B. 41 II: ;; 4 B [] S 1 S S 1 S.1 O S 1 S 1.13 P 3 P 5 7 P.1:.13:
4 4.14 C d A B x l l d C B 1 l.14: AB A 1 B 0 AB 0 O OP = x P l AP BP AB AP BP 1 (.4)(.5) x l x sin = p l + x x l (.4)(.5) m d A x P O x = m d l (.10) x = m + 1 d l (.11).15 x P O m x <0 x m (.11) x m = m + 1 d l.15:
B. 43 m +1 m x x = x m+1 ; x m = m +1+ 1 m d l ; + 1 d l x = d l (.1) 3 d =1:0 10 ;4 ml =1:0 m x =6:3 10 ;3 m (d.16 1.16.16: P 5 A P a.16 A C B AB BC a B C.17: AB A BC B a (d 3 6:3 10 ;7 m.
44 1 A C 0 (.5) d = a m =1 sin =1 a = a AB A BC B AB BC =0 j sin j < a (.13) jj j sin j > a 3 4 5 (.1).18 a 4 3 P sin = 3 a =0 1 (e.18: 10 ;7 m 1m(.1 a 1m ; rad<<rad sin jj < 10 ;7 rad (e 4 1 3
B. 45 3 ABC.19 AC' A' C' A B' 0 BC A C C' C A B C.19: t C A t AC B t c A ct B 1 ct.19 A'B'C 4 ACC' 4 CAA' AC'C= CA'A= C0 C=AA 0 = ctac 4ACC 0 4CAA 0 AC' AC A'C AC 0 0 0 = (.14) AC' A'C = 0 =0 1 (t x) =A cos ft; x
46 1 x =0 (t x) =A cos ft+ x 0 0 1 (f x k (k =1) 1 O (t x) =; 1 (t ;x) (t x) = ;A cos ft; ;x = A cos ft+ x.0 P!P' x>0 1 P'.0:.0 x =0 1 1 x =0 (t x) = 1 (t ;x) (t x) = A cos ft; ;x = A cos ft+ x.1 P!P'.1: x =0 1 6 x =0 P' O O P P x x (f
B. 47 x = l 1-1 1 3 3 3 = 4 5 l 1-1 1 1.6 3 ;y +y 1-1 +x x x =0.: a Y dy =0 (.15) dx x=0 x f x =0 Y +x Y + ;x Y ;..3.4 a,b,c x =0 Y + Y ; A a ; 5A b l x + 5A ; 5A c + 5A ; 5A l l l l b,c 0 a 0 3 0 x =0.3: b x = l Y + Y ; ab ; 5A c + 5A ; 5A l l l
48 [Y ] x=l =[Y + + Y ; ] x=l =0 (.16) 1 a,b,c..3.4-1.5 x = 1 5 l 3 5 ll = 1 4 3 4 5 4 x x =0 5 l4 5 l =01 5 x =0x = l (g.4: c 7.6 OA BC y C O.5: 3 B D A x x (g 5 n = 4l n ; 1.6:
B. 49 O x y d D (l0) 6 AOD = tan = d l (x0) (xx tan ) x tan x tan (1.8) I II 1n I <n II n I >n II OB OA 1 m 8 >< x tan ; = m >: x tan ; = (m ; 1) x 8 >< x = >: m + 1 x = m tan = m d l (.1) x = d l tan = m + 1 d l.15 l x d = x l d 6.7 n =1:141 d =4:00 10 ;7 m (1) () 4:00 10 ;7 m<<7:00 10 ;7 m (h.7: (h 6 (1) n,() =4:51 10;7 m
50 D I II ABC 1.8 AC' A A B C BC A C B' C' C t A' C A t AC B t.8: III III c 1 c C 0 C=c 1 t AA 0 = c t A c t B 1 c t.8 A'B'C 4AC 0 C 4AA 0 C C 0 C 6 AC 0 C= 6 AA 0 C= rad 6 C 0 AC= 1 6 A 0 CA = 1 sin 1 = C0 C AC = c 1t AC sin = AA0 AC = c t AC sin 1 = c 1t sin c t = c 1 c (1.8) c 1 c = c 0 n I c 0 n II = sin 1 sin = n II n I n II n I
