尼崎運河における藻類を用いた栄養塩除去施設の実用規模の検討

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "尼崎運河における藻類を用いた栄養塩除去施設の実用規模の検討"

あつみねりゅうとう
5 years ago
Views:

Development of Water Quality Improvement Channel with Citizen in Amagasaki Canal, Japan Ryoichi YAMANAKA 1, Yasunori KOZUKI 1, Keisuke ISSHIKI 2, Sayaka MORI 1, Mari MAEDA 1, Hironori Okegawa 1,

1 Development of Water Quality Improvement Channel with Citizen in Amagasaki Canal, Japan Ryoichi YAMANAKA 1, Yasunori KOZUKI 1, Keisuke ISSHIKI 2, Sayaka MORI 1, Mari MAEDA 1, Hironori Okegawa 1, Hiroshi KAWAI 3, Mamoru ISHIGAKI 4, Takashi NAKANISHI 5, Hideki UESHIMA 4 and Sumio HIRAI 6 1 The University of Tokushima 2 KOBELCO Eco-Solutions Co., Ltd 3 Kobe University 4 Hiroshima Institute of Technology 5 Osaka City University 6 Hyogo Prefecture

2 Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Method New System of Water Quality Improvement 3. Results and Discussion Effect of Water Quality Improvement Channel Water Quality Improvement Activity with Citizen 4. Conclusions 2/21

3 1. Introduction 3/21

4 Background ~Amagasaki Canal~ Osaka Bay Japan Location of Amagasaki Canal Closed by two water gates Industrial area This coastal area is surrounded by vertical seawalls. Water pollution problem!! Pacific Ocean Water gate (Kitahori) Amagasaki Canal Lockage (Ama Lock) Osaka Bay 30 km Amagasaki Port 1km 4/21

Blue tide Suspended Solids Deteriorated sediment Deteriorated sediment

5 Environmental Conditions Industrial waste water Eutrophication High concentration of suspended solids Phytoplankton Anoxic oxygen Damage of Blue tide Suspended Solids Deteriorated sediment Deteriorated sediment Water quality of Amagasaki Canal is one of the pollution area in the world!! 5/21

6 The Sea Blue Project of Amagasaki ~The Sea Blue Project of Amagasaki ~ Purpose : Water quality improvement for recreation demand Requirement : Low cost, Low environmental load, Sustainability Biological reduction function, Civic collaboration Objectives New System of Water Quality Improvement 1. Applicability evaluation for new water quality improvement technique in Amagasaki canal 2. Beginning new nutrient removal activity with children and evaluation of the educational effect for parents 6/21

7 2. Method 7/21

8 New System of Water Quality Improvement 1 SS Removal Aquarium 2 Dissolved N&P Removal Channel Bivalve 3 Composting Algae 8/21

9 Material Flow of New System Surface seawater in canal 1 POC Phy.pla Catch PN Phy.pla Transform & Rejection PP Phy.pla DIN PO4-P 2 Bivalve Assimilation 3 Pick up the algae and bivalve in the channel with local people, after composting. Algae Vegetation 9/21

6600 Experimental Equipment 300 Experimental condition Length 120 m Width 0.3 m Depth Ave. 0.12 m Flow rate 25 L/min Residence time 2.

10 6600 Experimental Equipment 300 Experimental condition Length 120 m Width 0.3 m Depth Ave m Flow rate 25 L/min Residence time 2.7 hr Unit : mm Water Quality Algae Measurement items Temperature Salinity DO Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) & phosphorus (PO 4 -P) Contained carbon and nitrogen Period In September 2007, Once a month October 2009 and August /21

11 3. Results and Discussion 11/21

12 D IN (m g/l) PO 4-P (m g/l) Results Change in DIN and PO4-P concentration in the channel in summer daytime St.1 St.2 Inflow Outflow St.4 St NH 4 -N NO 2 -N NO 3 -N St St.1 St.2 St.3 St.4 St.5 Inflow O utflow DIN PO4-P Concentration of nutrients decreased drastically from St.1 to St.3. Therefore, we consider that efficient length of the channel is only 60 meters in Amagasaki canal St.1 St.2 St.3 St.4 St.5 Inflow O utflow 12/21

13 Results D IN (gn /day) P O 4-P (gp/day) R em ovalrate (%) Reduction function of DIN and PO4-P in daytime St.1 St.3 R = (CSt.1 - CSt.3 ) Q R : Amount of reduction (mg/day) CSt.1,3 : DIN and PO4-P concentration (mg/l) Q : Flow rate (L/day) m onth D IN PO4-P Amount of reduction Summer time m onth D IN PO4-P Removal rate 13/21

14 Design for Restoration Plant 1 Case1 Collecting algae in summer once a year ndustrial waste water Restoration Plant Canal N I / C N : The number of channels (60m-channels) I : Concentration of nutrients in industrial waste water (mg/day) C : Collecting algae in summer (mg/day) Twenty-nine 60m-channels are required for total industrial waste water to meet environmental standards of Japan (0.09 mg/l) for PO4-P. 14/21

Design for Restoration Plant 2 Case2 Continue the best summer daytime removal capability (Without collection of algae) Industrial waste water Restoration Plant Canal N I / R N : The number of

