C 2 H 4 N 2 O 2 LPG LIF 13
2.1 2.1.1 2.1 2.2 115mm70mm 727cm 3 Hand Pump Injector Driver Computer Constant Volume Chamber Injector Piezo-electronic transducer Fan Spark Plug Temperature Indicator C 2 H 2 O 2 N 2 Vacuum Pump 2.1 14
Injector Fan Spark Plug Piezo Bolt Outlet Valve Prism Inlet Valve O ring Glass Spark Plug 2.2 2.1.2 2.3 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 Pump Pressure A p 80 A f 36 Injection Pressure Hydraulic Booster Schematic Injector Driver Hydraulic Booster Hand Pump Input A Two-way 2Way Valve Valve Inlet Orifice Outlet Orifice Control Chamber 2.3 15
1 F p 2 F f F F p f = P A (2.1) p f p = P A (2.2) f P p, P f 1 2 [MPa] A p, A f 1 [m 2 ] F = F p f (2.1)(2.2) P f ( Ap Af ) Pp = (2.3) 1 5027 mm 2 2 1018 mm 2 1 61 MPa 2 300 MPa (38) Fuel out Fuel in 2.4 LPG 16
2.1.3 (1) 2 2000mm 1 2.5 2.1 LPG Ar Laser 2.1 Ar Laser Expander INNOVA 70A Mirror Coherent Laser Group Concave Mirror Mirror Spray Concave Mirror PS7365 HD0202 3 20810% VAC 50 or 60 Hz, 50 A 10 ~ 35 8.5 L/min LO 0.12.0 W MED 0.14.0 W Knife Edge High Speed Camera HI 0.110.0 W 43 kg 34 kg (39) 2.5 17
(2) Mie 2.6 2.2 2.3 (LS20-10Oxford Laser 511 nm/ 578 nm)2 70 mm0.8 mm FASTCAM-ultima-UV1PHOTRON AD AD 9000 frames/s Optical Fiber Optical Lens Common Rail Injector Copper Vapor Laser Injection Driver Booster Pump Constant Volume Chamber Monitor Interface Circuit High Speed Video Camera Computer (Injection Control) 2.6 18
2.2 LS20-1-10 Oxford Lasers Ltd. 510.6 mm/578.2 mm / 20 W 30 W 2030 ns 10kHz210kHz 25 mm 2.3 FASTCAM-ultima-UV1 PHOTRON 100ns ( ) 100ns1s( ) 45kHz max. ( ) 100ns (DC) 100ns, 200ns, 500ns 1s, 10s,100s 100ns5ns( ) 130ns5ns( ) 1ns max. 19
(3) LIF 2.7 2.4 Pulse Generator Nd:YAG (266 nm) Cooler Temperature Controller Nd-YAG Laser (266 nm) Data Sampling Spectroscope Heater Sampling Chamber K Nd-YAG Laser Control Unit 2.7 2.4 MS 257 170 nm24 m 220 nm257.4 nm 23.66 1.510-5 633 nm 20 nm 1 2 3 4 50506 nm 0.1 nm <0.15 nm 0.1 nm 0.15 nm 20
(4) LIF LIF 2.8 2.52.8 NdYAG Spectra-Physics : GCR1504 (266nm) 10 mm 2 70 mm 0.3 mm CCD OH 2.8 LIF 21
2.5 Nd-YAG ( ) GCR-150 (10Hz) Spectra Physics INC. 10 Hz 114 Hz 10 mm <0.5 ns <10 mm -1 >95% 99% / 1 <0.5 mrad <100 mrad 190250 V5%30 A50/60 Hz nm 1064 532 355 266 mj 650 300 150 70 nsec 89 67 56 45 <2% <3% <4% <8% <3% <5% <6% <10% 2.6 LIF ICCD La Vision Flame Star 2F CCD TH 7883 I/I I/I I/I Gen PD9942170 18 mm 1.27 : 1 CCD 190900 nm P43 CCD 576 384 CCD 23 m 2 1.8 MHz 100 counts/photoelectron (max) 5 nsec >8 pixel/sec 14 bit 22
2.7 ICCD UV 2.8 LIF OH UV-Nikkor F 105 mm F / 4.5 (5) La Vision GMBH 307 nm 5 nm 15.0 % 50 mm 2.9 2.9 (6) OH LIF OH Wavelength nm 2.10 2.8 YAG 4 266nm OH 266.13nm OH00 307 nm I/I CCD OH 23
2.1.4 2.9 LPG n- LPG n- 7030 n- LPG LNG 2.11 LPG 10 MPa (40) 2.9 LPG LPG n- n- (70%) (30%) C 12 H 26 C 4 H 10 C 3 H 8 170.34 58.12 44.1 216.5-0.45-42.05 358.15 152.01 96.67 g/ml 0.75 0.50 0.67 J/kg 42.5 45.76 46.4 kj/g 256.19 385.52 426.0 mn/m 28.5 18.4 9.22 mm 2 /s 3.5 - - 38~43 - - - 94 112 Vapor Pressure MPa 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 P inj = 10 or 15MPa Vapor pressurecurve P a = 1.0 MPa P a = 0.2 MPa 0.0 200 250 300 350 400 450 Temprarure K 2.11 LPG 24
2.2 2.2.1 ( +2179) 21 ( + 0100) 3 2.4 C 2 H 4 3O 2 ao 2 bn 2 2CO 2 2H 2 OaO 2 bn 2 2.4 2.7 3 2.4 3O 2 ao 2 5 MPa 3.56.08.0 /m 3 3 2.10 2.11 25
2.10 C 2 H 4 O 2 N 2 4 33 63 4 15 81 (40) 2.11 C 2 H 4 /K vol./vol. 28.054 47.17 2.7 3.56.08.0 [/m 3 ] 5 2.12 A/D PC 2.12 2.2.2 LPG 20 2.13 26
2.14 2.5 2.6 10 mm 2.15 5 V 1.3 ms LPG F t = ( m & t) v (2.5) Injection Duration 2.13 M m & = V (2.6) V dt Injection Duration t v m& V M 2.14 Injection Duration 2.75 ms 2.0 ms 2.15 27
2.2.3 10100ns C=O C=C C=OC=C LPG LPG LIF (4143) YAG LPG Nd-YAG 4 266nm LPG DEMA 2.12 2.1617 LPG 400nm LPG LPG 91 400500nm 360480nm LPGDEMA 300nm DEMA 266nm 532nm 307nm LIF ND 28
(40) 2.12 Acetone Acetaldehyde DEMA C 3 H 6 O 58.08 K g/ml 369.5 0.790 CH 3 CHO 44.05 293.6 0.778 (C 2 H 5 ) 2 NCH 3 87.17 338.0 0.720 14000 14000 12000 Liquid LPG 12000 Gas LPG 10000 8000 6000 4000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 2000 0 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 Gas LPG+Acetone 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560 Gas Acetone 0 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560 Empty Chamber Liquid Acetone 2.16 29
14000 14000 12000 Gas LPG+DEMA+ 12000 Liquid LPG+DEMA+ 10000 8000 6000 4000 Fluorobenzene 10000 8000 6000 4000 Fluorobenzene 2000 2000 0 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560 0 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560 14000 12000 Gas LPG+DEMA 14000 12000 Liquid LPG+DEMA 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560 14000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 Gas Acetaldehyde 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 Liquid Acetaldehyde 2000 0 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560 2000 0 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560 2.17 30