HRO 52 2002 7 19
HRO (Ham Radio Observation) HRO HRO 1 2 100km Microsoft Excel HRO 1999 12 12 16 HRO HRO
1 2 1.1........................................... 2 1.2 HRO............................ 2 1.3 HRO................................... 3 1.4...................................... 3 2 5 2.1........................ 5 2.1.1... 5 2.1.2... 5 2.1.3...................................... 6 2.1.4..................... 6 2.1.5...................................... 7 2.2........................................... 9 2.2.1................................. 9 2.2.2..................... 9 2.2.3................................... 10 2.2.4....... 11 3 12 3.1....... 12 3.2............................ 12 4 14 4.1....................... 14 4.2....... 15 5 17 5.1........................................... 17 5.2... 17 5.3... 18 1
1 1.1 HRO[Ham Radio Observation] HRO 1.2 HRO 100km 1 8.5 11km/sec 70 180km 1999[5] 1 1 5 10 HRO km VHF 30 300MHz ( 2001[2] 2
1.3 HRO HRO HRO 1996 1.1 1999 N ± N 10 1 3 HRO HRO 1.4 HRO HRO HRO HRO HRO HRO 3
1.1: HRO 1999 4
2 2.1 2.1.1 i r 2.1.2 HRO i r i = r HRO Height Ceiling 110km x 2 A 2 + y2 A 2 d 2 + z 2 A 2 =1 (2.1) d2 y y = r =(l, m, n) 1 0 ( 1984[1] n =(L, M, N) (2.1) s ( d x 2 ds A 2 + y2 A 2 d 2 + z 2 ) A 2 d 2 = d ds 1 dx ds d dx x2 A 2 + dy ds d dy dx ds 2x A 2 + dy ds y 2 A 2 d 2 + dz ds d dz 2y A 2 d 2 + dz ds z 2 A 2 d 2 =0 2z A 2 =0 (2.2) d2 1 a b = a b cos θ θ =90 a b =0 5
( ) dx ds, dy ds, dz ds t t n 90 (2.2) n t =0 L dx ds + M dy ds + N dz =0 (2.3) ds (L, M, N) = ( 2x A 2, 2y A 2 d 2, ) 2z A 2 d 2 2.1.3 x 2 A 2 + y2 A 2 d 2 + z 2 A 2 d 2x A 2 l + 2y A 2 d 2 m + 2 =1 (2.4) 2z A 2 n =0 (2.5) d2 x xyz (x, y, z) (l, m, n A d y 90 < = y < = 120 (2.6) Height Ceiling 2.1.4 (2.4),(2.5) Excel I (2.4) x (2.5) z 2 x = ( m l A 2 A 2 d 2 y + n l A 2 ) A 2 d 2 z (2.7) (2.7) (2.8) z 2 = A 2 d 2 A2 d 2 A 2 x 2 y 2 (2.8) z 2 = A 2 d 2 y 2 A2 d 2 z 2 = A 2 d 2 y 2 A 2 ( m 2 l 2 ( m l A 2 A 2 d 2 y + n l A 2 ) 2 A 2 d 2 z A 2 A 2 d 2 y2 +2 mn l 2 A 2 A 2 d 2 y z + n2 l 2 A 2 ) A 2 d 2 z2 6
{ n 2 A 2 + l 2 ( A 2 d 2)} z 2 +2mnA 2 yz + { m 2 A 2 + l 2 ( A 2 d 2)} y 2 l 2 ( A 2 d 2) =0 z z = mna2 y ± D/4 n 2 A 2 + l 2 (A 2 d 2 (2.9) ) D/4 = m 2 n 2 A 4 y 2 { n 2 A 2 + l 2 (A 2 d 2 ) }[{ m 2 A 2 + l 2 (A 2 d 2 ) } y 2 (A 2 d 2 ) 2 l 2] x, z, D/4 Microsoft Excel (1) (l, m, n) (2) d =( )/2 (3) y (4) A (3)(4) (4) 100 500 100 500 1000km (1) Sienna Starry Night 2.1.3 φ θ l =cosφ cos ( θ +90 ), m =sinφ, n =cosφ sin ( θ +90 ) 2.1.5 y α d x 0 d cos ( α +90 ) x 0 d cos ( α +90 ) x 1 y 0 0 = y 0 = y 0 d sin ( α +90 ) z 0 d sin ( α +90 ) z 0 z 1 7
(x, y, z) = (r, θ, φ) r 0 = x 2 1 + y2 0 + z2 1 ( ) x θ 0 =arccos 1 x 2 1 +z1 ( 2 ) x 2 1 φ 0 =arcsin +z2 1 y 0 α r 0 0 r 0 r 0 θ 0 α = θ 0 α = θ 1 0 φ 0 Excel x 2 = r 0 cos φ 0 cos θ 1 φ 0 φ 0 y 1 = r 0 sin φ 0 z 2 = r 0 cos φ 0 sin θ 1 (2.7),(2.9) (x 0,y 0,z 0 ) x y (x 2,y 1,z 2 ) [7] d = 2Rδ π/360 cos δ = (sinφ 0 sin φ 1 )+(cosφ 0 cos φ 1 cos λ) φ = λ = R =6,370km α υ cos υ =(sinφ 1 cos δ sin φ 0 ) / (sin δ cos φ 0 ) φ = λ = δ = P 0 P 1 λ = P 0 P 1 P 0 = P 1 = λ α = δ λ 0 180 α = 360 υ P 0 P 1 δ = P 0 P 1 υ υ 8
