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1 3 2 4 2.1.................................. 4 2.2................................... 5 3 6 3.1.................................. 7 3.1.1.................................. 7 3.1.2..................... 8 3.1.3............................. 10 3.2................................... 12 4 13 4.1................................ 13 4.1.1............................ 13 4.1.2.................................. 14 4.1.3................................. 15 4.2................................ 17 4.2.1............................... 17 4.2.2............................ 18 4.2.3.............................. 19 4.3................................... 20 http://www.katsu-yama.com/katuyama/ http://www.urakasumi.com/ http://www.chuokaimiyagi.or.jp/ miyagisake/frame/frame.htm SK http://www.ichinokura.co.jp/ 2004 16 1
5 21 2
1 Ellickson 1 Bernstein 2 3 4 SK 1 Robert C. Ellickson, Order Without Law: How Neighbors Settle Disputes (1991). 2 Lisa Bernstein, Opting Out of the Legal System: Extralegal Contractual Relations in the Diamond Industry, 21 J. Legal Stud. 115 (1992); Lisa Bernstein, Merchant Law in a Merchant Court: Rethinking the Code s Search for Immanent Business Norms, 144 U. Pa. L. Rev. 1765 (1996); Lisa Bernstein, The Questionable Empirical Basis of Article 2 s Incorporation Strategy: A Preliminary Study, 66 U. Chi. L. Rev. 710 (1999); Lisa Bernstein, Private Commercial Law in the Cotton Industry: Creating Cooperation through Rules, Norms, and Institutions, 99 Michi. L. Rev. 1724 (2001) [hereinafter Bernstein, Cotton Industry]. 3 4 Bernstein 2 Bernstein Bernstein 3
5 2 6 2.1 1000 7 1500 8 3/4 1/4 9 10 5 6 1967 1982 7 2003 8 2003 9 16 2 8 2 available at http://www.nta.go.jp/ category/sake/10/siori/h16/siori.htm 10 9 7 11 12 14 4
85 15 11 12 1986 36 2004 7 13 14 15 16 2.2 17 18 11 3 90 11 9 8 2 12 13 14 15 1991 16 17 6 46 1 2 3 4 5 18 5
19 20 21 3 2003 22 19 20 21 22 6
3.1 3.1.1 23 17 31 32 38 32 41 24 PR 25 26 PR 27 1/3 1 2 3 28 23 1958 24 23 1 2 23 11 25 12 28 10 25 PR PR PR 26 27 6 PR 28 7
3.1.2 29 11 12 9 30 2003 31 1 2 6000 1 2 32 33 29 157 168 182 2001 30 A A A 2003 31 2003 10 1993 32 33 8
34 35 36 10 1 37 38 39 6 40 41 42 34 35 18 36 37 10 3 38 1 300-500 39 40 41 2003 42 9
43 44 95 45 46 47 3.1.3 48 49 43 44 45 46 43 47 48 49 10
1969 1970 50 65 35 51 52 36 53 PR 54 1997 50 6 90 51 52 700 29 251 53 54 PR 11
3 55 56 3.2 57 2003 58 55 PR 56 57 58 46 12
59 60 4 61 3 62 63 4.1 64 65 4.1.1 59 60 S. Grossman & Oliver Hart, The Costs and Benefits of Ownership, 94 J. of Pol. Econ. 691 (1986); Oliver Hart, Firms, Contracts, and Financial Structure (1995) 61 62 63 http://www.meimonshu.jp/ 64 65 13
POS IT IT IT 66 67 4.1.2 68 69 Fax 66 http://www.daiwa-computer.co.jp/ 67 68 69 14
70 71 60 72 4.1.3 73 74 70 71 72 73 9 16 1(3) 1(1) 74 15
75 76 30 77 78 79 80 75 76 77 78 SK 100 79 Henry Hansmann & Reinier Kraakman, The Essential Role of Organizational Law, 110 Yale L. J. 387, 399-403 (2000). 80 George G. Triantis, Organizations as Internal Capital Markets: The Legal Boundaries of Firms, Collateral, and Trusts in Commercial and Charitable Enterprises, 117 Harv. L. Rev. 1102, 1131 (2004). 16
4.2 4.2.1 1975 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 17
88 89 1 2 3 4 5 90 91 92 4.2.2 93 94 88 89 2000 90 Available at http://www.meimonshu.jp/fun/subscription.html 91 92 2004 7 20 7 2 93 94 18
95 96 97 98 4.2.3 99 95 96 97 rule of thumb 98 99 19
100 101 4.3 102 103 104 100 Bernstein, Cotton Indutstry, supra note 2, at 1750-53 101 102 E 93 103 104 20
105 5 Ellickson Bernstein Order Without Law Order Without Norm 106 105 106 2002 2002 21
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