13 12 25 New Public Management New Public Management 20 15 1
New Public Management NPM NPM 20 NPM
1 1 1 1 2 3 4 4 5 7 7 8 9 11 11 11 12 13 14 15 19 20 20 24 25 27 29 31 31 35 36
37 38 39 40 41 45
New Public Management NPM 1 2 1980 3 NPM EconomyEfficiencyEffectiveness 3Es Economy Efficiency Effectiveness Value for Money (VFM 3Es 4 NPM 1 13 6 26 NPM 2 (1999) 3 1979 5 1634 NPM 4 (2000)
1962 NPM NPM 8 11 21 9 12 3 4 4 5 25% 5 http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/cyuo-syocho/pamphlet/index.html
NPM NPM NPM NPM 21 4 2 20 14 17 22 12 128 96 6 4 4 6 9 12 3
6 12 19 8 12 16 8 12 25 11 5 7 13 4 1 4 7 14 10 1 10 6 9 4 6 13 1 13 1 15 5 7 13 6 12 7 (2002)
14 4 1
NPM 8 NPM 9 OECD NPM 1998 Human Resources Management Trends in Human Resource Management in the Public Sector 10 Service Delivery Agreements 2001-2004 11 (Modernising Government (1999) 12 NPM NPM 13 NPM 8 (1999) 9 (2002) 10 http://www.oecd.org/en/home/0,,en-home-11-nodirectorate-no-no-no-11,00.html 11 http://www.detr.gov.uk/sr2000/index.htm 12 (2001)
100 13 12 14 15 16 IT 13 (2001) 14 (2001) 15 (2001) 16 (1997)
21 NPM 20 17 17 (1998)
NPM 2 18 20 2 2 2 20 19 18 1911 20 18 (1997)http://www.kawai-juku.ac.jp/prof/soshiki/soshiki-nonaka.html http://home.kanto-gakuin.ac.jp/~kaoki/sosiki.html 19 (2000) 20 (2000)
60% 400% 21 1924 22 5 23 2 1960 24 21 (2000) 22 23 24 (1997)
1960 IEIndustrial Engineering 23 25 25
2 26 27 3 26 (1997) 27 (2001)
OS 28 28 (1988)
(1988) 29 30 (1988) 29 (1988) 30 (1988)
(1997) 31 31 (1997)
32 33 78 2 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 X 3 A B C 1% 32 (2000) 33 (1997)
USSUnsuspecting Subject USS USS USS USS 35% 34 35 36 34 (1988) 35 (1988)p.104f. 36
37 1990 1,000 60% 6% 38 37 (1997) 38
39 2 40 50 50 83 83% 84% 69% 39 40 (1997)
41 MBO MBO 4 MBO MBO MBO MBO MBO MBO MBO 42 15 18 MBO MBO 43 44 45 41 (1997) 42 (1997) 43 (2002) 44 (2000) 45
46 47 48 49 50 13 2 23 114 12 46 (1998) 47 48 (1997) 49 (1997) 50 Cabinet Office(U.K.)(2000)
13 51 52 53 360 54 55 26.0% 11 41.8% 51 (2001) 52 (1997) 53 13 12 25 54 (2002) 55 (2001)
11 56 56 (2001)
NPM 57 57 (1999) (PHP ) (2000) ( ) (2001)[ ]
6 1960 5 (1997) 1990
(1997)
2 59 20 1924 1932 2 1 2 6 1 59 (1997) (2000)
3 1 60 61 2 60 (2000) 61 (2000)
3 9 3 2 9 3 6 1 3 2 1
62 62 (2000)
63 5 63 (2000)
11 200 2 64 65 (Hygiene) (Maintenance) 100% 66 64 (2000) 65 (1997) 66 (2000)
50% 50%
4 68 68 (1997)
69 70 69 http://www.geocities.co.jp/wallstreet/4716/reinforcement.htm 70 (1997)
71 71 (1997)
13 12 25 http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/gyokaku/kettei/1225koumuin_s.html
15 17 18
1988 1999 2001 April 2001 2000 1996 1998 NTT 1998 2000 1902-2000 2000 - - PRC Note 24 2001NPM NPM 7 1999 1997 2001 [ ] 2000 [ ] 1998 1997 2001 60 2001 13 6 26 1997 9 12 3 2001 2002 2002 13 2001 2002 Cabinet OfficeU.K. 2000 ANALYSIS OF SICKNESS ABSENCE IN THE CIVIL SERVICE 2000p.1 < > http://www.kawai-juku.ac.jp/prof/soshiki/soshiki-nonaka.html http://home.kanto-gakuin.ac.jp/~kaoki/sosiki.html http://www.oecd.org/en/home/0,,en-home-11-nodirectorate-no-no-no-11,00.html
http://www.detr.gov.uk/sr2000/index.htm http://www.geocities.co.jp/wallstreet/4716/reinforcement.htm http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/cyuo-syocho/pamphlet/index.html http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/gyokaku/kettei/1225koumuin_s.html