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1 Natural Resource Environment and Humans No. 1, March pp , X 2006, jomon@mx2.avis.ne.jp 47

2 2006b a , a 9 WD WD a a, 2006b, a 1999a WD NK 48 XO km km a

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16 YLU 1 MIS 1 11,00014, m 14,000 14, BP IntCal09 18,94015,260 calbp , b 117, Binford, L. R Organization and formation processes, Looking at curated technologies. Journal of Anthropological Research 35, pp , USA The University of New Mexico X , , , X a 9, b X X 28, X 1999a b X c 1 X d 2 X , a b a CD 2004b X A A CD 2008 B 62

17 a X b No c C No. 392 C d A e No a b 1 X c No d No. 44 A B e a b a b f No g 2 CD 1997 X 5, BB 26, , XX No , , X XX No , , , , L1H , , ,

18 , , , , , a 3, b c NHK a 111, b 4, 4969 Takashi Tsutsumi 2010 Prehistoric procurement of obsidian from sources on Honshu Island, In Crossing the Straits: Prehistoric Obsidian Source Exploitation in the North Pacific Rim, pp Y. D. Kuzmin and M. D. Glascock eds BAR S2152 England Archaeopress ,

19 Microblade-equipped hunters: their litho-technical management and supply-demand situations of obsidian resources Takashi Tsutsumi Abstract This paper discusses the supply-demand situations of obsidian resources and litho-technical management of microblade-equipped hunters during the last stage of the Upper Palaeolithic, corresponding to the latter half of Oxygen Isotope Stage 2 OIS2. The areas studied are the Shinshu, Amagi-Hakone, Kozu Island and Takaharayama areas, where obsidian resources are distributed, as well as the Central Highlands, Kanto Plain and Hakone-Ashitaka mountain base areas, where the obsidian from such resources was supplied and semiconical microblade core industries are found. On the basis of more than 8,000 sets of geologic source analysis data obtained from 50 sites of such industries, this paper discusses the exploitation of obsidian for each resource. The obsidian from the Shinshu resource was supplied to the Shimotsuke, Shimousa, Musashino and Sagamino areas on some level but was not well supplied to the Hakone-Ashitaka mountain base area. In contrast, the great majority of the obsidian supplied to the latter area was from Kozu-Onbase Island. On the other hand, about 30 of the obsidian supplied to the Yadegawa site in the Central Highlands was from Kozu-Onbase Island, suggesting transport of obsidian on a route along the Fuji River, which may be called the Fuji River Corridor. Although it was not widely used, the obsidian from the Takaharayama source was supplied to the Shimotsuke and Shimousa upland areas. The obsidian from Amagi-kashiwatoge was only locally supplied to the Sagamino and Nagai upland areas during the microblade period. The obsidian from each resource had specific litho-technical management approaches according to different raw material characteristics. The obsidian from Wadatoge was transported as raw material to consumption sites and then divided into pieces to make preforms; the stone tools found are often characterized by platform trimming and platform rejuvenation. The obsidian from Amagikashiwatoge was transported to consumption sites as raw material and then pre-forms with natural surfaces were created; the stone tools found are characterized by the absence of platform trimming and platform rejuvenation. The obsidian from Kozu-Onbase Island may have been transported as flakes, and the stone tools found are often characterized that the platform sets on broken section of flakes and common on platform rejuvenation. This study on microblade industries shows an instance that litho-technical management approaches and Technological Organizations vary with different resource environment and raw material characteristics even for the same type of material, i. e. obsidian. Keywords: microblade-equipped hunters, supply-demand situations of obsidian resources, geologic source analysis, semi-conical microblade core industry, litho-technical management 65

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<8ED089EF8B49977634342D312D30914F95742E696E6464> The Treatments in the Institutions Regarded As Inappropriate by Certified Student Social Workers and Their Coping Behavior: Survey and Analysis Nobuko SAKATA (1) 15 13 (2) 47 16 (3) 53 44-1 2006 17 1810