15 Design for Restoration Plant 2 Case2 Continue the best summer daytime removal capability (Without collection of algae) Industrial waste water Restoration Plant Canal N I / R N : The number of channels (60m-channels) I : Concentration of nutrients in industrial waste water (mg/day) R : A maximum amount of reduction (mg/day) Five 60m-channels are required for total industrial waste water to meet environmental standards of Japan (0.09 mg/l) for PO4-P. 15/21

16 Water Quality Improvement Activity with Citizen 1.Algae cleaning in the channel with Junior high school students 2.Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) for elementary school 16/21

Algae Cleaning in the Channel Algae cleaning in the

students Bury algae in the ground Picked up algae Date :

: 30min. Picked up amount of algae : 13 wet.

! 3 I feel like I improved water quality.

17 Algae Cleaning in the Channel Algae cleaning in the channel and composting with local junior high-school students Bury algae in the ground Picked up algae Date : August 18, 2010 Number of participants : 10 Cleaning time : 30min. Picked up amount of algae : 13 wet.kg Impressions : 1 It was a work worth doing 2 Very tired!! 3 I feel like I improved water quality. 4 I enjoyed a lot! 5 I want to do this again! Composting Present for local people Potato Raspberry 17/21

you change in environmental problems attitudes (N=116) Increase awareness of the problems 43.1% 37.

18 ESD The Restoration Plant can be used as a place learning education for sustainable development Age : 9 years old Total number of participants in 2010 : 440 Result of a questionnaire for parents : Do you change in environmental problems attitudes (N=116) Increase awareness of the problems 43.1% 37.9% 興味関心が向上興味関心が向上 Decrease 53.0% awareness of 変化なし the 興味関心が低下 problems 9.1% Not 変化なし changes 18/21

19 19/21 Water Quality Improvement with Citizen in Amagasaki Canal Citizens Hyogo Pref. and Amagasaki City Elementary School, Junior High School and High School New Water Quality Improvement Plant Company University

20 20/21 New Plant of Water Quality Improvement First plant will be completed in this winter!! SS Removal Aquarium Dissolved N&P Removal Channel Compostin g ESD Tidal flat 10m Construction started in December, 2010 March, 2011 At present

21 4. Conclusions Applicability of the water restoration plant using primary production of autogenetic algae to the Amagasaki Canal is confirmed by long-term field experiment. And beginning new nutrient removal activity with children and evaluation of the educational effect for parents 1.We found the effect of water quality improvement channel. (5 to 29 60m-channels need total industrial waste water to meet environmental standards of Japan for PO4-P.) 2.It's necessary that someone to cleanup decomposed sea algae. We created a cooperative framework with a local junior high-school and students, and composted algae. This achievement means that new social-based water quality restoration is starting at the Amagasaki Canal. There is a prospective future to reclaim water environmental in Amagasaki. 21/21

22 Thank you for your attention

24 Water Quality of Amagasaki Canal in Summer Results of investigation for 24 hours(chl.a,do) in summer /6 11:00 13:00 15:00 17:00 19:00 21:00 23:00 8/7 1:00 3:00 5:00 7:00 9:00 0 Chl.a( g/l) /6 11:00 13:00 15:00 17:00 19:00 21:00 23:00 8/7 1:00 3:00 5:00 7:00 9:00 DO(mg/L) supersaturated hypoxia Chl.a was high in surface, and red tide occurred. DO was below 1mg/L at the bottom in summer. Bottom water was chronic hypoxia. The stratification was kept through the study period.

25 N (m g/l ) Result of Nutrients (NH 4 -N,NO 2 -N,NO 3 -N,DON,DTN,TN) 表層 PN D O N 1km N O 3-N 0 N O 2-N S t.1 S t.2 S t.1 S t.3 S t.2 S t.3-1 S St.3-2 t.3-1 In canal S t.3-2 S t.4 S t.4 S t.5 S t.5 S t.5-1 S t.5-1 S t.6 S N H 4-N 3 調査地点調査地点 Left : surface-1.0m Right : bottom+1.0m Sea 2.5 t.6 S t.5-1 S t.7 S t.6 S t.8 S t.7 SSt.9 t.8 St.11 t.9 S t.11 Canal had higher concentration of nitrogen nutrients than sea. PN NH 4 -N was 2very high at D Othe N bottom of the canal. N O 3-N

0.049 0.018 0.041 0.051 0.016 0.017 0.042 0.036 0.002 0.103 0.21 0.099 0.103 0.131 0.122 0.244 0.392 0.072 0.088 0.424 0.027 0.172 0.128 0.137 0.006 0.116 0.027 0.009 0.102 0.118 0.122 0.044 0.196 0.

