2014 5 16 2013 9 1 2014 4 4 137 1 10 1 1 2 20 3.6 17 1
3 5 8 8 11 12 15 15 16 18 20 21 23 1-1 25 1-2 26 2 1 =E 15 27 2 2 E n E 15 28 3 29 4 30 5 32 6 33 2
1 1 2011 4 12 137 6.1E 15 1.2E 16 1-1 2012 9 8 4 3 2012 3 3 4500 3
10 1 2 20 1-2 137 1.5E 16 137 10 n E n 10 16 10 16 E 16 1 10 16 E 16 Cs137 10 15 E 15 10 13 E 13 10 Cs137 300t 10 12 E 12 10 9 E 9 10 8 E 8 10 6 E 6 10 4 E 4 10 3 E 3 4
ECRR 2012 7 9 105 2 2 137 2.6 11 2009 UNSCEAR 2011 4 1991 3.8E 16 137 3.6E 16 23.3 50.1 35.8 3 5
3 2012 108 109 137 3 133 9 6
50 11 2 137 3.0E 16 1 12 2 7
Fukushima Accident Radioactivity Impact on the Environment (2013 9 1 2 ) 2 JAEA 10 1 14 8
10 137 1 137 0.94 ROMS 14 2-1 2-2 4 9
4 3 (Bq) (%) (%) ( ) (Bq) 85 Kr 8.37E+16 100 100 8.37E+16 (Bq) / ( ) 133 Xe 1.20E+19 100 100 1.20E+19 6.5E+18 1.85 133 I 5.27E+17 8.0 8.0 4.22E+16 131 I 6.01E+18 2.6 32 34.6 2.08E+18 1.76E+18 1.18 134 Cs 7.19E+17 2.4 20 0.49 22.89 1.65E+17 5.4E+16 3.06 137 Cs 7.00E+17 2.2 20 0.50 22.70 1.59E+17 8.5E+16 1.87 129m Te 1.89E+17 1.8 1.8 3.40E+15 132 Te 8.69E+18 1.0 1.0 8.69E+16 1.15E+18 0.0756 89 Sr 5.93E+18 0.033 1.2 1.233 7.31E+16 1.15E+17 0.636 90 Sr 5.22E+17 0.027 1.6 0.000010 1.62701 8.49E+15 1.0E+16 0.849 144 Ce 5.92E+18 0.00019 0.00003 0.00022 1.30E+13 1.16E+17 0.00012 238 Pu 1.47E+16 0.00013 0.00013 1.91E+10 3.5E+13 0.00055 239 Pu 2.62E+15 0.00012 0.00012 3.14E+9 3.0E+13 0.00011 240 Pu 3.27E+15 0.00010 0.00010 3.27E+9 4.2E+13 0.000078 242 Cm 2.83E+17 0.00004 0.00004 1.13E+11 9.0E+14 0.00013 99 Mo 1.14E+19 1.68E+17 99m Tc 9.98E+18 0.58 0.58 5.79E+16 110m Ag 1.64E+16 125 Sb 4.31E+16 0.015 0.00028 0.01528 6.59E+12 136 Cs 2.18E+17 17 17 3.71E+16 241 Pu 6.0E+15 241 Am 1.55E+15 244 Cm 8.64E+15 54 Mn 2.83E+14 0.016 0.016 4.53E+10 60 Co 9.42E+12 0.11 0.11 1.04E+9 2 2-1 2-2 3 2011 3 12 5 2011 5 1 0 JAEA 10 JAEA 10
137 20 2.2 0.5 22.7 1 3 70E+16 70 15.9E+16 1.5E 16 10 9 8.5E+16 1.9 1991 137 3.8E+16 4.2 9.0E 15 0.9E 16 17.7 90 0.63 6 1.1 Epilogue 369 4 1 3 4 11
2011 4 1 135 4 3.6E 16 5.1 137 3 23.3 50.1 5.01E 16 7.2 4 137 3.6 41 2.23E 16 3.2 4.1E 16 5.9 5 14.0E 16 20.0 23.11E 16 33.0 2.7 1991 6.1 25.7 5 12
5 137 A. 70.0E 16 100 B. 5.0E 16 7.2 14.0E 16 20.0 4.1E 16 5.9 23.1E 16 33.0 C. 10.0E 16 2.3 8.5E 16 2.7 3.8E 16 6.1 0.9E 16 25.7 D 8.9E 13 D 562 B D 1573 D 461 D 2597 E 2,471 D 562 16=8,992 3.6 D 2,600 16=41,600 16.8 137 134 1 1 1 0.6 ENENEWS 137 134 105 181 6 137 134 13.9E 16 18.1E 16 137 134 15 81 271 137 13
2 2 2 20 168 2600 Wikipedia 171 2.5 16 168 2.7 562 9 3.6 Wikipedia 9 42 14
2014 4 12 2013 8 19 8000 2 8000 3.5 300 30 300 84 8.4E 13 300 137 8.9E 13 6 94 90 5.8E 13 1.45 14.7E 13 57 16 300 5 15
6 300 A 300 300 1000 2.8E 8 8.4E 13 B 137 8.9E 13 90 5.8E 13 14.7E 13 C 300 137 94 1 90 1.45 1 137 90 57 0.6 1 400 1 2 1000 33 2014 4 5 48 8 1 4.8E 8 48 2.8E 8 13.4E+16 137 90 137 8.5E 16 90 1.0E 16 9.5E 16 1.4 137 3.8E 16 90 0.8E 16 4.6E 16 2.9 137 14E 16 90 0.85E 16 16
14.9E 16 2013 8 23 33 2 7000 2.64E+16 3.5 1.45 7 A 48 1000 2.8 13.4E 16 B A 137 8.5E 16 90 1.0E 16 9.5E 16 1.4 137 3.8E 16 90 0.8E 16 4.6E 16 2.9 C A 137 14E 16 90 0.85E 16 14.85E 16 0.9 137 1.5E 16 90 0.014E 16 1.514E 16 8.9 D A 137 8.9E 13 90 5.8E 13 14.7E 13 910 2013 8 23 17
2014 2 20 100 1 2 3000 2 8000 2014 4 14 203 1 3700 2 8000 1.4 2.9 1 3700 137 1.8E 16 8.5E 16 3.8E 16 2 1.5E 16 400 1 2011 5 1 0 20 41 55 10 18
