4 - Tues Junichi Ito.Commercialization

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1 Higashimaru Co.,Ltd. Jun-ichi Ito

2 About us Company name : Higashimaru Co.,Ltd. Year of establishment : 1979 Head office : Kagoshima pref., Japan Number of employees : 171 Major business area : aquaculture feed, food Common stock : 63.9 million yen Revenue : 8,568 million yen (215) Head office Tokyo Formula feed Food For larvae For prawn For fish Flied noodles Instant noodles Soup

3 Microalgae Aurantiochytrium Microalgae industry Oil Squalene DHA Astaxanthin Aurantiochytrium residue Chapter 1 (For protein) Pharmaceuticals Cosmetics Chemicals Health foods Biofuel Feed Chapter 2 (For DHA)

4 Today s topic Chapter 1. Utilization of Aurantiochytrium residue as a protein source for aquaculture Chapter 2. Application of algae as a DHA source for aquaculture

Vitamins Minerals Others Binder Fish oil Trends in aquaculture feed Composition of fish feed Fish meal Imported from Peru, Chile yen/t 18, 16, 14, 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, Price of fish meal Increasing

5 Vitamins Minerals Others Binder Fish oil Trends in aquaculture feed Composition of fish feed Fish meal Imported from Peru, Chile yen/t 18, 16, 14, 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, Price of fish meal Increasing demand Source: Compiled by Fisheries Agency based on Ministry of Finance, Trade Statistics. Aquaculture requires a lot of fish meal. Diet containing low or no fish meal Is it possible to use algae as protein source of the diet?

6 Comparison with major protein source Proximate analysis (%) Fish meal Soybean Corn meal gulten meal Residue Moisture Crude protein Crude lipid Crude ash Essential amino acid profile comparing with fish meal (%) Lys His Arg 15 Thr Val 1 5 Met Lack of methionine Phe Leu Soybean meal Ile Lys His Arg 3 Thr Val 2 1 Add crystal amino acid Phe Leu Ile Met Lack of lysine Corn gulten meal Lys Hydrocarbon-extracted residue of Aurantiochytrium His Arg 15 Thr Val 1 5 Phe Leu Ile Met Same as fish meal Aurantiochytrium residue Residue is excellent protein source for aqua feed

4 g, 2 fishes / tank Tank :1 L Water :filtered sea water(23.2~28.

7 ⅰ)Feeding trial with Kuruma prawn Objective: investigate whether residue can be applied for the diet Rearing conditions Treatments: control, residue 2.5%, residue 5% Fish :Kuruma prawn, mean body weight.4 g, 2 fishes / tank Tank :1 L Water :filtered sea water(23.2~28.1 ) Feeding :once a day, evening Mean body weight( g) Con trol Residue 2.5% Residue 5.% Weeks Dairy feeding rate(% ) DFR FE Con trol Res2.5% Res5.% Same performance among the tests Feed efficiency(% )

5%, residue 5% Fish :Red sea bream, mean body weight 22 g, 15 fishes / tank Tank :1 t Water :filtered sea water(23.2~27.

8 ⅱ)Feeding trial with red sea bream Objective: investigate whether residue can be applied for the diet Rearing conditions Treatments: control, residue 2.5%, residue 5% Fish :Red sea bream, mean body weight 22 g, 15 fishes / tank Tank :1 t Water :filtered sea water(23.2~27.6 ) Feeding :twice a day, satiation Mean body weight( g) Con trol Residue 2.5% Residue 5.% Weeks Dairy feeding rate(% ) DFR FE Con trol Res2.5% Res5.% Same performance among the tests Feed efficiency(% )

ⅲ)Feeding trial with abalone Objective: investigate whether residue can be applied for the diet Rearing conditions Treatments: control, residue 5%, residue 1% Fish :Abalone, mean body weight 8.

9 ⅲ)Feeding trial with abalone Objective: investigate whether residue can be applied for the diet Rearing conditions Treatments: control, residue 5%, residue 1% Fish :Abalone, mean body weight 8.2 g, 3 fishes / tank Tank :1 t Water :filtered sea water(2.~27.5 ) Feeding :once a day, evening Mean body weight( g) Con trol Residue 5% Residue 1% Weeks Dairy feeding rate(% ) DFR FE Con trol Res5% Res1% Same performance among the tests Feed efficiency(% )

aqua feed Residue can replace fish meal. ~5% ~5% ~1% or higher http://www.kusudama.

10 Summary 1.Utilization of Aurantiochytrium residue as a protein source Residue is excellent protein source for aqua feed Residue can replace fish meal. ~5% ~5% ~1% or higher Kuruma prawn Red sea bream Abalone If algal residue could be adopted in all species... Aquaculture feed 28, t 5%=14, t

11 Today s topic Chapter 1. Utilization of Aurantiochytrium residue as a protein source for aquaculture Chapter 2. Application of algae as a DHA source for aquaculture

12 What is DHA? C22:6n-3 (ω3 fatty acid) produced by marine microalgae transfer to fish by bioaccumulation Effects of DHA on human Maintaining functional development of the brain Preventing cardiovascular disease and cognitive deficit Effect of DHA on human (kg/person) Annual seafood consumption Japan China USA World India Japanese government recommends taking 1 g/day of EPA and DHA. About.8 g/day (average) (FAO:Food balance sheets, MAFF, Food Balance Sheet ) Is it possible to enrich DHA content of seafood?

ⅰ) Kuruma prawn Objective: to produce DHA enriched seafood Rearing conditions 1.5 DHA 2.1 DHA Treatments: control, DHA algae 2.5%, DHA algae 5% Fish :Kuruma prawn, mean body weight 4.

13 ⅰ) Kuruma prawn Objective: to produce DHA enriched seafood Rearing conditions 1.5 DHA 2.1 DHA Treatments: control, DHA algae 2.5%, DHA algae 5% Fish :Kuruma prawn, mean body weight 4.5 g, 12 fishes / tank Tank :1 L Water :filtered sea water(14.8~25.1 ) Feeding : once a day, evening Mean body weight (g) Control DHA algae 2.5% DHA algae 5.% Weeks Same performance DHA content (%).2.1. Control DHA algae 2.5% DHA algae 5.% DHA content 3%UP

14 ⅱ)Red sea bream Objective: to produce DHA enriched seafood Rearing conditions 1.1 DHA 1.8 DHA Treatments: control, DHA algae 2.5%, DHA algae 5% Fish :Red sea bream, mean body weight 275 g, 15 fishes / tank Tank :1 t Water :filtered sea water(14.4~18.7 ) Feeding :twice a day, satiation Mean body weight (g) Control DHA algae 2.5% DHA algae 5.% Weeks Same performance DHA content (%) Control DHA algae 2.5% DHA algae 5.% DHA content 2%UP

15 Summary 2. Application of algae as a DHA source for aquaculture. It is possible to produce seafood with high DHA content by feeding algal DHA-rich diet. 3%UP 2%UP If people eat these DHA enriched seafood in everyday life... EPA+DHA intake.8 g/day 1.3=1.4 g/day (dietary reference intake)

16 Conclusion Microalgae are excellent protein sources for aquaculture because amino acid profile is similar to that of fish meal. Algal oil-extracted residue can be blended: 5% in kuruma prawn feed and in red sea bream feed, and 1% in abalone feed. It is possible to produce seafood with high DHA content by feeding algal DHA-rich diet. We aspire to establish sustainable aquaculture system which contributes to the health of society through the microalgae products in the future.

17 Acknowledgement This work was supported by Council for Science, Technology and Innovation(CSTI), Cross-ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program (SIP) Funding agency : NARO. Thank you for your kind attention.

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