Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata 1 Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata Kirikae Hideo 1 Mokuteki Hattori Sirô ( ) ga 1949-neő go

Transcription

1 Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata 1 Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata Kirikae Hideo 1 Mokuteki Hattori Sirô ( ) ga 1949-neő goro kôaő si, 1951-neő ni happjô sita Siő-Nihoő-siki rômazi uzuri-kata wa rômazi de Geődai Nihoőgo-buő o uzuru toki ni joridokoro ni naru seisjohô-aő de aru. Hattori wa zjûrai no Heboő-siki 1 (Rômazi-kai, 1885), Nihoő-siki (Tanakadate Aiki u, 1905), Kuőrei-siki (Naikaku kuőrei, 1937/1954) o onore no oőiőroő no ta iba kara hihaő site Siő-Nihoő-siki to mizukara nazuketa seisjohô o teiaő sita. Sono jôteő wa ta-gjô ni huta u no siiő oőso o mitomete sorera o kaki-wakeru to juu mono de atta. Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő o kaku baai ni (aruiwa ippaő ni taőoőmozi taikei o mo iite Nihoőgo-buő o kaku baai ni) Siő-Nihoő-siki wa Geődai Nihoőgo ni mottomo husawasii uzurikata de aru. Koko de wa Kuőrei-siki to hikaku sinagara Siő-Nihoő-siki no sugureta teő ni uite noberu. Hattori ga iroiro na kikai ni happjô sita gakuse u ojobi teiaő wa ugi no josjo ni osamerarete iru. Geőgogaku no Hôhô. Tôkjô: Iwanami Sjoteő, 1960 [4]. Siőbaő Oőiőroő to Seisjohô. Tôkjô: Taisjûkaő Sjotoő, 1979 [5]. Watasi no kono roőbuő wa, Sin-Nihoő-siki no toku jô de aru ta-gjô no huta u no siiő no kakiwake ni uite watasi ga rikai dekita haői de sjôkai suru mono de aru. Sorejue kore wa original na keőkjû roőbuő de wa nai. Tada, gairaioő no uzuri-kata ni uite noberu 5 ni wa tasjô no atarasisa ga aru ka mo sirenai. Sore wa happjô kara 63-neő ga sugite Nihoőgo ga gairaioő no ukeire to juu teő de jori hirakareta mono to natta kara de, Hattori no gakuse u ga huruku natta kara de wa nai. Hanasi o susumeru mae ni, Kuőrei-siki to Siő-Nihoő-siki ga tagjô ojobi sore to kaőkei no hukai da-gjô no haku 2 o dono jô ni 1 Hjôzjuő-siki to mo jobareru mono o koko de wa sasu. 2. mora. Tatoeba gakkô wa gak to kô no 2-oőse u kara naru taőgo de aru keredo, haku de kazoeru to ga-k-ko-o no 4-paku ni naru. Dono haku mo zikaő-teki ni onazi nagasa o izi suru to sarete iru. Kana no taikei wa haku ni taiô site iru.

