2010426 1 1 Email: daisho@waseda.jp
2015 < ITS > 2
3 SPM 050 g/m 3 51100 101200 201400 401600 601 2006125 19 2010 NO2SPM NOxPM 20099 PM10 PM2.5
NOxPM PM g/kwh 0.20 0.15 0.04 0.02 WHDC 03 EU 2015 2016 WHDC 04 (NOx+HC) 2010 NOx: 0.27 PM: 0.013 EURO6 2013-14 NOx:0.46? PM: 0.01 EURO5 08 2009-10 NOx:0.7-0.23 EURO4 05 PM: 0.01 05 0.20 0.15 0.04 0.02 4 0 07 NOx: 0.23 0 0.5 1 1 2 3 4 NOx g/kwh 0
5 2010, E E E E EGR E E E ECU E :
20089 2.0L M9R 160MPa, 127kW(173PS)/3750rp 360Nm36.7kgm m)/2000rpm 15.2km/L 10-15 DPF NOx 6
/ IEA World Energy Outlook 2009 180 160 WEO 2008 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 7 WEO2008 2009 2007120 t 2030 40%168 t 6 CO223%
CO2 / 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2000 2020 2040 50 2060 2080 2100 8 IPCC4 2008 2007 COP13 2008G8 2050 CO250% 2050 6080% 200812 2020 COP1 EU 1990 20 30% 1990 1990 25%
kl 6.5 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 73 0 1971 75 80 85 1990 95 2000 05 08 9 /
CO2 10
2015 3.5t 2002 2015 12.2% 2009 1995 22.8% 2010 (2004 22% 2010 29.2 2004 23.5% 2015 199540 50 11
ICCT 12 ICCT 200 150 120 CO2 /km 100
13 : 510% :5% G: D (G) HCCI(G), G VVT (CVT) MT DCT AT AT,, ( )
14,
20075 15
16
17 km/l 70 60 50 40 30 20 10-15 : : 5 100% 10 0 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 kg
imiev 20097 18 CO 272% 200V15A 7 1/9 100V(15A) 14 1/3 80% 3200V-50kW 30
19 imiev imiev (100V/200V) 100V/ 200V ECU EV- ECU EPS CAN CAN, 2009
EV LEAF 20 (200982 )) 2010 4445177015502700mm 140km/h FF 80kW280Nm Li 24kWh 90kW(AESC 160km US LA4 30 80%SOC 200V 8 2 IT ON
EV Tesla Roadster Tesla Motors 21 Lotus Elise 20083 98,000 800 CFRP 120V,15A37h 240V,70A 3.5h3000
22 W/kg 10000 5 1000 5 100 5 10 5 1 0.1 5 1 5 10 5 100 5 1000 Wh/kg
, 2006 EV, FCV EV, EV EV - 1 1 1.5 7 ) (70 Wh/kg) ( 1 (20 /kwh) 2010 1/2 2015 1/40 1/7 23 2030
NEDO 20092015 210 GS 24
,20092 110 11000 20093 25
26 200985 24 2300
2009 EV phv 27
EV/pHV 28
29 20104 1000 50002010 EV PHEV 4000 5000 4000 27000kW EV 2000
70 90 CO2 CO2 30
31 CO2 EU CO2 EV 2020 200 100 ZEV EV 2020
21 2.0(21 ) ( ) 6,290mm 2,080mm 3,100mm 2030 45km ( ) 58( 60) 32
33 Micro Hybrid ISAD PSACitroen C2, C3GM Chevrolet Silverado Hybrid BMW1,3, 5 15% Mild Hybrid : 2050% Full Hybrid Strong Hybrid : 2 Motor EV Motor ToyotaTHS THSGM DCBMWTwo-Mode-Hybrid Series Hybrid 50100%
34 : : PSA Citroen C2, C3GM Chevrolet Silverado Hybrid, BMW 1,3,5, : CIVIC, HIMR, VW : THS,THS, GM, BMW Two-Mode-Hybrid
