PowerPoint プレゼンテーション

Similar documents
Ando_JournalClub_160708

PowerPoint Presentation

浜松医科大学紀要

Fig. 3 Flow diagram of image processing. Black rectangle in the photo indicates the processing area (128 x 32 pixels).

塗装深み感の要因解析

Contents 1. Ia? 2. Ia 3. WISH Ia cosmology 4. WISH Ia + rate 5.

Study on Application of the cos a Method to Neutron Stress Measurement Toshihiko SASAKI*3 and Yukio HIROSE Department of Materials Science and Enginee

理論懇2014

1.7 D D 2 100m 10 9 ev f(x) xf(x) = c(s)x (s 1) (x + 1) (s 4.5) (1) s age parameter x f(x) ev 10 9 ev 2

kubostat2017b p.1 agenda I 2017 (b) probability distribution and maximum likelihood estimation :

2 1 ( ) 2 ( ) i

dark matter density profiles


inflation.key

The Evaluation on Impact Strength of Structural Elements by Means of Drop Weight Test Elastic Response and Elastic Limit by Hiroshi Maenaka, Member Sh

PowerPoint Presentation

Microsoft PowerPoint - Ppt ppt[読み取り専用]

Huawei G6-L22 QSG-V100R001_02

SFN

Visual Evaluation of Polka-dot Patterns Yoojin LEE and Nobuko NARUSE * Granduate School of Bunka Women's University, and * Faculty of Fashion Science,


A Nutritional Study of Anemia in Pregnancy Hematologic Characteristics in Pregnancy (Part 1) Keizo Shiraki, Fumiko Hisaoka Department of Nutrition, Sc

A Feasibility Study of Direct-Mapping-Type Parallel Processing Method to Solve Linear Equations in Load Flow Calculations Hiroaki Inayoshi, Non-member

Microsoft Word - mitomi_v06.doc

21 Effects of background stimuli by changing speed color matching color stimulus

銀河団衝突にともなう 高温ガスの運動がひきおこす特徴的な磁場構造 (Takizawa 2008 ApJ, 687, 951)

Developement of Plastic Collocation Method Extension of Plastic Node Method by Yukio Ueda, Member Masahiko Fujikubo, Member Masahiro Miura, Member Sum

kubostat2018d p.2 :? bod size x and fertilization f change seed number? : a statistical model for this example? i response variable seed number : { i

_念3)医療2009_夏.indd

Corrections of the Results of Airborne Monitoring Surveys by MEXT and Ibaraki Prefecture


The Effect of the Circumferential Temperature Change on the Change in the Strain Energy of Carbon Steel during the Rotatory Bending Fatigue Test by Ch

global global mass region (matter ) & (I) M3Y semi-microscopic int. Ref.: H. N., P. R. C68, ( 03) N. P. A722, 117c ( 03) Proc. of NENS03 (to be

Gravothermal Catastrophe & Quasi-equilibrium Structure in N-body Systems

yasi10.dvi

,.,.,,.,,.,,,,,.,,,.,.,,,.,,.,,,,,,,.,,.,,.,,,,.,,,,,,.,,.,,.,.,,,,,,.,,,,.

JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION FOR PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY VOL. 66, NO. 6 (Nov., 2001) (Received August 10, 2001; accepted November 9, 2001) Alterna

The Evaluation of LBB Behavior and Crack Opening Displacement on Statically Indeterminate Piping System Subjected to Monotonic Load The plastic collap

Fig. 1. Schematic drawing of testing system. 71 ( 1 )

On the Detectability of Earthquakes and Crustal Movements in and around the Tohoku District (Northeastern Honshu) (I) Microearthquakes Hiroshi Ismi an

Fig. 3 Coordinate system and notation Fig. 1 The hydrodynamic force and wave measured system Fig. 2 Apparatus of model testing


Estimation of Photovoltaic Module Temperature Rise Motonobu Yukawa, Member, Masahisa Asaoka, Non-member (Mitsubishi Electric Corp.) Keigi Takahara, Me

Study of the "Vortex of Naruto" through multilevel remote sensing. Abstract Hydrodynamic characteristics of the "Vortex of Naruto" were investigated b

kubostat2015e p.2 how to specify Poisson regression model, a GLM GLM how to specify model, a GLM GLM logistic probability distribution Poisson distrib

Isogai, T., Building a dynamic correlation network for fat-tailed financial asset returns, Applied Network Science (7):-24, 206,

4 19


Fig. 1 Experimental apparatus.