2 Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata 2 uzuru no ka simesite okô. 3 Kono roőbuő de wa age urawanai keredo Heboő-siki mo saőkô made ni simesite oku. Kana Oőka ta Ùi ţu te to Ùa Ùu Ùo da Ãi dzu 4 de do Ãa Ãu Ão Kuőrei-siki ta ti tu te to tya tyu tyo da zi zu de do zya zyu zyo Siő-Nihoő-siki ta i u te to ja ju jo da zi zu de do zya zyu zyo Heboő-siki ta chi tsu te to cha chu cho da ji zu de do ja ju jo Nihoő-siki ni uite wa ue ni simesanakatta ga, ta-gjô ni kaősite wa, sono kôkei-sya to ieru Kuőrei-siki to kawari wa nai. Sikasi dagjô ni igai ga atte, di, du, dya, dyu, dyo to juu uzuri o mitomete iru. Sore wa [Ãi], [dzu], [Ãa], [Ãu], [Ão] no kana o teősja (transliterate) suru mono to itte joku, gaitô suru haku o za-gjô no zi, zu, zya, zyu, zyo igai de wa uzuranai Kuőrei-siki to kurabete, kanazukai no eikjô o irokoku todomete iru [3, pp ]. Heboő-siki wa Nihoőgo no oőiő-taikei ni ga i sinai teő no ôi uzuri-kata de aru. Sikasi mottomo hukjû site iru. Kuőrei-siki ga ka ute sjôgakkô de nessiő ni osierareta wari ni seirjoku o usinatte iru no to taisjô-teki de aru. 5 Heboő-siki no toru beki teő wa jozjôsei (redundancy) ga mottomo takai to juu teő de aru. Kore wa mo iroő ketteő de mo atte, kono hôsiki o manabi nikuku site iru ga, ittaő manaőde simaeba, haku ja taőgo no niőtei (dôtei) ga mottomo tajasuku naru (kekka to site hajaku jomeru) no de wa nai darô ka. Sore ni mo kakawarazu watasi ga Heboő-siki jori Sin-Nihon-siki o toru no wa sore ga Nihoőgo no oőiő-taikei ni ga i site iru tame, Nihoőgo no hanasi-te ta i ni totte manabi jasuku, mata kaki-ajamari nikui (sunawa i ittaő seisjohô o manabi oeta mono ni totte sono seisjohô kara i uda u si nikui) mono to natte iru kara de aru. 3, j nado no zibo no seőtei wa Hattori no mono to wa kotonaru. Sikasi sore wa moődai de wa nai. Hattori no hôsiki wa rômazi ni kagirazu, hoka no taőoő-mozi taikei ni mo tekijô dekiru kara de aru. 4, no siiő Ã, dz wa hasa uoő de aru keredo boiő ni hasamareru to sorezore masa uoő Z, z to naru. Rei: ziku [Ãiku], zuru [dzuru]; kazi [kazi], kazu [kazu]. 5Watasi (1954-neő umare) wa rômazi de no jomikaki o manaőda sedai ni zokusuru.

3 Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata 3 Redundancy to juu teő de wa Siő-Nihoő-siki ga Heboő-siki ni uide iru. ƒinami ni watasi ga, [Ù] ja [ţ] o oőka (phonetic value) to suru zibo,, ni zjôhô-rjô ga zero no zizjôhu (diacritic) o ukete iru no wa mozi no kata i no ue ni redundancy o zi ugeő suru tame de aru. Jôsuruni jokei na mono o ukete meda u jô ni sita made no koto de aru. Mata iwajuru haneru-oő ő o na-gjô no siiő no n to wa be u no zibo ő de simesite iru no mo, sore de n to wa be u no oőso o simesu tame de aru koto wa juu made mo nai ga, 6 sono hoka ni jahari redundancy o takame tai to juu nerai ga aru kara de aru. 2 Sa-gjô to na-gjô no siiő T a-gjô no siiő ni uite noberu ni sakida i, kore to jôoő-teő 7 ga niteiru sa-gjô to na-gjô no siiő o siraberu koto ni suru. to s a a s s i i s s u u s s e e s s o o s sää s süü s söö s n a a n n i i n n u u n n e e n n o o n nää n nüü n nöö n to o hikaku suru to, boiő no a s to a n no neiro ga joku nite iru to kaőzirareru. Sore to tomoni sukkari onazi to juu wake de wa nai koto ni kizuku. Tatoeba a n wa karui biiő no hibiki o obite iru ga, a s ni wa sono jô na toku jô wa mitomerarenai. Ika i s to i n, u s to u n nado no igai mo a s to a n no igai to heikô-teki de aru. Kono zizi u kara ugi no jô na koto ga ieru. a s to a n wa sorezore s a to n a no usiro to juu kotonatta oő-kaőkjô ni ai-oginau jô ni buőpu site iru (a s to a n wa sôhobuőpu complementary distribution o nasite iru). a s to a n no neiro no igai wa sorezore ga sorezore no oőkaőkjô ni dôka (assimilate) sita tame ni umareta mono to minasu koto ga dekiru. ƒumari a s to a n wa onazi oőso a no zi ugeő-kei de aru. i s, i n ika ni uite mo dôjô no koto ga ieru. Izjô huta u no keire u no boiő ga do ira mo sorezore a, i, u, e, o, ä, ü, ö 6Haneru-oő to na-gjô no siiő wa be u no oőso de aru. 7ƒôoő-teő to wa sita (ze u) ga uwaago ni sessjoku site iru ka arui wa mottomo sekkiő site iru tokoro.

