1980 2003 19565 1980 2003 ITO, Makoto 1 2 1980 2003 19565 2003 2 31982 2003 4 2 2.1 4 2 552km 2 1.47 6,0001/2 107/km 2 30 2.2 3 3 Vol.10 No.2 2007 Summer 007
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SNCF SNCF 1999 2000 11 TERTransport Express Regional 4 TER 5 4.3 4.3.1 140 10014 125 20045 752 60 6 7 6411 10 11 2 1599 Vol.10 No.2 2007 Summer 016 km km km 44km/km/ 295 258 186 322 206 414 131 127 208 71 284 285 85 190 406 217 351 85 322 814 628 1,490 1,000 1,213 1,193 1,600 1,057 855 1,474 1,108 1,848 1,485 751 523 1,300 1,167 1,122 714 1,015 2,600 161 163 101 163 137 160 77 72 139 87 169 176 46 70 211 128 176 79 136 265 8,647 6,914 6,470 8,725 6,270 13,711 4,410 4,768 5,628 3,555 7,357 7,954 2,831 2,860 11,525 7,278 8,019 2,374 10,111 23,200 553,924 404,522 227,732 521,728 362,129 796,496 184,766 168,683 346,861 85,807 397,805 485,096 132,738 175,749 906,247 478,149 722,221 107,980 790,198 1,631,800 2,417 744 624 1,178 832 1,364 479 541 645 212 590 895 484 921 1,910 1,123 1,764 414 2,133 1,719 57 12 12 750 350 2001 442004 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
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4 2 1 20061231 20061231 6 5 24 20061231 2006630 4.4 4.4.1 32002 14 8,900 6,40064,400 11 8 1980 6 121 1 1 0 20 40 60 80 100 100/ 76 018 Vol.10 No.2 2007 Summer
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EU 1Insee Franche-Comté-conribution au SRADI2005 Schéma Régional d Aménagement et de Dévelopment du Territoire (SRADT) 22002 32004 4Ministère de I Intérieur2004Intercommunalité: vers une couverture complète du territoire 52004 62004 71997 81996 91998 102003 11Loi constitutionnelle relative à l organisation décentralisée de la République 2003 12La Constitution1958 13Loi relative aux libertés et responsabilités locales2004 14Limousin 152005 162003 1720031 182003 192003 202003ISSUE BRIEF 2120031 222004 2 232004 2 242004 1 252004 2 262004 2 272005 282004 292005 302003 31 322005 33Economic and Financial Data for France, National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies 34Aurelie MERCIER2004, La décentralisation des transports en France 35IDI-EUROPE 36Ministère de l Equipement, des Transports et du Logement2003. La Route en France 37RFF Home page2004 38SNCF2004, SNCF Annual Report 2001 39Francois Batisse 1996, Restructuring of Railways in France: Salvage Operation, Japan Railway & Transport Review, JRTR 40Francois Batisse2003, Has rail transport decentralization reached its limits?, Rail International 41City of Strasbourg WEB sight2004 42Region Nord-Pas de Calais WEB sight2004 43TER-SNCF WEB sight2004 44Ville Transports magazine2005le PALMARÈS 2005 DES TER 452004 461998 47Benoît THOMÉ2001, Local public transport organisation in France A new deal?- 482001 491997 ITPS-Report 502003 512002 522003PDU 28 53union des Transport Public2007, Le transport public 542005 55Décret n 2001-1116 novembre 2001, relatif au transfert de compétences en matière de transports collectifs d intérêt régional 56http://www.elunet.org/elu/dossiers/regionalisation.htm 57Regionalisation: Une nouvelle voie vers la décentralisation 581989. / 020 Vol.10 No.2 2007 Summer
59-1989.Nord-Pas-de-Calais 601985 612000 No.1 621999 632003 642003 651991EC 661998 671991 682000 69LES AEROPORTS FRANCAIS2004, UCCEGA 70UCCEGA,LES,AÉROPORTS FRANÇAIS2002, Le Livre Blanc des grands aéroports régionaux français 71LE TRANSPORT AÉERIEN A CONTINUÉ SA CROISSANCE EN 20052006, Direction générale de L Aviation civile 72EU2004, Air passenger transport by reporting country, eurostat 732004 74The National Magazine Co.Ltd, Containerisation International Yearbook 2005 75www.port.fr/manche/ports/tableau.himl 76http://epp.eurostat.cec.eu.int/extraction/retrieve/en/theme7/maritime/ 772003 782003 792003 802004 1 812004 1 822004 3 832002 842001 8520062006 Decentralization of Authorities in France: Implications for Transport Sectors By Makoto ITO Most developed countries have adopted decentralization in political system delegating many authorities to local government. However, in France and Japan many authorities are still with central government. But France started the movement to decentralize their system from the beginning of 1980. They enacted many laws for decentralization. And finally to legitimize decentralization fully, the Constitution of the Fifth Republic, which has been promulgated in 1956 was amended in 2003. In order to realize the spirits of this constitution, many laws have been enacted. These laws transfer many authorities on transports from central government to local governments. While promoting the decentralization of authorities in Japan, those French experiences are very much valuable. The purposes of this research are, especially focusing on transportation field, firstly to show an overview of the decentralization of political system in France, which started from the beginning of 1980, and then to examine clearly the policy and authorities devolved after the amendment of Republic s constitution in 2003. Key Words : France, Transport, Decentralization Vol.10 No.2 2007 Summer 021