Spacecraft Propulsion Using Solar Energy Spacecraft with Magnetic Field Light from the Sun Solar Wind Thrust Mirror Solar Sail Thrust production by li

1 Stata SEM LightStone 3 2 SEM. 2., 2,. Alan C. Acock, Discovering Structural Equation Modeling Using Stata, Revised Edition, Stata Press.


80 X 1, X 2,, X n ( λ ) λ P(X = x) = f (x; λ) = λx e λ, x = 0, 1, 2, x! l(λ) = n f (x i ; λ) = i=1 i=1 n λ x i e λ i=1 x i! = λ n i=1 x i e nλ n i=1 x

Journal of Geography 116 (6) Configuration of Rapid Digital Mapping System Using Tablet PC and its Application to Obtaining Ground Truth

CPP46 UFO Image Analysis File on yucatan091206a By Tree man (on) BLACK MOON (Kinohito KULOTSUKI) CPP46 UFO 画像解析ファイル yucatan091206a / 黒月樹人 Fig.02 Targe

宇宙理論研究室ガイダンス

Studies of Foot Form for Footwear Design (Part 9) : Characteristics of the Foot Form of Young and Elder Women Based on their Sizes of Ball Joint Girth


EQUIVALENT TRANSFORMATION TECHNIQUE FOR ISLANDING DETECTION METHODS OF SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR -REACTIVE POWER PERTURBATION METHODS USING AVR OR SVC- Ju

九州大学学術情報リポジトリ Kyushu University Institutional Repository 看護師の勤務体制による睡眠実態についての調査 岩下, 智香九州大学医学部保健学科看護学専攻 出版情報 : 九州大学医学部保健学

Motivation and Purpose There is no definition about whether seatbelt anchorage should be fixed or not. We tested the same test conditions except for t

Time Variation of Earthquake Volume and Energy-Density with Special Reference to Tohnankai and Mikawa Earthquake Akira IKAMi and Kumizi IIDA Departmen

MW鹿児島

..,,...,..,...,,.,....,,,.,.,,.,.,,,.,.,.,.,,.,,,.,,,,.,,, Becker., Becker,,,,,, Becker,.,,,,.,,.,.,,

™…

untitled


2 g g = GM R 2 = 980 cm s ;1 M m potential energy E r E = ; GMm r (1.4) potential = E m = ;GM r (1.5) r F E F = ; de dr (1.6) g g = ; d dr (1.7) g g g

vol5-honma (LSR: Local Standard of Rest) 2.1 LSR R 0 LSR Θ 0 (Galactic Constant) 1985 (IAU: International Astronomical Union) R 0 =8.5

ISLE 2010/08/17

Table 1 Experimental conditions Fig. 1 Belt sanded surface model Table 2 Factor loadings of final varimax criterion 5 6

0801391,繊維学会ファイバ12月号/報文-01-西川

Steel Construction Vol. 6 No. 22(June 1999) Engineering

<95DB8C9288E397C389C88A E696E6462>

JFE.dvi

第3節

空力騒音シミュレータの開発

Specview Specview Specview STSCI(Space Telescope SCience Institute) VO Specview Web page htt

Mikio Yamamoto: Dynamical Measurement of the E-effect in Iron-Cobalt Alloys. The AE-effect (change in Young's modulus of elasticity with magnetization

I N S T R U M E N T A T I O N & E L E C T R I C A L E Q U I P M E N T Pressure-resistant gasket type retreat method effective bulk compressibility Fro

untitled

スライド 1

LAE で探る z~5 での AGN 環境と 周辺銀河へのフィードバック Based on Kikuta et al. in prep. 初代星 初代銀河研究会, Oct 25th Satoshi KIKUTA (SOKENDAI/NAOJ, M2) Collaborators: Masatoshi

Akira MIZUTA(KEK) AM, Nagataki, Aoi (ApJ, , 2011) AM + (in prep)

System to Diagnosis Concrete Deterioration with Spectroscopic Analysis IHI IHI IHI The most popular method for inspecting concrete structures for dete

: 8.2: A group (i.e. a very small cluster) of galaxies superimposed on a x-ray image from the ROSAT satellite

1 ( ) Einstein, Robertson-Walker metric, R µν R 2 g µν + Λg µν = 8πG c 4 T µν, (1) ( ds 2 = c 2 dt 2 + a(t) 2 dr 2 ) + 1 Kr 2 r2 dω 2, (2) (ȧ ) 2 H 2

LM35 高精度・摂氏直読温度センサIC

.N..

