1,a) 1 1 1 1 2 2 2011 8 10, 2011 12 2 1 Bluetooth 36 2 3 10 70 34 A Health Management Service by Cell Phones and Its Usability Evaluation Naofumi Yoshida 1,a) Daigo Matsubara 1 Naoki Ishibashi 1 Nobuo Saito 1 Norihide Ishikawa 1 Hikaru Takei 2 Shoichi Horiguchi 2 Received: August 10, 2011, Accepted: December 2, 2011 Abstract: In this paper, we report a health management service by cell phones and its usability evaluation. Firstly, we present usability evaluation about Bluetooth pairing by comparing three paring method for 36 users. Bluetooth pairing is necessary for implementing health management service using cell phones. Secondly, we describe the usability about four communication patterns for health management service using weighting machines, sphygmomanometers, step counters, and cell phones. The evaluation was performed for 34 users from the tenth to the seventh generations. As the result, we clarify that incentives for health maintenance and smooth service implementation are important. In this paper, we report these evaluations by quantitative analysis. Keywords: mobile, health care, cell phone, usability, consumer service 1. 1 Faculty of Global Media Studies, Komazawa University, Setagaya, Tokyo 154 8525, Japan 2 NTT DoCoMo, Chiyoda, Tokyo 100 6150, Japan a) naofumi@komazawa-u.ac.jp [7] c 2012 Information Processing Society of Japan 28
1 1 2 1 1 2 1 Bluetooth 2 4 1 2 1 Bluetooth 36 2 3 10 70 34 2. Bluetooth Bluetooth 3 Bluetooth Bluetooth Bluetooth 3 (1) PIN Personal Identification Number PIN 4 16 ( 2 ) SSP Simple Secure Paring (1) PIN PIN (3) EIR Enhanced Inquiry Response PIN 2.1 ( ) Bluetooth Bluetooth A4 A ( ) 3 1 ( )3 Bluetooth 3 3 2.2 1 2 c 2012 Information Processing Society of Japan 29
4 Bluetooth Fig. 4 Result of Bluetooth pairing. 1 Fig. 1 Bluetooth User profiles for Bluetooth pairing. 5 Bluetooth 3 Fig. 5 Comparison of three methods for Bluetooth pairing. 2 Bluetooth Fig. 2 Experiences of cell phones for Bluetooth pairing (years). 6 Bluetooth Fig. 6 Comparison of degree of user-friendly for Bluetooth pairing. 3 Bluetooth Fig. 3 Experiences of Bluetooth for Bluetooth pairing. 2.3 Bluetooth Bluetooth 3 Bluetooth Bluetooth PC 4 3 SSP EIR PIN EIR 2 0 EIR SSP SSP EIR 5 3 6 EIR SSP PIN SSP EIR EIR 2.4 3 2.5 1 2.2 2.3 Bluetooth Bluetooth c 2012 Information Processing Society of Japan 30
Bluetooth 2 SSP EIR SSP EIR EIR 3 (1) EIR (2) EIR SSP (3) EIR 3 3. 3.1 4 4 7 A FeliCa FeliCa B Bluetooth BT C Bluetooth BTPC D Bluetooth BTAP 7 FeliCa Bluetooth 3.2 34 A B 1 2 3 7 4 Fig. 7 Overview of four patterns for usability evaluation. c 2012 Information Processing Society of Japan 31
1 Table 1 User profiles: Male/Female. 2 Table 2 User profile: Using cell phones. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) FeliCa ( ) ( ) WWW PC ( ) ADSL ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) A D 3.3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8 9 10 11 268 34 3 Table 3 User profiles: Using internet on cell phones. 4 FeliCa Table 4 User profiles: Using mobile FeliCa service on cell phones. 5 Table 5 User profiles: Using apps on cell phones. 6 WWW Table 6 User profiles: Devices for internet (WWW) access. 7 Table 7 User profiles: Using weighting machines. 8 Table 8 User profiles: Using sphygmomanometers. 9 Table 9 User profiles: Using step counters. 10 Table 10 User profiles: Using health management services. c 2012 Information Processing Society of Japan 32
8 Fig. 8 User profiles: Age. 1 8.88 2 12 13 14 15 16 11 12 13 14 15 A D 17 16 17 9 Fig. 9 User profiles: Internet access environment. 12 Table 12 Experimental result: Difficulty of operation for application. 13 Table 13 Experimental result: Difficulty of operation for weight machines. 14 Table 14 Experimental result: Difficulty of operation for sphygmomanometers. 10 A D Fig. 10 User profiles: Ratio of patterns from A to D. Table 11 11 Experimental result: Times of measurement. c 2012 Information Processing Society of Japan 33
15 Table 15 Experimental result: Difficulty of operation for step counters. 16 Table 16 Experimental result: Convenience. 14 Fig. 14 Experimental result: Difficulty of operation for step counters. 11 Fig. 11 Experimental result: Difficulty of operation for application. 15 Fig. 15 Experimental result: Convenience. 17 Table 17 Experimental result: Future. 12 Fig. 12 Experimental result: Difficulty of operation for weight machines. 16 Fig. 16 Experimental result: Future. 13 Fig. 13 Experimental result: Difficulty of operation for sphygmomanometers. 3.4 1 1 10 8 10 11 2 17 (a) 75% B BT Bluetooth 30% A FeliCa FeliCa 54% FeliCa C BTPC Bluetooth c 2012 Information Processing Society of Japan 34
17 A D Fig. 17 Experimental result: Comparison from A to D. D BTAP Bluetooth 3 23 67% 4 24 71% 5 32.99% 35.78% 33.43% 6 6% 82% 12% 0% 88% 4. 1 Bluetooth 2 3 10 70 34 1 PC c 2012 Information Processing Society of Japan 35
1 1 [1] Ishikawa, N., Kato, T., Sumino, H., Murakami, S. and Hjelm, J.: PUCC Architecture, Protocols and Applications, 4th IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (2007). [2] P2P OSGi & CDS 1 2010 12 15 [3] Peer to Peer Universal Computing Consortium, available from http://pucc.jp/. [4] Bluetooth, available from https://www.bluetooth.org/apps/content/. [5] FeliCa, available from http://www.sony.co.jp/products/felica/. [6] Continua, available from http://www.continuaalliance.org/. [7] http://www.docomo.biz/html/solution/all/wellness/ A.1 1. ( ) ( ) 3 P 1 1 2. 5 3. ( ) ( ) PIN 1. 2. Bluetooth 0000 SSP 1. EIR 10-15 4. ( ) ( ) 5. 6. 1996 1998 2001 2001 2006 2006 SFC 2006 2010 2010 5 9 Tampere University of Technology Pori Finland ACM IEEE-CS c 2012 Information Processing Society of Japan 36
1999 2002 2011 1996 1998 2002 2002 2004 2005 Governance Design Laboratory 2007 1966 1974 1978 1987 1990 1995 2001 2006 2011 1980 NTT1999 NTT 2010 4 IEEE 2003 NTT 2007 1991 NTT VLKB 3 2000 NTT Bluetooth Zigbee FeliCa NFC RFID ICT c 2012 Information Processing Society of Japan 37