4 Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata 4 to juu boiő-oőso no zi ugeő-kei de aru koto o kakuniő sita. ƒugi ni siiő ni me o teőzite mi jô. wa tagai ni joku nite iru. Mata, s a, s i, s u, s e, s o, sä, sü, sö n a, n i, n u, n e, n o, nä, nü, nö mo tagai ni joku nite iru. Keredo do ira no keire u no siiő mo tagai ni kaőzeő ni onazi de wa nai. Iroiro na teido de kotonatte iru. Daga, sono kotonari-kata wa huta u no keire u no aida de heikôteki de aru. Tatoeba, s e to n e wa s a to n a to kuraberu to kôgai-ka (palatalize) site iru ga, s i to n i no kôgai-ka hodo hanahadasiku wa nai, nado. Korera no kotonari-kata wa usiro ni uzuku boiő-oőso a, i, u, e, o, ä, ü, ö no eikjô ni joru mono to kaőgaerareru. ƒumari, s a ika no siiő ojobi n a ika no siiő ga sorezore tagai ni kotonatte iru no wa korera no boiő-oőso no mae ni ai-oginau jô ni buőpu (sôho-buőpu) site, ka u, sorezore no oő-kaőkjô ni dôka site iru tame to juu koto ga dekiru. Sitagatte, to s a, s i, s u, s e, s o, sä, sü, sö n a, n i, n u, n e, n o, nä, nü, nö wa sorezore onazi hito u no oőso s to n no zi ugeő-kei de aru to juu koto ga dekiru. Izjô no koto kara sa-gjô to na-gjô no haku wa ugi no jô ni simesareru koto ga tasikamerareta. sa, si, su, se, so, sä, sü, sö na, ni, nu, ne, no, nä, nü, nö 3 T a-gjô no siiő T a-gjô wa dô de arô ka? T a-gjô mo mata sa-gjô to na-gjô ni naratte ugi no jô ni simesu koto ga dekiru.

5 Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata 5 t a a t t i i t t u u t t e e t t o o t tää t tüü t töö t Saki to onazi te uzuki ni jotte a t, i t, u t, e t, o t, ä t, ü t, ö t wa boiő-oőso no keire u a, i, u, e, o, ä, ü, ö no zi ugeő-kei de aru to juu koto ga dekiru. a s i s u s e s o s ä s ü s ö s a i u e o ä ü ö a n i n u n e n o n ä n ü n ö n a t i t u t e t o t ä t ü t ö t ƒugi ni siiő o keőtô sijô. t a, t i, t u, t e, t o, tä, tü, tö Korera no siiő ga sôho-buőpu o nasite iru koto wa sorezore ga kotonaru boiő no mae ni arawarete iru no da kara juu made mo nai koto de aru. Mata jôoő-teő no kotonari-kata ga s a ika no siiő ojobi n a ika no siiő no sore to heikô-teki de aru. Kono heikô-teki na kotonari-kata wa sorezore no kaőkjô ni dôka sita tame to minaseru. Sikasi jôoő-hô (manner of articulation) no kotonari-kata wa sagjô, na-gjô no siiő no sore to heikô-teki de wa nai. Sunawa i wa heisa-oő de aru noni t a, t e, t o t i, t u, tä, tü, tö wa hasa u-oő de aru. Tokoroga sa-gjô to na-gjô no siiő wa sorezore dono kaőkjô de mo ikkaő site onazi jôoő-hô ga torarete iru. Sa-gjô no siiő de wa ku imuro ni sebame ga keisei sarete iru. Na-gjô no siiő de wa ku imuro ni heisa ga keisei sarete, ka u, naőkôgai ga sagatte iru. Sore wa ikkaő site mirareru toku jô de aru. Ippô t a, t e, t o de wa ku imuro ni heisa ga keisei sare, sono kaihô ni tomonatte jowai kirjû (air stream) no hôsju u ga ari, sono ato boiő e to u utte juku. Tokoroga t i, t u, tä, tü, tö de wa heisa ga tokareta ato ni onazi jôoőteő de sebame ga izi sareru mizikai ma ga atte, hagesiku midareta kirû ga umare, kore ga hakkiri to sita sôoő (noise) to site kikoe, uide boiő ni u utte juku.

