Kazakhstan Ural University, Russia Furnace for Iron Production in Alat Site (The end of 2nd millennium BC) Karaganda University, Kazahkstan Altai Regi

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5 years ago
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2017-2018 It already passed 10 years since

We were able to cover China, Mongolia and

more and more important as a new research

production and human activities is one of the

1 It already passed 10 years since our center (AIC) established in July We were able to cover China, Mongolia and Siberia only as the target of the survey in the days of the establishment. Now Kazakhstan is also a key area for us to research. In addition, ancient salt production has been more and more important as a new research subject and the relationship between ancient production and human activities is one of the focused issues for us. For further 10 years, we will give them our all. Photo: Koptu Site in Tuva Republic /

2 Kazakhstan Ural University, Russia Furnace for Iron Production in Alat Site (The end of 2nd millennium BC) Karaganda University, Kazahkstan Altai Region Japanese Institute of Anatolian Archaeology, Turkey Yustyd Iron Smelting Site in Altai Republic Iron Smelting Site 1 in Altai Region of Mongolia Iron Smelting Site 2 in Altai Region of Mongolia

3 Iron Smelting of Xiongnu (Khustyn Bulag Site, AD1c) Iron Smelting of Xiongnu (Zuun Uliin Adag Site, BC1c) Mongolia Khakas Research Institute of Language, Literature and History, Khakassia Altai Region Institute of History and Archaeology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Mongolia Institute of Cultural Relics in Henan Province, China Shangdong University, China Research Center of Ancient East Asia Iron Culture, Japan Chengdu Museum (Chengdu Institute of Archaeology) Sichuan University, China Sichuan,China Miyan na Salt-making Site, Ehime Tie niu, Huge Cast Iron (Tieniucun Site,Han Dynasty) Black Sand Layer of Miyan na Salt-making Site, Ehime

Our collaborative research with Chengdu Museum and Sichuan University has already entered into the next stage.

In FY2016, we went to the Yunnan area to examine the current state of the ancient iron production research and

In FY2017, we visited several mine sites, for example Chongzibo site, Heijingma site and Manshan site in

Now we promote partnership with institutions, Yunnan Archaeology Institute and Guizhou Archaeology Institute.

History and Archaeology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences.

The joint team has researched at the Khustyn Bulag, located in Tov province, since 2011.

4 Our collaborative research with Chengdu Museum and Sichuan University has already entered into the next stage. In FY2015, we surveyed the Xichang area located on the border of the Yun nan area. In FY2016, we went to the Yunnan area to examine the current state of the ancient iron production research and to conduct a survey on relevant metals (iron and bronze) and artifacts excavated from tombs and sites. In FY2017, we visited several mine sites, for example Chongzibo site, Heijingma site and Manshan site in Yunnan and Guizhou, to investigate ancient mines. Now we promote partnership with institutions, Yunnan Archaeology Institute and Guizhou Archaeology Institute. We carry out a joint research History of ancient Mongolian craft production in Mongolia with the Institute of History and Archaeology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences. We also have had a research in the Steppe, the Gobi desert and the Altai Mountains. The joint team has researched at the Khustyn Bulag, located in Tov province, since We found the remains of iron-smelting furnaces used by the Xiongnu(). We excavated iron smelting furnaces, kilns and tombs this summer, too. And we performed a field survey along the Ulz River, northeast part of Mongolia, and found the iron-smelting sites (BC1c). We are planning to research this site next year.

