No.5, 124-135 (2004) India and Pakistan War and United Nations Peacekeeping Operation YOKOTA Minoru Nihon University, Graduate School of Social and Cultural Study There have occurred three wars between India and Pakistan. The first war was a sort of territorial conflict for the Kashmir region, the second was the western boarder conflict that expanded to Kashmir, and the third one was for the independence of Bangladesh from Pakistan. In each war, the United Nations tried to act as an arbitrator for peace talks, and conducted peacekeeping operations. However, it was difficult to evaluate these operations as being successful achievements. This thesis explores the reasons that the operations encountered difficulties, and searches for the ideal way for the United Nations to conduct them in the future. 200 1947 8 2002 6
50 1 (1) 22.2 1941 402 77% 20% 1.6% 1% (2) 1947 8 1947 10 1947 1 1 20 (UNCIP) 8 13 1947 7 26 (1) 2 (1) 1963 1965 (2) (2) 1965 125
6 30 9 20 9 23 2 (3) (3) 1965 12 1 1965 8 5 3 (1) 1966 6 1970 12 4 10 5 3 31 800 10 16 10 12 3 3 12 16 (4) (5) (2) 8 126
(6) (7) (3) 1972 6 1971 12 1971 12 1947 1972 12 6 (8) 1949 10 6 UNCIP (9) 19549 SEATO 9 ( CENTO) 1959 3 1954 5 1955 127
1960 1962 10 1961 1962 12 1963 2 3 1962 11 (10) 1964 211 (11) 1 (1) 1948 1 10 39 34 3 2 1 1 8 13 47 5 United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan, UNCIP UNCIP UNCIP (12) 128
UNCIP 12 11 8 9 9 4 209 20 UNMOGIP UNCIP 210 UNMOGIP (13) UNCIP UNCIP (14) UNCIP 91 9 14 (UNMOGIP) 9 20 UNMOGIP 7 UNMOGIP, UNIPOM UNPOM UNMOGIP (15) 1949 7 27 2 210 1950 3 14 80 3 1951 3 30 211 22 1965 8 5 (16) 3040 UNIPOM 100 60 (2) 10 90 129
(17) (20) UNIPOM UNMOGIP 1966 UNIPOM UNIPOM (3) 1953 8 1971 UNMOGIP UNMOGIP (18) 1954 (21) 2. (1) 1956 11 26 5 (19) 1957 1 130
1958 (2) (3) 211 (1) UNMOGIP UNIPOM UNMOGIP UNMOGIP 9 46 24 1965 742km UNMOGIP UNMOGIP 1948 UNCIP UNIPOM 1965 UNIPOM UNMOGIP UNMOGIP UNIPOM (22) UNMOGIP UNMOGIP (24) UNMOGIP 39 47 6 (23) UNMOGIP 50 920 UNMOGIP UNMOGIP 1972 1 UNMOGIP UNMOGIP UNMOGIP 131
(25) UNMOGIP (2) UNMOGIP UNMOGIP UNFICYP UNIFIL (26) UNMOGIP 742 46 UNMOGIP UNMOGIP (3) 3 (27) 1 2 20 UNMOGIP (28) UNMOGIP UNMOGIP 132
39 47 UNMOGIP UNMOGIP UNMOGIP UNMOGIP UNMOGIP 2 1972 3 1950 1990 1948 39 1990 3 1972 1990 (29) 1990 5 50% (30) 1993 8 1993 9 (31) NPT NPT 1998 2001 12 3 UNMOGIP UNMOGIP UNMOGIP 50 133
UNMOGIP 50 (32) UNMOGIP 1950 1990 2002 6 50 UNMOGIP 134
(16) 70 20 (17) 213 (18) 62 (19) 111 (20) 112-113 (21) 115-116 (22) SC Resolution S/6751, 5 October. 1965 (23) 127 (24) http://www.un.org/depts/dpko/missions/unmogip/index.html 2003 12 3 (25) 1-6 (26) A 1996 106-107 (27) 1998 25 (28) http://www.rediff.com/news/2001/oct/29jk2.htm 2003 12 3 (29) 144 (30) 143-145 (31) (1) 90 1998 127 2001 55 109 112 (2) http://tanakanews.com/b1003pakistan.htm 2003 9 3 (3) http://tanakanews.com/b1003pakistan.htm 2003 9 3 (4) 1997 (32) After Mideast, road map for Kashmir? United Press International http://www.upi.com/view.cfm?storyid=20030609-030350-539 5r2003 6 171-172 (Received:May 31,2004) (5) 122 124 (6) (Issued in internet Edition:July 1,2004) 1993 226-227 (7) 124-125 (8) 127 (9) 112-113 (10) 70 15-17 (11) 20 (12) SC Resolution S/726, 21 April 1948 (13) 1991 61 (14) 59-62 (15) 1963 135