B. 51 n II sin = n I sin 1 (.17) 7 n I <n II 1 (i 8.9 n 1 d A' C' 1 A B (1) B' B" D 1 () 1.9: D A C DB 1 C 1 sin = n sin 1 (1) = 1 = c sin =1 1=n sin c sin c = 1 n (.18) 1 > = c (.) c (1) sin 1 > = 1 n 1 () sin 1 < 1 n (i 7 1 >
5 1 B AA' C'C D AA' B'B B"B C'C 7! A 0! B! C 0!! A! B 0! D! B"! C! B 0 B+BB" AA' B'B.8 B' B BB" C C B 0 B=BB" 4B 0 DB BD = d 6 B 0 DB = B 0 B+BB" = d cos d cos B n 1 D 1 n 8 >< d cos ; = m >: d cos ; = (m ; 1) 8 >< >: cos = cos = m d cos = 1 8 >< >: q 1 ; sin = q 1 ; n sin 1 m + 1 d s sin 1 = 1 1+ n s sin 1 = 1 n 1+ m + 1 m d d 8.9 n 1 =0 d (j (j 8 nd
B. 53 C L N P 1 Q N' L' A.30: B 9 1.31 A n 3 PQ B.31 (1) AP QB 1.31: + (n ; 1) (.19) () R 1 a + 1 b = 1 f (.0) a A b B f f = R (n ; 1) (.1) (1) 6 A= 6 B= 4ABC' 6 C 0 + AC'k APC'Bk QB 4CPQ 6 C=
54 6 P= pi ; 1 6 Q= pi ; 1 P Q 6 C+ 6 P+ 6 Q= pi pi + ; 1 + ; = 1 + = (.) AP PC N 1 = + QB QC N' = + PQ AB LL' PC 6 C L PC N L AP AB AP 1 8 >< 1 sin + = n sin 1 >: 1 sin + = n sin 1 3 sin ( 1) + n 1 (.3) + n (.4) (.7)(.8) (.6) + + + n + (n ; 1) () AB y PQ PQ y.33 P y R sin = y R.3:
B. 55 1 y R (.5) AB P Q y tan y a tan y b 3 tan ( 1) y a y b (.6) (1) (.3)(.9)(.30)) y a + y b (n ; 1) y R y 1 a + 1 b (n ; 1) R a!1 1 a! 0 0+ 1 b (n ; 1) R b R (n ; 1) f.34 (a) F (.4) a = f.33: 1 f + 1 b 1 f 1 b 0 b!1.34 (b) F 1 R R.34 (c) F.34 (d)
56 F 1 R <0 (.5), f<0 (a),(b) F 1 F (c),(d) F 1 F (.4) O +x A x = ;a B x = b ab 9 I. 15cm 10cm (1) () II 15cm 30cm (3) (4) (k II II-3 (l c =3:0 10 8 m=s (k 9 (1) b = ;30 cm(3) b = ;10 cm (l.
B. 57 (m) (Hz) 1 10 5 1 10 ;4 3 10 3 3 10 4 1 10 ;4 7:7 10 ;7 3 10 4 3:9 10 14 7:7 10 ;7 6:4 10 ;7 3:9 10 14 4:7 10 14 6:4 10 ;7 5:9 10 ;7 4:7 10 14 1:8 10 15 5:9 10 ;7 5:5 10 ;7 5:1 10 14 5:5 10 15 5:5 10 ;7 4:9 10 ;7 5:5 10 14 6:1 10 14 4:9 10 ;7 4:3 10 ;7 6:1 10 14 7:0 10 14 4:3 10 ;7 3:8 10 ;7 7:0 10 14 7:9 10 14 3:8 10 ;7 1 10 ;9 7:9 10 14 3 10 17 1 10 ;9 1 10 ;1 3 10 17 3 10 0 X > 1 10 ;1 > 3 10 0, d =10 ;5 10 ;6 m d.4. N N 5 1 (.13) 5.34: a = Nd (.13) j sin j < Nd N!1! 0 10 (1) d () 1cm 1000 m sin m
58 410 ;7 m 810 ;7 m (1).35 d sin m d sin =m sin = m d () d =10 ;3 cm ;1 =10 ;5 m V R sin V = V d =4m 10; sin R = R =8m10; d m =0 =0 1 m =13.36 10 1cm 1.010 4 rad 1 6 (m 3 1 m d d sin.35: 0 4 8 1 16 0 4.36: sin (10 ; ) -1 c.7 c, 1- I c I () n I () c c I () = c n I ().37 (m 10 5.010 ;7 m
B. 59 11 = rad 9 =1:79 10 ;1 rad 1:80 10 ;1 rad1:84 10 ;1 rad.(.19),. 1.37 1 11 1.511.51.53