4 4 11 4 1 4 4 2 4 4 4 4
3 1
14 5 11 7 9 10 30 10 3 10 4 1 191 2 35 12
5 1872 35 1902 12 1923 2. 1 35 1902 1 12 2 5 1 35 1:1 6 1 M 36/5/3 8 1919 11 1922
11 1:5 12 1: 9 2. 2 1 30 4 4 1:5 4 11 1:6 8 11 1:8 10 2 1:9 3 2 10 T 11/12/01 2. 3 7 balloon 2
3 3 10 Yellow Kid, 1896 29 The Katzenjammer kids, 1897 30 Buster Brown, 1902 35 4 Little Jimmy, 1904 37 Polly and her Pals, 1912
4 Buster Brown 1902 M35 3 12 12 12 1923 9 1 12 1937 1 3 12 1923 9 12
1937 7 138 1:14 150 8 3. 1 1 9 12 1:14 5 1:5 12 1:12 12 1923 12 1937 138 101 73.2 37 10 26.8 1 5 T12 Yellow Kid, 1896 29
The Katzenjammer Kids, 1897 30 1907 40 Mutt and Jeff 11 Frederic Hudson 12 11 1922 22 2 8 1 2 2 12
2 T12 T14 S5 S5 S6 S6 S7 S11 T14 S4 S6 S8 S9 S9 S10 S11 1937 13 3. 2 4 4 38 1905 14 95 51 4 4
4 4 12 1923 1:12 6 12 1923 4 29 8 6 6 8 T 12, 06, 09 6 T 12, 10, 21 4 T 12, 11, 26
8 8 12 1923 10 21 17 6 11 26 4 3 12 1923 4 4 4 4 12 1923 12 1937 138 4 103 15 74.6 2 4 92 9 4 4 16 4 2 4
3. 3 1:14 Pip, Squeak and Wilfred, 1919 8 17 4 1: 41 6 1:60 3
12 1923 12 1937 138 3 63 45.6 53 38.4 19 13.8 3 2.218 12 1923 12 1937 6 1931 4 1 67 16 : 24 2 168 47 : 28 10 1935 3 367 33 : 9 10 4 1 12 10 06 09 2 06 10 12 07 3 10 01 12 07
3 1915 20 1945 3 11 12 5 6 14 15 20 19 6 1931 12 1923 12 20 30 10 6 1931
3. 4 4 1:14 12 1:15 13 1: 20 1:5 13 1924 7 21 20 10 7 T 13/11/9 4 12 20 6 1931 12 1937 16 1941
10 13 1938 12 1:153 15 1:175 12 1937 7 41 4. 1 41 4. 2 4 12 1937 4 41 37 4 8 9 3 3 13 1:158 8 12 33
4. 3 17 1: 191 8 8 4 S 13/1/3 5 2 4 12 1923 12 11 1922 22
23 12 1923 Little Jimmy, 1904 37 Polly and her Pals, 1912 45 Bringing Up Father, 1913
2 4 4 9 5 9 12 1923 4
10 10 4 1 No. 1 M 35/09 2 T 03/07 3 T 08/06 4 T 08/06 5 T 11/02 4 6 T 11/03 8 7 T 11/07 6, 8 8 T 11/10 2 10 9 T 12/04 3 10 T 12/04 2 8 11 T12 12 T 12/04 8, 6 13 T 12/06 4 14 T 12/10 4 15 T 12/11 4 16 T 13/03 4 17 T 13/04 2 18 T 13/06 4 19 T 13/06 4 20 T 13/11 4 21 T 14/01 4 22 T 14/01 4 23 T 14/02 4 24 T 14/03 6, 4 25 T 14/04 4 26 T 14/04 4 27 T 14/06 4 28 T 14/08 4 29 T 14/09 4 30 T 14/10 4 31 T 15/03 3, 4 32 T 15/08 3 33 S 02/01 9 34 S 03/07 7 35 S 03/11 6 36 S 03/12 2 37 S 04/01 4 38 S 04/02 4 39 S 04/04 4 40 S 04/06 4 41 S 04/04 5 42 S 04/05 5
43 S 04/06 4 44 S 05/01 5 45 S05 3 46 S 05/05 5 47 S 05/06 4 48 S 05/09 4 49 S 05/11 5 50 S 05/11 4 51 S 05/12 8 52 S 06/04 2 53 S 06/04 2 54 S 06/05 4 55 S 06/05 4 56 S 06/06 4 57 S 06/08 5 58 S 06/09 4 59 S 06/09 6 60 S 06/11 4 61 S 06/12 4 62 S 06/12 6 63 S 07/01 4 64 S 07/01 4 65 S 07/02 4 66 S 07/04 4 67 S 07/04 8 68 S 07/04 4 69 S 07/05 4 70 S 07/05 6 71 S 07/06 4 72 S 07/06 4 73 S 07/06 4 74 S 07/07 4 75 S 07/08 4 76 S 07/08 4 77 S 07/09 4 78 S 07/10 4 79 S 07/12 4 80 S 08/01 4 81 S 08/01 4 82 S 08/02 6 83 S 08/02 4 84 S 08/03 4 85 S 08/03 4 86 S 08/03 4 87 S 08/04 4 88 S 08/04 4 89 S 08/05 5 90 S 08/06 4 91 S 08/09 4 92 S 09/01 3 93 S 09/01 4 94 S 09/02 8 95 S 09/03 4 96 S 09/03 3 97 S 09/04 4 98 S 09/04 9 99 S 09/05 4 100 S 09/06 4 101 S 09/07 3 102 S 09/07 4 103 S 09/08 4 104 S 09/08 4 105 S 09/10 4
