シャープ技報 第 93 号 2005 年 12 月 Cz 1. 実験 1 1 デバイス シミュレーション Integrated Systems Engineering, Inc.ISE TCAD 図 1 表 ライフタイム評価 bulk SRV Cz eff CVD PECVD SiH /

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高効率シリコン裏面電極型太陽電池 High Efficiency Back Contact Si Solar Cell 中村京太郎 * 1 伊坂隆行 * 2 舩越康志 * 2 Kyotaro Nakamura Takayuki Isaka Yasushi Funakoshi 殿村嘉章 * 2 町田智弘 * 2 岡本浩二 * 1 Yoshifumi Tonomura Tomohiro Machida Koji Okamoto 要 旨 受光面に電極のない, いわゆる裏面電極型, またはバックコンタクトと呼ばれるタイプの新規構造高効率シリコン太陽電池の開発を行った 高品位の表面パッシベーションを得るために, 受光面には 2 層シリコン窒化膜が適しており, 裏面のパッシベーションにはシリコン窒化膜よりも酸化膜が適していることを見出した さらにスクリーン印刷法に適したデザインルールについて検討を行い, ピッチに対する p + 拡散領域の割合, すなわち接合面積率をおよそ 70% に固定すべきであることを見出した これらの結果に加え, 焼成プロセスと銀ペーストを最適化することによって, 従来の太陽電池と同等のコストで高効率太陽電池を量産する目処を得ることができた We have investigated a newly designed high efficiency Si solar cell. It is called backcontact type or rear-contact type of the solar cell, because it has no electrode on the front surface. To get better surface passivation property, we applied the double layer SiNx (DLSiN) to the front surface. On the other hand, it was found that SiO 2 layer was more suitable than SiNx layer for the rear surface passivation. Furthermore, we studied the design rules suitable for the screen-printing method, and found that the ratio of the p+ diffusion region width to the pitch, i.e. the junction ratio should be fixed to roughly 70%. In addition to these results, optimizing the firing process and the Ag paste, we obtained the prospect of the mass-production of high efficiency solar cell with comparable cost to the conventional solar cell. まえがき np n p n * * 11

シャープ技報 第 93 号 2005 年 12 月 Cz 1. 実験 1 1 デバイス シミュレーション Integrated Systems Engineering, Inc.ISE TCAD 図 1 表 1 1 2 ライフタイム評価 bulk SRV Cz eff CVD PECVD SiH /NH CVD APCVD eff -PCD 1 3 太陽電池作製 Cz p + n + p n A.M.. G, mw/ cm, 2. 結果と考察 図 1 太陽電池構造 Fig. 1 Schematic configuration of Si solar cell. 表 1 デバイス シミュレーション主要パラメータ Table 1 Main parameters used for the device simulation. n Si P, x /cm m AM. G, mw/cm 2 1 表面パッシベーション図 2 S f S r 12

図 2 Fig. 2 表面再結合速度と太陽電池変換効率の計算結果 a function of SRV. Cz bulk eff APCVD DLSiO CVD n eff eff eff 図 3 n SLSiN ML Cz eff eff 図 3 Fig. 3 2 層酸化膜, 低屈折率窒化膜, 積層膜, および高屈折率窒化膜で表面パッシベーションした Cz ウェーハのライフタイム測定結果 Lifetime measurements of Cz wafers passivated with DLSiO 2, SLSiN (low n), ML and SLSiN (high n). Si p + p + p + 図 4 Cz mm.% A.M.. G, mw/cm, 13

シャープ技報 第 93 号 2005 年 12 月 図 5 Fig. 5 拡散層のピッチと変換効率の相関関係 接合面積率は 64% に固定している a function of pitch of diffusion regions under the condition that the junction ratio, which is the ratio of the p + diffusion width to the pitch, is fixed to 64%. 図 4 Fig. 4 評価用セルの太陽電池特性 作製においてはフォトリソグラフィと蒸着電極を用いた Illuminated I-V characteristic of the experimental 95mm x 95mm solar cell with Cz wafer, fabricated by photolithography method and evaporated electrodes. 2 2 デザインルール 図 5 p + n + pn 図 6 n n np + p + n 図 6 Fig. 6 pn 接合面積率と変換効率の相関関係 ピッチは 1.4mm に固定している a function of pn junction region ratio under the condition that the pitch is fixed to 1.4mm. 14

n 図 7 n.mm. mm n 図 7 Fig. 7 n 領域をそれぞれ 0.14mm,0.2mm,0.3mm とした場合の pn 接合面積率と変換効率の相関関係 a function of pn junction region ratio under the conditions that the n region widths are 0.14 mm, 0.2 mm and 0.3 mm, respectively. 2 3 スクリーン印刷電極 eff SRV eff SRV eff SRV 表 2 むすび 表 2 スクリーン印刷法により作製した太陽電池の特性 Table 2 Photovoltaic performances of solar cells, which are fabricated by screen-printing method. Photolithography Jsc (ma/cm ) Voc (V) F.F. (%)........ Si APCVD.% pn 謝辞 AmonixDr.A.Slade Mr.V.Garbousian 参考文献 K. R. McIntosh, M. J. Cudzinovic, D. D. Smith, W. P. Mulligan, R. M., Swanson, Proceedings rd World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion,, O-D-. A. Kenanoglu, D. Borchert, C. Ballif, S. Peters, T. Zerres, M. Rinio, D.M. Huljic, Proceedings rd World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion,, LN-D-. Ji Youn Lee, Jochen Dicker, Stefan Rein and Stefan W. Glunz, Proceedings rd World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion,, P-A -. K. Nakamura, T. Isaka, Y. Funakoshi, Y. Tonomura, T. Machida and K. Okamoto, Proceedings th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition,, DO.. S. Dauwe, L. Mittelstadt, A. Metz, J. Schmidt, and R. Hezel, Proceedings rd World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion,, P-C -. 15