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1 Graduate School of Policy and Management, Doshisha University 33 委任立法に対する国会の統制 概要 4 1 はじめに ( 1998:20-1) (Kreppel 1997:340-1) (Statute of Proclamations 1539) (Henry VIII powers) (Rogers and Walters 2015:224)

2 34 2 ( 2001:92) 4 2 英仏独における委任立法の議会統制 2. 1 イギリスにおける委任立法の議会統制 1946 (Statutory Instruments Act 1946) (Statutory Instrument) ( 1) 表 1 議会制定法律数および制定法文書数 ( 年 ) / )Apostolova (2017:7) 2 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 2013:274-7)

3 35 (Affirmative Resolution Procedure) 40 (Negative Resolution Procedure) % 82% ( 2) ( 2012:212) (Malcolm 2011:672) ( ) (draft) ( ) 3 ( 2) ( ) ( 2013:60-1) 40 ( 2) 4 (Joint Committee on Statutory Instruments) (Secondary Legislation Scrutiny Committee) ( 2013:61-2) Statutory Instruments Act 1946, s (Apostolova 2017:13) 5 (Delegated Legislation Committee) 10% ( 2012:219) 6 (1968 ) (2000 ) (2002 ) (2007 ) (2012 ) (2015 ) (Rogers and Walters2015:228-9)

4 36 表 2 庶民院に提出された制定法文書の件数 )1. 2. )House of Commons Sessional Returns 1997/98 to 2016/ フランスにおける委任立法の議会統制 () ( 34 ) ( 37 ) 7 (ordonnance) ( 38 ) 8 ( 1985:70) 50 9 ( 2013:95) (domaine du la loi) (règlements autonomes) 21 (décrets en Conseil d'état) ( 1989:265-8) 8 ( 1960:347) 9 Legifrance (Les dossiers législatifs)

5 37 ( 1985:89-90) ( 2009:150) (décret) 38 ( 1990:584) ( 1985:73) 2. 3 ドイツにおける委任立法の議会統制 (Rechtsverordnung) (Verwaltungsverordnung) 80 1 ( 1998: 55) ( 2012a:429) ( 1998:60-2,78) 80 1

6 ( 2012a:440) ( 2012b:359) 3 日本における委任立法とその問題点 ( 73 6 ) ( 2012:77) 1947 ( 2003:419-20) ( ) ( 閣法政省令政省令 / 閣法 図 1 日本の閣法 政省令制定件数の比較 ( 年 )

7 :30) () ( / ) 1970 (Pempel 1974:654-6) ( 2003: 162-5) 11 ( 2015:167) ( 1992:69-71) 10 ( ) (2002) : ( seitei_top.jsp) 11 (Ramseyer and Rosenbluth 1997:107-8)

8 40 ( 1960:41) ( 2012:78) ( 38 1 )

9 41 ( ) ( ) 99.8% 0.2% 13 () 2009 ( 2010) (2009 )(2014 ) 14 ( ) ( 2013:35-6) ( 2014:50) ( ) :136 15

10 42 4 国会は委任立法をどのように統制すべきか 4 ( 2012: 261-2) ( ) ( 2015:31) ( 25 1 ) 118 ( 2016:769-75) 10 ( 3) ( 2016:767-9) ( 87 ) 87 ( 2014:80) ( )24

11 43 表 3 国の緊急事態 外交 安全保障に関する国会の承認事項 / () / / 20 / ( 7 ) / 20 ( 7 ) / ( 2012a: 456-8) ( 2014:331) 18 ( 2008:151)

12 44 ( ) ( ) 参考文献 日本語文献 (2003) ( ) ( )(1988) (1985) 5(2) (2013) ( 5 ) (2001) (2008) (1998) ( ) (2013) ( ) (2013) ( ) (2014) 87(2) (2013) ( )(2016) 28 ( ) (2014) (2012) (2015) Resurrection ( )(2015) 3 (1960) 5( ) (2012) 5 (1992) (2003) (1960) (2009) (1990) (2012a) ( ) (2012b) 170(4 5 6) (2014) (1989) 1(4) (2009) 外国語文献 Kreppel, Amie (1997) The Impact of Parties in Government on Legislative Output in Italy. European Journal of Political Research, 31, Sir Malcolm, Jack (ed.) (2011) Erskine May's Treatise on the Law, Privileges, Proceedings and Usage of Parliament, 24th ed., LexisNexis. Pempel, T. J. (1974) The Bureaucratization of Policymaking in Postwar Japan. American Journal of Political Science, 18(4), Ramseyer, J. Mark and Rosenbluth, Frances McCall (1997) Japan's Political Marketplace: With a New Preface, Harvard University Press.(=1995 ) Rogers, Robert and Walters, Rhodri (2015) How Parliament Works, 7th ed., Routledge. ウェブページ (2010) Q&A( ) ( j/kobetu_ninaite/kobetu/syuyou_qa_tx.html) Apostolova, Vyara (2017) Acts and Statutory Instruments: the Volume of UK Legislation 1950 to 2016, House of Commons Library Briefing Paper, CBP 7438, 21 April 2017 (Retrieved on October , CBP-7438.pdf) 謝辞 (17K03333)

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