106 S 10/01 4 107 S 10/01 4 108 S 10/01 4 109 S 10/03 4 110 S 10/04 4 111 S 10/06 4 112 S 10/06 4 113 S 10/07 8 114 S 10/07 4 115 S 10/07 14 116 S 10/08 4 117 S 10/09 4 118 S 10/09 4 119 S 10/10 4 120 S 10/11 4 121 S 10/11 4 122 S 11/01 4 123 S 11/01 4 124 S 11/01 4 125 S 11/02 4 126 S 11/03 4 127 S 11/05 4 128 S 11/05 4 129 S 11/06 4 130 S 11/06 4 131 S 11/08 4 132 S 11/09 4 133 S 11/10 4 134 S 11/10 4 135 S 11/10 4 136 S 11/12 8 137 S 11/12 6, 9 138 S 11/12 10 139 S 11/12 6 140 S 12/01 4 141 S 12/01 4 142 S 12/01 4 143 S 12/01 4 144 S 12/01 4 145 S 12/02 4 146 S 12/02 8 147 S 12/03 4 148 S 12/03 4 149 S 12/04 7 150 S 12/06 4 151 S 12/08 4 152 S 12/08 4 153 S 12/08 4 154 S 12/09 4 155 S 13/01 4 156 S 13/02 4 157 S 13/04 4 158 S 13/06 8, 12 159 S 13/08 4 160 S 13/11 4 161 S 13/11 4 162 S 13/12 4 163 S 14/01 4 164 S 14/03 4 165 S 14/06 4 166 S 14/07 4 167 S 14/08 3 168 S 14/09 8 4
169 S 15/02 4 170 S 15/04 4 171 S 15/06 4 172 S 15/07 3 173 S 15/09 4 174 S 15/12 4 175 S 15/12 4 176 S 15/12 4 177 S 15/12 4 178 S 16/01 4 179 S 16/03 4 180 S 16/04 4 181 S 16/07 4 182 S 16/07 4 183 S 16/07 4 184 S 16/09 4 185 S 16/10 4 186 S 17/01 3 187 S 17/03 4 188 S 17/04 4 189 S 17/04 4 190 S 17/07 4 191 S 17/10 4 M T S 123 2009 1 2008, p. 39 1969 1977 1949 1981 10 1:1 1 1 2005, p. 15 138 1 14 150 137
11 13 159 2. 1 14 Coulton Waugh The Comics New York, Macmillan, 1947 No one can wait a week for a laugh ; it must come in daily with our coffee. Cartoon America : Comic Art in the Library of Congress, Edited by Harry Katz, Harry N. Abrams, Inc. 2006, p. 130 1981, 2006 9 p. 196 38 4 15 45 5 1 45 6 1 4 12 20 8 8 1 12 6 1 3 7 1 16 3 1 1985 14 4 2, 3 4 4 17 2 1973, p. 57 11 2007 3 31 p. 54 1995, p. 193 89 2007, p. 137 1977 KINDERVULTURE
http : //www.eonet.ne.jp/ kinderculture/shiryouroom 1 1.htm 2001 8 25 12 14 2004, p. 119 1973 17 2 2007 11 2007 89 Coulton Waugh 1947 The Comics New York, Macmillan 1977 1969 1977 1949 1985 1995 2005 2008 2004 1970 1981 Web KINDERVULTURE http : //www.eonet.ne.jp/ kinderculture/shiryoushitsu. htm 2001 2009 7 30 2009 9 9
The Transition of Newspaper Comic Strips Style How today s style formed En Jyo Particularly, comic strips today usually 1 are serialized on newspapers everyday, with a continuing character and story, 2 are formed by four continuing frames, called four-frame comic strip, and3 use speech balloons to show characters dialogues. However, in the early stage of 20th century, when comic strips first appeared in Japan, they usually 1 were serialized once a week, mostly on Sunday, 2 had unfixed number of frames, 3 had captions under or beside every frame instead of speech balloons. The purpose of this study is to understand why and how comic strips in Japan changed their styles. In this paper, I picked up 191 comic strips published in main newspapers in Tokyo from 1900 to 1945, discussing the transformation of their style. In conclusion, I find out that the year 1923, when Kanto earthquake happened, is a major turning point, and in 1930s it was finally shaped into today s style. In this process, the development of children s culture and the comic strips style in the western countries exerted a lot of influence. Key words : comic strip, four-frame, speech balloon, children s culture, western influence