2. CABAC CABAC CABAC 1 1 CABAC Figure 1 Overview of CABAC 2 DCT 2 0/ /1 CABAC [3] 3. 2 値化部 コンテキスト計算部 2 値算術符号化部 CABAC CABAC

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H.264 CABAC 1 1 1 1 1 2, CABAC(Context-based Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding) H.264, CABAC, A Parallelization Technology of H.264 CABAC For Real Time Encoder of Moving Picture YUSUKE YATABE 1 HIRONORI KOMI 1 KYOHEI UNNO 1 DAISUKE YOSHIDA 1 HIROAKI ITO 1 MICHIFUMI YOSHIOKA 2 Abstract: In a hardware encoder for encoding moving images in real time with high resolution, high-speed processing is required. Conventionally, techniques for achieving a high speed by parallel processing each slice in frame are used. However, the image quality in the boundary slice is degraded by this process. In this paper, it is possible to perform the parallelization of the CABAC (Context-based Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding) for each frame. We have achieved high-speed, high-quality H.264 encoding. Keywords: H.264, CABAC, Real Time Encoder, Hardware Parallelization 1. 4k ALL-I-picture ALL-I-picture [1] 1 Hitachi, Ltd., Research & Development Group, Center for Technology Innovation Systems Engineering. 2 Osaka Prefecture University, Graduate School of Engineering, Dept. of Computer Science of Intelligent Systems. 2003 H.264 [2] Context-based Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding CABAC CABAC 2 1bit( bin) CABAC [3][4][5] [6] CABAC 2 CABAC 3 4 5 c2015 Information Processing Society of Japan 1

2. CABAC CABAC CABAC 1 1 CABAC Figure 1 Overview of CABAC 2 DCT 2 0/1 2 2 2 1 2 0/1 CABAC 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 [3] 3. 2 値化部 コンテキスト計算部 2 値算術符号化部 CABAC CABAC 2 [3][4][5] CABAC 1bin/ck 1 2bin/ck CABAC CABAC [5] CABAC CABAC [7] CABAC CABAC 4. CABAC 画像入力部 シンタックス要素生成部 符号化中間データ生成部 バス メモリ 符号化制御部 エントロピー符号化部 エントロピー符号化部 2 Figure 2 Block Diagram of Proposed Method 多重化部 2 [5] CABAC 50Mbps 80Mbps CABAC CABAC c2015 Information Processing Society of Japan 2

H.264 1 CABAC 1 3 割り当て情報 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 3 Figure 3 Multiplexing Information 4 TF TF 30fps TF= 33msec 0 1 2 シンタックス要素生成部 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 エントロピー符号化部 0 3 5 6 4 Figure 4 Timing Chart 6 エントロピー符号化部 1 2 4 多重化部 ( 多重化ビットストリーム出力 ) 1 フレーム処理期間 2Bytes 順序情報 0 1 2 TF c2015 Information Processing Society of Japan 3

[7] 50Mbps TF 1.7Mbit 5 0, 1 アドレス 64 MB 48 MB 32 MB 1 1 フレーム処理期間 2 3 5 6 4 時刻 7 8 1 0 フレーム目符号化制御部書き込み 2 1 フレーム目符号化制御部書き込み 3 0 フレーム目符号化制御部読み出し 4 1 フレーム目符号化制御部読み出し 5 0 フレーム目多重化部書き込み 6 1 フレーム目多重化部書き込み 7 0 フレーム目多重化部読み出し 8 1 フレーム目多重化部読み出し 5 R/W Figure 5 R/W Timing for Memory Block 6 32 48MB48 64MB 64MB TF 0 1 0 MB 16 MB 32MB 48MB 64MB 6 Figure 6 Memory Mapping c2015 Information Processing Society of Japan 4

開始 1 未符号化フレーム有? 2 第 1 エントロピー符号化部処理中 4 第 1 エントロピー符号化部へ処理割り当て 3 第 2 エントロピー符号化部処理中 5 第 2 エントロピー符号化部へ処理割り当て 7 Figure 7 Processing Flow Cart 7 6 シーケンス終了 終了 5. CABAC 50Mbps 80Mbps 1 H.264 JM18.6 () 8 0.7dB CABAC (25Mbps) 40Mbps 9 1.2dB c2015 Information Processing Society of Japan 5

1 Table 1 Cording Conditions s204 s210 30.3 80.0 39.1 80.0 2スライス 30.2 80.0 39.0 80.0 4スライス 30.2 80.0 39.0 80.0 従来 17スライス 30.1 80.0 38.9 80.0 34スライス 30.0 80.0 38.7 80.0 68スライス 29.9 80.0 38.4 80.0 s213 s264 42.9 80.0 42.8 80.0 2スライス 42.9 80.0 42.8 80.0 4スライス 42.9 80.0 42.8 80.0 従来 17スライス 42.8 80.0 42.7 80.0 34スライス 42.7 80.0 42.5 80.0 68スライス 42.6 80.0 42.4 80.0 8 80Mbps Figure 8 Simulation Results (80Mbps) s204 9 40Mbps Figure 9 Simulation Results (40Mbps) s210 26.8 41.3 35.4 40.0 2スライス 26.8 41.3 35.4 40.0 4スライス 26.8 41.4 35.3 40.0 従来 17スライス 26.7 41.5 35.1 40.0 34スライス 26.6 41.7 34.8 40.0 68スライス 26.5 41.9 34.2 40.0 s213 s264 41.2 40.0 40.9 40.0 2スライス 41.2 40.0 40.8 40.0 4スライス 41.2 40.0 40.8 40.0 従来 17スライス 41.1 40.0 40.7 40.0 34スライス 41.0 40.0 40.4 40.0 68スライス 40.8 40.0 40.3 40.0 [5] CABAC R/W 2 CABAC 5.1 CABAC 68 8k4k 120fps 12bit 4:2:2 CABAC 6. CABAC H.265 [10] 1), CPU -, D Vol.J87-D1.4 pp.452-461 2) Recommendation ITU-T H.264 International Standard ISO/IEC 14496-10. 3), H.264 CABAC,. SIP, 111(257), 31-35, 2011-10-17 4) Yahya etc., CABAC Accelerator Architectures for Video Compression in Future Multimedia: A Survey, Springer, Embedded Computer Systems: Architectures, Modeling, and Simulation, Lecture tes in Computer Science Volume 5657, 2009, pp 24-35 5) Mizosoe etc., A Single Chip H.264/AVC HDTV Encoder/Decoder/Transcoder System LSI, Consumer Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, Volume:53, Issue:2, p.630-635, May 2007 6), 8K HEVC/H.265,, Vol. 69(2015),.1, p.j23-j29 7), HD H.264 IP,. 2009(1), 111-116, 2009-01-06 8) Recommendation ITU-T H.264 International Standard ISO/IEC 14496-10, reference software JM version 18.6, http://iphome.hhi.de/suehring/tml/download/ 9), https://www.nes.or.jp/gaiyo/pdf/manual-rev1_3.pdf 10) Recommendation ITU-T H.265 International Standard ISO/IEC 23008-2 HEVC. c2015 Information Processing Society of Japan 6