( ) Note Ω m = 1 Ω m : ( ) r-process α 1: 2 32T h(t 1/2 = y) 2 38U(t 1/2 = y) 2 35U(t 1/2 = 7.038

スライド 1

udc-2.dvi

PowerPoint Presentation

II

IPSJ SIG Technical Report Vol.2014-EIP-63 No /2/21 1,a) Wi-Fi Probe Request MAC MAC Probe Request MAC A dynamic ads control based on tra

V懇_2017.key

1 2 3

スケーリング理論とはなにか? - --尺度を変えて見えること--

3. ( 1 ) Linear Congruential Generator:LCG 6) (Mersenne Twister:MT ), L 1 ( 2 ) 4 4 G (i,j) < G > < G 2 > < G > 2 g (ij) i= L j= N

23_02.dvi

Transcription:

弱い重力レンズの宇宙論と重力理論の 検証への応用 二間瀬敏史 理学部 22 May. 2017

内容 弱い重力レンズの紹介 構造形成理論への応用 Verlinde s Emergent Gravity の検証 超新星のm-z 関係とニュートリノ質量

重力レンズとは? 観測者 銀河団 背景銀河 J-P.Kneib. Ph.D thesis

なぜ重力レンズが重要なのか? 直接的な質量検出 重力のみに依存し 質量と明るさの経験的な関係を仮定する必要がない力学状態 m 組成に無関係 X 線 ( 高温 ) ガス 光赤外 ( 星 ) などの伝統的な観測と相補的 宇宙の幾何学 膨張則に依存 宇宙論パラメータ あらゆる宇宙論的観測に影響 雑音ー > 大規模構造の信号 自然の望遠鏡 原始銀河探査

弱い重力レンズ? Background galaxies without lensing Massive object somewhere between us and source galaxies Observed galaxies Coherent deformation of background galaxies ( i, 11,22) 2 Shear γ Convergence κ 1 ˆ 1 ˆ ( k) ˆ( k) D( k) ( (, 11, 22) ) 2,12

弱い重力レンズの基礎 Lens equation ( ) (2D)Lensing Potential ls dz N c D 2 s source Projection of Newtonian potential on Sky 2 D image Lens Sky N 4G Surface mass density convergence 2 ( ) ( ) cr with cr 2 c Ds 4GD D l ls

レンズ写像 Lens equation defines the mapping between the source plane and image plane ( ) Jacobian of this mapping ( ) where Source plane i i ji j A ij j A( ) ij ij 2 ( ) 1 11 22 2 1 1 i 2 i 2 11 22 12 i j 1 12 11 1 convergence shear 2 2 k k2 2ik1k ˆ ( k) 2 k ˆ( 1 2 k ) 12 22 Image plane 1 0 1 (1 ) 0 1 2 2 1

Q ( s) ij シアの測定法 1) Define background galaxies 2) Measure the ellipticity of background galaxies Q ( obs ) ij obs d 2 d I( ) 2 I( ) 2 d det A( ) A i i j j Q obs obs 11 22 12 1, 2 obs obs obs obs Q11 Q22 Q11 Q22 ik obs Q (0) A k j obs (0) I( ) 2Q 3) Then we have relation between the lensed and intrinsic ellipticity for each background galaxy obs A ik ( A( ) ) (0) Q obs k A j (0) weak lensing limit, 1 obs ( ) s 2 4) Assume that the ellipticities of background galaxies are randomly distributed ( s) ( obs) int ( ) 0 ( ) 2 γ ( ) O int ~ 0.2 0.3: N Standard deviation of ellipticty