6 Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata 6 T a-gjô no siiő no hutairo no jôoő-hô wa, naruhodo ai-oginau igai de wa aru ga, kaőkjô-dôka ni joru mono to minasenai. Wareware wa t i, t u, tä, tü, tö no jôoő-teő o sono mama ni site oite, jôoő-hô o subete hasa u-oő kara heisa-oő ni kirikae (ima kari ni sono siiő o τ de simesu to), τ i i τ, τ u u τ, τää τ, τüü τ, τöö τ to ha uoő suru koto ga tajasuku dekiru. Sorera wa ti, tu, t j a, t j u, t j o no jô na haku to naru de arô. Sitagatte t i, t u, tä, tü, tö o heisa-oő t a, t e, t o no kotonatta zicugenkei (variant) to minasu koto wa dekinai. t a, t e, t o no rui to t i, t u, tä, tü, tö no rui to o onazi oőso no zi ugeő-kei to site matomeru wake ni wa ikanai no de aru. 8 t a, t e, t o no tagai no kotonari-kata wa s a, s e, s o aruiwa n a, n e, n o no tagai no kotonari-kata to heikô-teki de aru. Sore wa boiő a, e, o no mae ni tatte, sono kaőkjô ni dôka site iru kara de aru. Sitagatte, t a, t e, t o wa hito u no oőso t no zi ugeő-kei de aru to ieru. t i, t u, tä, tü, tö no tagai no kotonari-kata wa s i, s u, sä, sü, sö aruiwa n i, n u, nä, nü, nö no tagai no kotonari-kata to heikô-teki de aru. Sore wa boiő i, u, ä, ü, ö no mae to juu kaőkjô ni sorezore ga dôka site iru kara de aru. Sitagatte, t i, t u, tä, tü, tö wa t to wa be u no oőso no zi ugeő-kei de aru to ieru. t t a t e t o č t i t u tä tü tö 4 T a-gjô no huta u no siiő oőso o kaki-wakeru T a-gjô no siiő oőso ga hutairo aru koto ga kakuniő dekita. Nihoőgo o rômazi de kaku tame no seisjohô ni atte mo korera o kakiwakeru beki de arô. Nazenara oő no taikei ni ga i sita mozi no taikei wa sore o mo iiru hitobito ni totte mottomo sizeő na uzuri-kata to naru hazu de aru kara da. 8 Oőso o niőtei suru tame no kono tezjuő o Hattori wa kaőkjô-dôka no sagjô geősoku to nazukete iru. Kono hoka Taikei-teki kiősei-teki buőpu no sagjô geősoku, Taőzjuő ka u kiősei-teki kôzô no sagjô geősoku, Keizai no sagjô geősoku ga aru ga, korera wa oőso o niőtei suru sagjô o susumeru ue no mitôsi de atte, saigo-teki kettei-keő wa kaőkjô-dôka no sagjô geősoku ni aru to suru [5, p.319].