E 35 M: G: C C/I: / M/G T B: T: C B C/I Ps: Pi Pi: : / : 20-50% E B G M/G E Ps G C/I B C/I M/G Pi Pi 50-100% 50-100%
20095 6,500rpm 13,900rpm 50kW60kW 109kg88kg 36
CR-Z2010 2 20101 CR-Z 226 4079mm1740mm 1394mm 2433mm IMA Integrated Motor Assist System 1.5L CVT 25.0km/L 10kW 100.8V 5.75Ah 1.2V 92kW 124hp 122hp 3 NOMAL SPORT ECON 6 MT 22.5km/L 37
S Hybrid 200993 3.5 V6 EV Li 75kg 160N m 15km ECO 10 15 11.2 / S350 30 17 75% 22 +25% 100% 1,405 38
200910 2015 2008 30 1.3L 32Km/L 10 15 40% 2011 SKYTECH i-stop 100kg 2011 23km/L 15% 5% 10% 5% 5% 32km/L 39
2008920 40
EV 75 kw, 400 Nm 100km 50 kw, 1.0L 330km 430km 20kWh 2,000 100%9 220VAC 10 SOC50% 1,800kg 160km/h Euro4 CO270g/km F6 $6,000 220 3 5 BYD 1995 Wang Chuanfu TI 10 2003 Tsinchuan Automobile Company R&D 300,000/ 41
42 Daimler Vision S500 Plug-in HYBRID 20099 Daimler Vision S500 Plug-in HYBRID 20099 ( ) 3.5L V6 7G-TRONIC 45kW250Nm 10kWh Li 130kg 20kW 60 3.3kW4 2 12V DC-DC 30km EV 215kg 100km/h 5.5 250km/h NEDC 31.3km/L CO274g/km
43,2009 2010 20091214,2009 2010 20091214 S PHV 4,460 1,745 1,490 2,700mm 5 57km/L CO2 41g/km EV 100km/h PHV JC08 EV 23.4km 100V180 200V100 EV PHV 230PHV 600 150 EU 100 10 200 2
200810 44 PHEVSOC SOC 90 Blend mode 60 40 CD mode CS mode 0 t (PHEV)
CO 2 45 11.342.5Ah 310V 13001450kg J
46
47 Waseda Future Vehicle AW 660CC CFRP : 750kg : 35km/L
48
SUV GM CO2 CO2 49
50 Well to Tank Tank to Wheel * * ** * : (GTL, CTL, BTL) **:
GBEP(Global Bioenergy Partnership 2005G8 51 201035 CO2LCA CO2 EU50 2017 50 2010 50 CO2
CdA0 =0.6 JC08 M0 = 1200kg 0 =0.01 CdA M 52 : 0, M/M 0, CdA/CdA0
53 % 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 JC08 : 0.345 MJ/km M: 1,200 kg CdA: 0.6 m 3 r: 0.01 20.1% 28.4% 51.5% 27.5% ( )
54 Active safety Passive safety
55 LC
56
2008 2008 16 FSV 1 2 CO 2 WAS 201520 4 BEVPHEV 5 PHEV FCV4 4 2020 2 FSV1 BEV PHEV20 20 4 FSV2 PHEV4040 FCV4 57
980MPa 2006 TAF 58
59
MPa/ / cm 3 500 400 300 200 100 60 CFRP( Mg GFRP CFRP( 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3 E/ GPa/ /cm 3 NEDO
61
CO 2%0 20 40 60 80 100 62
63 20103 2020250 ( ) 490 51 ( CO2) 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 1990 2005 2020 2030 2040 2050 CO2 EV CO2
CO2 (IEA World Energy Outlook 2009, 450ppm )) 64 2030 78.9% 14.6% 5.8% 0.7% 202056%
65 20092010
66
67
68 2010
2010 69
2010 70
2010 71
20202030 4 72
73 30-40% 45-55% 65-85% 100% 15-25 5-10 5-10 60-70 25-35 10-15 5-10 45-55 35-45 15-25 10-20 15-35 202020302050, TDM, ITS,
74