2014 6 24 100 13 300 ALPS 3.4E 15 8.3E 14 2014 4 24 ALPS 2013 9 2 2014 5 21 2011 3 17 19
10 1 2 20 20
2 1 4 5 3 2 1 4 189E 16 1 3 70E 16 259E 16 3.7 2014 5 9 137 1 7500 2 500 1 1.75 2.05E 16 1.5E 16 27 37 21
Japan Times 2014 5 10 The total amount of radioactive cesium-137 released into the atmosphere and seawater from the crippled Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant 137 137 2-2 1.75 2.05E 16 1.9E 16 2.7 2.2 0.5 1.89E 16 Japan News 2014 4 17 2011 2011 22
1 Pavel P. Povinec, Katsumi Hirose, Michio Aoyama; Fukushima Accident Radioactivity Impact on the Environment; Elsevier (2013) 2 2014 1 3 A. Stohl et al.; Xenon-133 and caesium-137 releases into the atmosphere from the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant: determination of the source term, atmospheric dispersion, and deposition; Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics; 2011; www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/11/28319/2011/doi:10.5194/acpd-11-28319-2011 4 Charles Lester et al.; Report on the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Disaster and Radioactivity along the California Coast; State of California Natural Resource Agency California Coastal Commission; 2014; http://documents.coastal.ca.gov/reports/2014/5/f10b-5-2014.pdf 5 P. Bailly du Bois et al; Estimation of marine source-term following Fukushima Dai-ichi accident; Journal of Environmental Radioactivity Volume 114, December 2012, Pages 2 9 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/s0265931x1100289x 6 Lester ENENEWS http://enenews.com/govt-report-fukushima-already-released-181-quadrillion-bq-ces ium-chernobyl-estimated-105-quadrillion-radioactive-material-continue-flowing-oc ean-years-fukushima-radionuclides-spread-north-pac 7 UNSCEAR; ANNEX J Exposures and effects of Chernobyl accident http://www.unscear.org/docs/reports/2000/volume%20ii_effects/annexj_pages%2 0451-566.pdf 8 2012 92012 10 2012 https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/taesj/advpub/0/advpub_j11.040/_pdf 11 23
http://acsir.org/data/20121102_yagasaki_n.pdf 12 msv 2012 11 132 http://chikyunoko.exblog.jp/ 13 A.V. V.B. N.E. 2013 14 137 CS 2011 11 V11002 http://criepi.denken.or.jp/jp/kenkikaku/cgi-bin/report_download.cgi?download_name =V11002&report_cde=V11002 15 2014 16 2013 10 21 http://www.asiapress.org/apn/archives/2013/10/21111623.php 17 2014 5 19 2014 7 24
1-1 2011 4 12 INES http://www.meti.go.jp/press/2011/04/20110412001/20110412001-1.pdf 25
1-2 26
2011 8 26 10 20 http://www.meti.go.jp/press/2011/08/20110826010/20110826010-2.pdf 2 1 =E 15 IAEA 4 27
2 2 E n E 15 Pavel P. Povinec, Katsumi Hirose, Michio Aoyama; Fukushima Accident Radioactivity Impact on the Environment; Elsevier (2013) 1 P.125 127 28
3 4 29
4 30
7 31
5 http://www.meti.go.jp/press/2011/08/20110826010/20110826010-2.pdf 32
( ) 1951 5 40 1951 7 71.9 1952 7 104 1953 11 252.4 1955 14 167.8 1955 56 4 0.01 0.1 1957 29 343.74 1957-58 57 58 58A 5 0.5 1958 37 45.8 1962-63 48 1442.8* 1962 4 2.19 171 2471.23 *Wikipedia Wikipedia http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%e6%a0%b8%e5%ae%9f%e9%a8%93%e3%81%ae%e4%b8%80%e8 %A6%A7 http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88%e3%83%a9%e3%83%83%e3%82%af%e3% 82%B9%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%A6 33