7 Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata 7 Kurikaesi ni naru ga, t a, t e, t o to t i, t u, tä, tü, tö wa sorezore be u no oőso no zi ugeő-kei de aru kara be u no zibo o ategau no ga tadasii jarikata de aru. t a, t e, t o ni wa t ga husawasii de arô. t i, t u, tä, tü, tö ni taisite wa c, C, ç aruiwa kono roőbuő de saijôsarete iru nado iroiro kôho ga aru. 9 ta-gjô wa ugi no jô ni 2-gjô ni wakareru koto ni naru. ta te to i u ä ü ö Koko made mo iite kita ä, ü, ö no kigô o kore kara wa ja, ju, jo de simesu koto ni suru. 10 ta te to i u ja ju jo Kono 2-gjô ni wa uzuri no ataerarete inai haku ga ja u aru. Sorera wa haku no taikei no akima [5, p. 144,151] to jobareru. Kore ni uite wa ugi no Ÿ5 de hureru koto ni suru. 5 Hoka no geőgo no eikjô de umare ta atarasii haku o dô kaki-arawasu ka? Koko 140 neő hodo no aida ni Eigo nado no Jôroppa-kei no geőgo kara tairjô no taőgo ga junjû sare, geőzai mo nao sono ikioi wa otoroete inai. Sono tame zjûrai wa nakatta atarasii haku (gairaioő) ga iku u mo umareta. Wareware no mezasu seisjohô wa sorera ni taisjo dekinakute wa naranai. T a-gjô ni kakawari no hukai sono jô na haku to site wa ugi no jô na mono ga aru. Ùe ţa ţe ţo ti di tu du t j u d j u Ãe Korera no haku wa wakai sedai ga hanasu Nihoőgo ni hobo tei jaku site iru. Nao, hôgeő ni jotte wa, tatoeba oto aő no [ţa] nado 9 c, C wa kata i kara miru to a, e, o to onazi rui ni nari medatanai. ç no wa Ÿ5 ma ubi de noberu jô ni [si, zi, ţi] o arawasu tame no diacritic to site totte okitai. Sore de o eraőda ga, mozi no kata i no seőtei wa kono roőbuő no têma de wa nai. 10 j wa IPA (Kokusai Oőpjô Zibo) de [i] ni ikai haőboiő to site mo iirarete iru. Ippô y wa ku ibiru no marume o tomonau maezita-sema-boiő ni aterarete iru.

8 Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata 8 ga Jôroppa-kei no geőgo no eikjô o ukeru mae kara soőzai site ita jô da. Korera no haku ni taisite, Kuőrei-siki o sizi suru hitobito kara ugi no jô na teiaő [1, p. 13] ga nasarete iru. 11 Ùe ţa ţe ţo ti di tu du t j u d j u Ãe tye twa twe two t i d i t u d u t yu d yu zye Kono jô na teiaő ga dono jô na hugôri o maneite iru ka wa sugu ato de noberu. Sore to wa be u ni kono aő no ôkina ketteő wa uzuri no taikei (haku no taikei de wa nai) ga sita no hjô ni simesarete iru jô ni kiősei (symmetry) ga torete inai to juu koto de aru. Sono tame manabi nikui taikei to natte iru. ta Ùi ţu te to Ùa Ùu Ùe Ùo ta ti tu te to tya tyu tye tyo da de do da de do ti tu t j u t i t u t yu di du d j u d i d u d yu ţa ţe ţo twa twe two dza Ãi dzu dze dzo Ãa Ãu Ãe Ão za zi zu ze zo zya zyu zye zyo Hjô ni aru tôri, kuőrei-siki de wa [Ùi], [ţu], [Ùu] ni ti, tu, tyu o atete iru tame [ti], [tu], [t j u] ni taisite t i, t u, t yu o ate, [di], [du], [d j u] ni taisite wa kore to heikô-teki ni d i, d u, d yu o ateru. wa boiő no eikjô ga sugu mae no siiő ni ojobu no o tomeru mono to se umei sarete iru. 12 di, du, dyu to juu uzuri wa motomerarete inai. Mosi kari ni kono uzuri o jurusu to, sorezore ti [Ùi], tu [ţu], tyu [Ùu] no dakuoő [Ãi], [dzu], [Ãu] o simesu jô ni natta de arô ga, sore wa zi, zu, zyu ga sudeni simesu koto ni natte iru. Onazi haku ni huta u no uzuri o narabi-tateru wake ni wa ikanai no de (kono 11 Nao, naikaku kuőrei de korera no uzuri ga sitei sarete iru wake de wa nai [2, p. 971] 12 Rômazi: Rômazi no kakikata de wa /t/, /d/ ga sore ni uzuku /i/, /u/, /yu/ no sita (ze u Kirikae) no kata i ni hikizurarezu ni sono mama ha uoő sareru to se umei sarete iru. [1, p. 14]