2.2 2.2.1 HRO HRO Dust Trail γ ι 2.2.2 HRO ICOM IC706 50MHz SSB USB 2el HB9CV 0 5D-2V 10m 53.7492MHz 2 HROFFT054 2.1: 53.750MHz HROFFT054 10 gif 1 144 Microsoft Excel HRO HRO 2001 11 18 19 2 30 4 2002 1 4 9
2.1: HROFFT 1999/12/15 0:50 HRO 2001 AMRO 2.2.3 Watec Neptune100 CCD f=6mm F0.8 60 SONY TRV-9 Mini-DV SP 2.2: 10
2001 8 20 23 6 5 18 WAT-100N OB 2001 11 18 23 4 30 2 30 4 400 ι 2002 1 4 4 30 60 1 3 1 100 2.2.4 HRO time-nw.nist.gov NTT 117 117 1 1 ±1 HRO AMRO 3 2001 11
3 3.1 HRO 1.1 x, y, z y x, z x z 3.1 2 3.2 HRO HRO x z 3.2 12
3.1: 3.2: 13
4 4.1 2 HRO 1 3 2 90 d(km) R(km) h(km) 4.1 h h = R (1 cos θ) (4.1) θ = d R (4.2) y = h 90 R =6.3 10 3 ( ( )) d 90 < = R 1 cos R < = 120 (4.3) 1.06 10 3 < = d < = 1.23 10 3 (4.4) 4.1: 14
4.2: A 2.0 10 3 P 1 R T R R (R T + R R ) (4.5) ( ) P (t) G(t) = 10 log P (t 0 ) [db] (4.6) R T R R Ohnishi2001[3]) A =2.0 10 3 A =3.6 10 2 32[dB] 1.0 10 3 0 90 1.0 10 3 1000km 2000km 1.0 10 3 HRO i r 4.2 4.2 HRO 2 0 1 4.3 15
0:00 67% 0% 0% 0:10 67% 0% 0% 0:20 78% 0% 0% 0:30 50% 0% 0% 0:40 100% 0% 0% 0:50 0% 0% 0% Average 60% 0% 0% 4.1: 4.3: = 100 % 4.1 i r 16
5 5.1 1. HRO 2. 3. km 4. HRO HRO HRO HRO 100km HRO HRO 5.2 60% 17
HRO = HRO 1 4.1 xyz 90 < = y < = 120 HRO 5.3 2002.3 HRO 2002 2002.3.28 HRO 2002 International Science Symposium on the Leonid Meteor Storms(MeSci, Tokyo, Japan, 2002.5.2), Simulation for Ditective field of HRO, Yousuke UTSUMI HRO (Ham Radio Observation) is one of the valuable methods of observing meteor. However, it has not only the advantages but defects like that it has unknown detective field of HRO. If the field would be transformed by zenithal position of radiation point, the number of meteor by HRO does not have scientific value. So, the purpose of this report is proving time change of the detective field through simulation. HRO is the meteor radar of a forward scatter system. If the surface of the meteor trail is smooth and enough size for frequency, because most of the echo is small, this system can receive echo of the meteors on that condition. The meteor touches the ellipsoid of revolution which the transmitting station and the receiving station is positioning on focus. And the meteor is height of about 100km (average height of meteor trail). We calculated the field on aforesaid condition by Microsoft Excel and figured a value of the result. Consequently, we succeed to simulate the area transition and time shift of the detective field and it is shown that this result is that HRO has the time during which HRO cannot receive in a specific meteor stream. Actually, We could not receive echo of Geminids(Dec. 12-16 1999) by using HRO at midnight. Therefore we have achieved one of the base to estimate the real number of meteor data by HRO observing. (International Science Symposium on the Leonid Meteor Storms, Abstruct) 18
Astro-HS AMRO MURO 19
[1] (1984) FM (II) 12 4-21 [2] RMG 2001 8 17 102-P112 [3] Kouji Ohnishi : The Motion of Radio Meteor Reflection Point of Geminids, November 2001, ESA SP-495 [4] McKinley D.W.R.(1961) : Meteor Science and Engineering, McGraw-Hill [5] 1999 VHF 52 191-201 [6] Jun-ichi WATANABE : Rader Observation of the Strong Activity of a Perseid Meteor Shower in 1991, Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan 44, 1992, P677-P685 [7] Q&A 1998 2 28 P66 P71 20