5 Field Research in Altai Region, Monglia Our Team for Monglia Earning Grants-in-Aid for scientific research expense, "Empirical research on the iron production in the Early Iron Age in the Altai region consisted of four countries" started in this fiscal year. The Altai region extends over four countries, Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia and China. Aiming to clarify old iron production of the nomadic people in this area, some projects were organized with research organizations of each country field work of the first stage was carried out in Tuva Republic, Kazakhstan, Altai Republic and Mongolia in Kazakhstan. As a result, a lot of iron production sites were discovered there and some of them were excavated to elucidate structure of the smelting furnaces. Radiocarbon dating shows that they are ranging in date from the third century B.C. to the fifth century A.D. Full-scale excavation in each site will be carried out since next fiscal year to solve topics on the relationship between ancient pastoral society and iron production. Koptu II Site in Tuva Republic Iron in Archaeology: Conference in honour of Radomír Pleiner in Prague, Czech Republic

Salt, like iron, is an important element in industrial archaeology.

small effect on communities and societies.

separation analysis and so on, with the purpose of analysis of topographical

We will continue to research on the relationship between topographical

activities on the coast of Setouchi Inland Sea.

iron-smelting furnaces based on the results of excavation.

Okayama prefecture, under the guidance of the Murage (chief engineer in iron

In FY2017, we carried experiments to produce iron at Ni imi City and in the

6 Salt, like iron, is an important element in industrial archaeology. Furthermore, salt is a more important element for human beings and has no small effect on communities and societies. We introduced the paleo-environmental examinations, water flotation and water separation analysis and so on, with the purpose of analysis of topographical formation and Kurosuna (Black Sand) Layers. We will continue to research on the relationship between topographical environment and salt making activities, what is more, a history of human activities on the coast of Setouchi Inland Sea. Water Flotation and Water Separation Analysis We reconstruct ancient iron-smelting furnaces based on the results of excavation. Every autumn, we conduct iron-manufacturing experiments at Ni imi city in Okayama prefecture, under the guidance of the Murage (chief engineer in iron smelting) and others. In FY2017, we carried experiments to produce iron at Ni imi City and in the Republic of Khakassia. Based on the agreement, we stared the joint-research project in collaboration with Kyushu University Advanced Asian Archaeological Research Center (QA 3 RC). We analyze the samples of iron smelting experience and the slag and iron ore excavated in Kazakhstan at the QA 3 RC.

7 The purpose of our workshop is to enhance the skills to observe and describe the representative iron implements and artifacts related to the iron production, by observing them on the site and discussing with the participants. We held the 6th workshop in Fukuoka city, Fukuoka Prefecture, through the courtesy of the Fukuoka City Archaeology Center. We attempt to extend our regional contribution with new regions. Tou-ji Temple in Kyoto have a long history of lord of the manor in the medieval era. Tou-ji Temple had several manors across the country. These manors, for example Ni imi-no-sho and Yuge-no-sho, had produced iron and salt, and tributed to Tou-ji. We have researches on related archaeological sites, and share these results with related regional society. The 10th International Symposium was held in 25th November. Presenters reported about the beginning and process of diffusion of metallic products in West AsiaAnatolia, Levant, Egypt and Iran. We could witness a new perspective of metallurgical archaeology in this area.

8 Activities in FY2017 Funded Research Conservation of Metal Implements in Haba-Tsuru Site, Kumamoto (Funded by Kumamoto Prefecture) Conservation of Metal Implements in Funaki Site, Hyogo (Funded by Awaji City) Research of Metal-workings in Important Industrial Sites, Saga (Funded by Saga-city) Experimental Iron Smelting : Restoring Ancient Iron Furnace Experimental Iron smelting Ni imi City and Republic of Khakassia International Symposium Seminar of Industrial Archaeology with Foreign Students Lecture Special Lecture in Guizhou Museum, China Funded Conservation and Research for Iron Artifacts

Kazakhstan Ural University, Russia Alat Site in Kazakhstan Karaganda University, Kazahkstan Japanese Institute of Anatolian Archaeology, Turkey Furnac

Kazakhstan Ural University, Russia Alat Site in Kazakhstan Karaganda University, Kazahkstan Japanese Institute of Anatolian Archaeology, Turkey Furnac 2016-2017 It has passed 10 years since our center (AIC) established in July 2007. We were able to cover China, Mongolia and Siberia only as the target of the survey in the days of the establishment. Now