9 Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata 9 teő de wa Kuőrei-siki wa ma igatte inai), di, du, dyu to juu uzuri wa hu-hi ujô to nari, kekkjoku hômurareta no de aru. di, du, dyu no uzuri ga ukaenai jô ni mizukara no te-asi o sibatte simatta to itte mo jokarô. Sikasi ukawanai to kimeta to site mo kaőzeő ni hômurisaru koto wa hukanô de aru. Sono rijû wa ato de noberu. twa, twe, two wa kana-hjôki,, o nazotta ni suginai. [ţa] tua twa [ţe] tue twe [ţo] tuo two Koko de ku ibiruoő-ka (labialization) o aőzi suru w o ukau no wa hutekise u de aru. tw o [ţ] to musubi ukeru no wa okkaő ni i izirusiku haősuru. Korera no uzuri wa musiro [t w a], [t w e], [t w o] o simesu tame ni totte oku beki de aru. twa [t w a] twe [t w e] two [t w o] Ku ibiruoő-ka o simesu w wa mata geőkwaő [ge k w að] nado no iwajuru gôjôoő 13 o mo u hôgeő no tame ni totte oku beki de aru. Kana no uzuri no nazori da to suru teő de wa onazi da ga, hasa uoő no haku twa nado no uzuri no hassei ni uite no Hattori no se umei wa ue de kokoromita se umei to kotonatte iru. Hattori wa : = : Ùi : Ùa = ţu : ţa ti : tya = tu : twa to juu suiroő kara kaőgae-dasareta mono to site iru [5, p. 213]. Siő-Nihoő-siki de wa ugi no jô ni uzuru. Ùe ţa ţe ţo ti di tu du t j u d j u Ãe je a e o ti di tu du tju dju zje Korera no uzuri wa ta-gjô no huta u no siiő oőso o kakiwaketa koto kara zidôteki ni mi ibikareru hi uzeő-teki ki jaku de aru. Korera no atarasii haku wa zjûrai no haku no taikei ni atta akima o umeru mono de aru. ƒugi no jô na haku to uzuri no taikei ga seiri u site iru. 13.

10 Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata 10 ta ti tu te to t j u ta ti tu te to tju da di du de do d j u da di du de do dju ţa Ùi ţu ţe ţo Ùa Ùu Ùe Ùo a i u e o ja ju je jo dza Ãi dzu dze dzo Ãa Ãu Ãe Ão za zi zu ze zo zja zju zje zjo Kuőrei-siki o osu hitobito no taikei to kurabe, haruka ni kiősei no toreta uzuri no taikei to natte iru. Mata sore wa haku no taikei ni mo ga i site iru. Sono tame kiwamete manabi jasuku, mata jokkaő ni mo uttaeru. Ôku no hito wa ta-gjô no huta u no siiő oőso no kakiwake o sitte sae ireba, tokuni osierarenakute mo korera no uzuri no jomi ga wakaru no de wa nai ka (Kuőrei-siki o sizi suru hitobito no aő de wa sô wa ikanai). Sore dokoro ka jomi o kiita dake de uzuri ga tadasiku mi ibiki-daseru no de wa nai ka. Kono hjô wa atarasii haku no dônjû ni ôziru daőrjoku-sei ga Siő-Nihoő-siki ni aru koto o hakkiri simesite iru. Hjô ni wa mu u no akima ga aru ga, kore ni uite mo ôku no hito wa tokuni osierarenakute mo i i site sorera o umeru koto ga dekiru no de wa nai darô ka. Neő no tame ni simesu to, t j a t j e t j o d j a d j e d j o tja tje tjo dja dje djo to uzuru hazu de aru. Gairai-oő no haku ni sinajaka ni taiô dekiru to juu teő de Siő-Nihoő-siki wa Kuőrei-siki ni kurabete utagai mo naku sugurete iru. Kono hoka ni, jahari ta-gjô no haku to jukari no hukai [ţi] o dô kaku beki ka kaőgaete mijô. Ue no hjô o mireba wakaru jô ni [ţi] to juu haku no tame no akima wa nai. i [Ùi] ga husaide iru. [si] to [zi] no tame no akima mo nai. Sorezore si [Si] to zi [Ãi] ga husaide iru. Sono tame korera no haku wa, ue de nobeta akima o umeru haku to kuraberu to Nihoőgo ni tei aku sinikui haku de aru [5, pp ]. Korera no haku ga Nihoőgo ni hairikomi nikui rijû o kono jô ni akiraka ni site kureta koto o wareware wa Hattori ni kaősya sinakereba naranai. [ţi] to juu haku ni taisite Kuőrei-siki o sizi suru hitobito ga dono jô na teiaő o site iru ka sirabe ga uite inai ga, mosi kana no uzuri o nazoru to juu jarikata de uzuru no nara twi to naru de arô.