26 Result of Nutrients(PO 4 -P,DTP,TP) S t.3-1 S t.3-2 S t.4 S t.5 S t.5-1 S t.6 S t.7 S t.8 S t.9 S t.11 PP 調査地点 1km D O P 0 P O 4-P 0 S t.1 SSt.1 t.2 SSt.2 t.3 S t.3-1 SSt.3-1 t.3-2 S t.3-2 S t.4 SSt.4 t.5 S t.5-1 S t.5-1 S t.6 Sea.5-1 S t.6 S St.6 t.7 S St.7 t.8 S St.8 t.9 S t.9 t.11 S t.11 D O P D O P In canal Left : surface-1.0m Right : bottom+1.0m 調査地点調査地点 Canal had higher concentration of phosphoric nutrients than sea. PP PP Surface: 1.7 times, Bottom: 2.5 times PO 4 -P was high at the bottom efflux from sediment

27 Species of Algae in The Channel Pump up water level Bottom Water Surface Water Season Spr. Sum. Aut. Win. Spr. Sum. Aut. Win. Spr. Sum. Side wall Green Algae Green Algae Brown Algae Green Algae 2 cm 10 cm 2 cm Bottom Blue-green Algae 2 cm 2 cm 2 cm 2 cm

28 Results D IN (m gn /L) PO 4-P (m gp/l) Change in DIN and PO4-P concentration in the channel in summ Inflow Outflow D ay N ight D ay N ight St.1 St St.2 St St.3 0 St.1 St.2 St.3 St.4 St.5 Inflow O utflow DIN 0 St.1 St.2 St.3 St.4 St.5 Inflow O utflow PO4-P Day :Reduction in the concentration of DIN &PO4-P were 40 ~ 75%, which were similar to sewage treatment facility. Night : The dead algae were decomposed by microorganism. This is considered to be the cause of the increases of concentration of DIN and PO4-P in the channel.

29 Dissolved NP Removal Channel Period 1 year Item 2 weeks in summer Removal by algae in water flow Removal by collecion of algae N P N P 483g (5%) 4.3g (2%) 74g (5%) 0.2g (1%) 1444g (16%) 65g (28%) 201g (13%) 9g (20%)

30 Experiment using LED in the channel at nighttime

31 Objectives The Amagasaki Sea Blue Project The Amagasaki Canal is great waterfront in a big city Many citizens will hope to be new utilizing of the canal. However, It is impossible that water quality improvement by a civic undertaking because of the budget deficit problem. New Water Quality Improvement System Study Event Amagasaki Canal Recreation Education 1.Effect of system new water quality improvement 2.Efforts of water quality restoration with citizen

New Water Quality Improvement Systems Inflow Surface

B Dissolved NP Removal Channel Nutrient (N.

& High NP Treated Water High O2 & Low NP C Composting

32 New Water Quality Improvement Systems Inflow Surface Water High SS A SS Removal Aquarium Outflow Dissolve N,P B Dissolved NP Removal Channel Nutrient (N.P) Phytoplankton SS Organic mud +O 2 Bottom Water Low O2 & High NP Treated Water High O2 & Low NP C Composting Taking up algae from the channel and turning removed sea algae into compost.

33 D O (m g/l) Dissolved NP Removal Channel O2 provided effect for Primary Productivity of Algae D ay N ight O xygen depletion line (m )

34 St.1 Inflow Outflow St.5 St.2 St.4 St.3 Date 17.August 2009 Measurement item Temperature( C) Salinity (psu) DO (mg/l) Day Night Day Night Day Night St St St St St

35 SS Removal Aquarium Before After 40min SS is removed 65% 2.5cm

36 小学校 3 年生を対象とした環境学習実施風景 a) 学習シートに聞いたことをメモ b) 淡水と海水の密度の違いを知る実験 c) ヘドロの観察 d) 水のにごりを調べる実験 e) 運河に住む生物の観察 ( 実験水路 ) g) 二枚貝の水の浄化力実験 h) 運河の水をきれいにする方法の勉強 f) 運河に住む生物の観察 ( 沈水ネットの付着生物 ) 表 1 これまでの環境学習参加人数環境学習参加人数小学校名 ( 名 ) 2009 年度 2010 年度成徳明城西月実施予定 74 10/19 実施予定若葉 - 19

37 2.5cm

38 0% 6.1% 78.8% 15.2% 0% 3.5% 10.3% 積極的に取り組むようになった変わりないむしろ消極的になった未記入 86.2% 積極的に取り組むようになった変わりないむしろ消極的になった未記入図 a) 明城小学校 b) 西小学校環境学習後における児童の環境問題への取り組み姿勢の変化 37.9% 興味関心が向上 43.1% 興味関心が向上 53.0% 興味関心が低下 51.7% 興味関心が低下変化なし変化なし 9.1% a) 明城小学校 b) 西小学校図環境学習後における保護者の運河への興味関心の変化 5.2% 環境学習後, 約 1 割の児童に環境問題へ積極的に取り組む姿勢の変化がみられた. 環境学習で学んだことを子供から聞き, 保護者のうちの約半数に運河への興味関心の向上がみられた. 興味関心が向上したグループと低下したグループ間で, 子供が話した学習内容の数を比較したが, 差は見られなかった.

....

WHO .... http:// www8.cao.go.jp / kourei / ishiki / h15_sougou / gaiyou.html QOL ADL SL SL SL JR SL N ... ... m. m... . N....... ... N .. kg kg.. ... .... .... ... m.. . .. .. N..... .. . N..