Acutally things are not simple! Bridle et al.2008 For stars I star I Obs ( ) d ( ) d ' I 2 ' ( ' 2 ( Lensed ) star ( ') P( ') ) P( ') P( Point Spread Function(PSF) time dependent in ground base telescope star ) nstar 1 arcmin 2 Typical number density of star

マウナケア山頂すばる望遠鏡でのベストシーイング

PSF 補正の例 Distribution of Ellipticities ofstars before After PSF anisotropy field Before correction e star -3 star -2 1-3.510, e1-5.010 After correction e e star 1 star 1 (-0.07 1.18) 10 (2.10 1.58) 10-4 -4, Distribution of ellipticity over the field of view Before After

背景銀河の選択の重要性 Cl 0024+1654(Umetsu et.al. 2010) Dilution Effect Contamination of member galaxies in the sample Lens signal: g' g Noise: g true N tot bg / N tot true g true bg : N n' / N n N / N tot tot N n cl true N bg S N obs S N true N N bg tot S N true 1 1 f ; f N N cl bg Number density distribution Color-color(BRz) selected Cl 0024+1654(z=0.395) Magnitude selected

弱い重力レンズを利用した宇宙論研究 銀河 銀河団の暗黒物質分布観測による構造形成研究 レンズ統計による構造形成と暗黒ねねるぎーの研究 宇宙シアによる暗黒エネルギー研究 強い重力レンズ現象 (Time delay et.al.) を用いた暗黒エネルギー研究 銀河団重力レンズによる原始銀河探査 赤方偏移 0.15<z<0.3 の 50 個の銀河団に対する暗黒物質ハローの平均質量分布 近傍銀河団内の暗黒物質部分ハローの検出

Universal Mass Profile (NFW profile) A phenomenological model for DM halos motivated by simulation Boylan-Kolchin+09 r 1 r 3 Navarro+04 r s M vir NFW (r) 4 s r 3 vir 3 s (r /r s )(1 r /r s ) 2, c vir r r vir s Concentration parameter

Predicted C-M relation z=0 z=2 z=1 Bhattacharya et.al 2011

Subaru Weak Lensing Study for 52 X ray Luminous Clusters ROSAT X-ray All Sky Survey (REFLEX, BCS, ebcs) Okabe, Takada, Umetsu &TF *Redshift~ 0.15-0.3 *volume/flux limited sample *Irrespective of dynamical state

Stacked Lensing Analysis Effects of substructure and large Scale Structure are canceled out by stacking Center the catalogs on the respective BCGs, and stack in physical length units across the radial range In 14 log-spaced bins

弱い重力レンズによる近傍銀河団内 の暗黒物質部分ハロー

メインハローとサブハロー A galaxy halo of mass 2 10^12 M_sun A cluster halo of mass 5 10^14 M_sun 300 kpc 2000 kpc

近傍銀河団観測の利点髪の毛座銀河団 (z=0.0236) 巨大な見かけの視野 (~3 平方度 ~5Mpc^2) 銀河団内の部分ハローも弱いレンズの分解能以上の大きさ 1 arcmin~28 kpc for h=0.7 at z=0.0236 背景銀河の数密度が多く 低いレンズ効率を補い統計誤差を改善する 1Mp 以下のスケールでの構造形成理論の検証が可能 Hyper Surpime-Cam

DM distribution in Coma cluster(z=0.0236) N. Okabe, T.F, M. Kajsawa 0 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 ~ 3 Mpc 0 3 1 3 3 3 4 3 0 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 0 1 11 2 1 31 4 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 ~1 Mpc 3 0 4 0

Correspondence between DM subhalos and galaxy groups

Observed Mas function of Subhalo Expected mass function for fake subhalos

Power spectrum and Halo Mass function in WDM universe R.E. Smith & K. Markovic, PRD 2002

The sizes of DM subhalos as a function of mass and distance from the center of cluster mass distance

Mean distortion profiles of the averaged subhalos in each class

Distance-dependence of subhalo size

Follow-up X ray observation by Suzaku arxive:1504.03044 T.Sasaki, K. Matsushita, K.Sato and N. Okabe

Subaru Proposal S14A,B, S15A,B, S16A,B We have already taken all 20 low-z cluster data and waiting the analysis Results soon coming? by N. Okabe