11 Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata 11 Hattori wa, twi ga [ţi] tui twi : = : a : i = ţa : ţi a : i = twa : twi to juu suiroő kara kaőgae-dasareta to site iru [5, p. 213]. [ţi] wa mata [ti] to onazi uzuri no t i to ajamatte uzurareru koto ga okori eru. [ţu] o tu to uzuru no da kara [ţi] wa ti to uzuritaku naru ga, ţu : ţi = tu : X X = ti sikasi, ti wa [Ùi] de arukara, [ţi] wa t i to kakeru no de wa nai ka, to juu utagai ga umare eru kara de aru. ga boiő no eikyô o tomeru mono de aru no da kara. Tokorode [ţi] no dakuoő [dzi] wa dono jô ni uzuru no ga ii darô ka? to onaziku kara zwi o hippatte kuru no de arô ka? [dzi] zui zwi Soretomo boiő kara no eikjô o tomeru o ukatte z i to suru no de arô ka? zi [Ãi] z i [dzi] Kuőrei-siki no taikei kara sureba izure ni mo soőzai suru keőri ga aru. Soredokoro ka dwi to juu uzuri sae mo keőri o sju jô si kanenai. Onazi koto wa [si] ni uite mo atehamaru. swi to subeki ka, aruiwa s i to subeki ka? [si] sui swi si [Si] s i [si] Kono jô ni onazi haku ni taisite huta u no uzuri ga narabita i eru no wa sore o jurusu taikei ni kekkaő ga aru kara de aru. Si Ùi Ãi ti di ţi dzi si si ti zi t i d t i twi z i zwi s i swi

12 Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata 12 Hattori wa sa-gjô no si [Si] to kube u suru tame ni [si] o ³i to uzuru jô teiaő site iru [5, p. 212]. Kono dakuoő [dzi] wa tôzeő zi to naru. [ţi] wa korera to heikô-teki ni i to kaku hoka nai. Hito u kimereba nokori huta u wa zidôteki ni kimaru. Saki ni nobeta jô ni korera no haku no simeru beki akima wa nai. Kono atarasii haku no tame ni Hattori wa atarasii zibo o ukuru hi ujô ga atta. ³i, zi, i wa haku no taikei no sukima [5, p152] ni sinobikoőda haku de aru. Si Ùi Ãi ti di ţi dzi si si i zi ti di i zi ³i 6 Kuőrei-siki no hataő to jo u-gana moődai no saisjû-teki kaike u Kuőrei-siki no kekkaő wa gairaioő nado no haku ni umaku taiô dekinai koto ni aru dake de wa nai. ƒugi no taőgo o kaőgaete mijô: waruzie, kozu umi, ikazika, unezune, kakezjawaő. Kuőrei-siki de kono jô na taőgo o uzurô to suru to hômutta hazu no di, du, dyga hukka u suru kanôsei ga aru. Kaki-te ta i ni cugi no jô na nisjatakui u no majoi ga umareru kara de aru. 14 tie { waruzie warudie tutumi { kozutumi kodutumi tikai { tikazika tikadika tune { tunezune tunedune tyawan { kakezyawan kakedyawan Nazenara, ue no jô na keitai-roő-teki kôtai ni deau to, kaki-te ta i wa t z/_i, u, ya, yu, yo sunawa i i, u, ya, yu, yo no mae de t o z ni kakikaeru to juu kisoku o sitte ite mo, ta inada, teru hideri, to amado, takai takadaka 14Heboő-siki wa i zi no kôtai ni kaősite wa moődai ga okoranai. chie warujie to hito-tôri ni sadamaru. Sikasi u zu no kôtai de wa majoi o umu. { kozutsumi tsutsumi kodzutsumi

13 Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata 13 nado ni mirareru jô na no kakikae ni hikizurarete, ka u, ni mirareru t d saku osozaki no sakura s z to juu kakikae no keősei [5, p. 211] o ukete (s ga z ni kakikaerareru koto ni cjûi ga itte, t o z ni kakikaeru koto ga jokusei sarete), sara ni, uzuri no taikei ni di, du, dj- ga simeru beki akima ga aru tame, di, du, dj- to juu uzuri ga kaőtaő ni hukka u suru kara de aru. Hattori wa kore o taikei ga kowareru [5, p. 211] to hjôsite iru. Mata, { yonzya dame yonde wa dame yondya dame ni mirareru majoi mo umareru de arô. Naze nara, to juu tehoő ga aru kara, kaite wa dame kaitya dame t : ty = d : X X = dy to juu ruisui (analogy) ga okiru kara de aru [5, p. 211]. Kono jô na koto ga naze okoru no ka to ieba, 50-oő-zu ni sitagatte haku no uzuri o kimeta kara de aru. ta, ti, tu, te, to, tya, tyu, tyo wa aruiwa ta te to či ču čja čju čjo ta ti tu te to tja tju tjo a i u e o ja ju jo 15

14 Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata 14 no 2-gjô ni wakenakereba naranai ta-gjô o, 50-oő-zu no tôri 1-gjô no mama ni site oite, kikai-teki ni sono haku o uzutta mono ni hokanaranai. Siő-Nihoő-siki ni sitagau nara ue de nobeta majoi wa subete hussjoku sareru. ni wa z igai ni kôtai suru aite ga inai kara de aru. č z čie waruzie, čučumi kozučumi, čika(i) čikazika čune čunezune, čjawaő kakezjawaő Mata Siő-Nihoő-siki de wa jondja dame to kaki-ajamaru koto wa nai. Naze nara, dja ga [d j a] o simesite [Ãa] o simesanai kara de aru. Sarani mata, kaite wa dame kaičja dame to juu tehoő ga aru kara t : čj = d : X X = zj to juu ruisui ga okoru koto to nari, joőde wa dame joőzja dame to uzuru hoka nai kara de aru. Kuőrei-siki wa kana to juu kodai ni ukurareta oőse u-mozi no kubiki kara kaőzeő ni tokarete wa inakatta no de aru. Nihoőgo no oő ni jûzi u na no de wa naku, 50-oő-zu ni jûzi u datta to ieru. Siő-Nihoő-siki ni wa kisoku o tatete, okori uru seisjohô kara i uda u sita uzuri o osaekomu to juu koto ga nai. Majoi no ne o tatte iru kara de aru. Kô site iwajuru jo ugana moődai 16 wa Siő-Nihoősiki uzuri-kata ni oite hazimete, kaőzeő ni kaike u sareta no de aru. 15Neő no tame kono 2-gjô no jomi o simesu. ta ti tu te to t j a t j u t j o ţa Ùi ţu ţe ţo Ùa Ùu Ùo 16 to, to no kakiwake ni kaősite okoru moődai.

15 Rômazi Nihoőgo-buő no i to u no uzuri-kata 15 References [1] Tatuoka Hirosi. Rômazi: Rômazibun no kakikata. Nippon-no- Rômazi-Sya, [2].., 1955/1966. [3].., 1920/1981. [4].., [5].., 1979.