Test of Verlinde s Theory of Emergent Gravity by Weak Lensing

Verlinde s interpretation of dark matter Einstein gravity appears from the area law for gravitational entropy The present positive dark energy of the universe leads to a additional volume law contribution to the area law The displacement of dark energy by baryonic matter causes a modification of the standard gravitational law and the modification is interpreted as a dark mattewr

Prediction of effective dark matter mass distribution by Emergent Gravity(EG) Apparent Dark Matter Profile is derived by Baryon mass profile Under the following assumptions Isolated, static and spherically symmetric case M 2 D ( r) for ch0r 6G r 2 d 2G ch M b( r) r dr 0 M b ( r), 2kpc, H 0 70 km/s/mpc Example: Point mass model ch C D 6G 0

Test of EG using Galaxy-Galaxy Lens(GGL) Galaxy-Galaxy Lens M. M. Brouer, M.R. Visser, A. Dvornik et al.2016 単一の銀河による弱い重力レンズ 信号が微弱なので 多数の同程度の質量の銀河の信号を重ね合わせる ( obs) int 2 ( ) 2 γ ( ) O int ~ O (10 ) N Lensing galaxies: GAMA(spectroscopic Galaxy And Mass Assembly survey) 1) They are centrals, i.e., not classified as satellites 2) They have stellar masses below 10^11 solar mass 3) They are not affected by massive neighboring groups 180,960 galaxies over 180 square degrees in GAMA -> 33,613 galaxies over 140 square degrees The background galaxies: ikids(kilo-degree Survey)

Galaxy-Galaxy Lens(GGL) Excess Surface Density(ESD) ( R) ( R) ( R) ( R) t crit t : tangential shear For Point mass model Total ESD=Baryon+ Effective DM ch C D 6G 0 For point mass model

The baryonic masses are determined by stellar mass (using the SDSS and VIKING observation by fitting stellar population synthesis model to spectral energy distributions from 30,000-110,000nm) and cold gas with some empirical relation

EG prediction can be tested by measuring EG b ( r) ( r)

Observation 33613 galaxies brighter than 19 mag. in R-band 2 red 2 N DOF 0.933 1.12 NFW EG

EG prediction A B 1, n 1 GGL observation B NFW best fit EG 予言は弱い重力レンズで測定した銀河の質量分布と矛盾しない

このような 暗黒物質 に対する潮汐効果 EG あるいは他の修正重力理論で説明できるか? 重力レンズの観測では暗黒物質のそのほかの性質も観測されている たとえば銀河団内の部分ハローで観測されている潮汐効果 部分ハローの大きさ

数年後超大規模サーベイが開始される 何ができるか?

タイプ Ia 型超新星に対する大規模構造の弱いレンズ効果 Luminosity distance in flat FLRW universe Fitting of loght curve SNe Ia intrinsic dispersion Weak Lensing effect by LSS z-dep Non Gaussain Perlmutter et al. ApJ 1999

非一様宇宙における m-z 関係 Riem = Ricci + Weyl

大規模構造に対する massive neutrino の効果 Neutrino effect

HALOFIT Power spectrum based on halo model with parameters fitted by N-body simulation

Result 2 free parameters Other parameters such as are all fixed (Planck)

High-z 重力波?

On going The above result is obtained by only using minimum information of the expected observation More information m( z S ) z s 0 dz W ( z S, z) ( z) m N i1 z W ( z i s, z i ) ( z i ) z 1 z N zn m a A ai i i A 1 ai m N a 1,2,, N; i 1,2,, a Shear contribution is not considered by sample selection 2 2, 2 2 11 1 2 12 1 2 4 z s 2 m( zs ) dz W ( zs, z) 4G m 0 m( z s ) Important in small scales 2 z, z 0 dw s

結論 弱い重力レンズは観測的宇宙論 重力理論の検証などで重要な役割を果たしている EG 暗黒物質を導入することなしに余分な重力を説明でき その予言は弱い重力レンズの観測と矛盾しない しかし 暗黒物質 は 弱い重力レンズの観測結果をもっとも自然に説明する ( 潮汐効果など ) メインハローによる潮汐効果 EG のエントロピー力の伝達速度は?