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3 1 2009 12 4 1 2 2010 1 14 1 14 3 2010 3 28 1960 1963 2009 2 8 2009 6 2010 1 3 10 2012 109 115 2010 6 98 2011 5 4
2013 3 17 2013 3 13 6
2 2013 2 26 2004 2008 20 2007 2011 2003 2012 4 1 participant observation
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1993 95 2003 06 2000 6 5 2 3 6 5 6 3 4 1 2 3 4 3 3 5 2 1 6 4 4 3 4 4 1 2 5 2 6 1 2 3 5 2 3 6 2
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4 1955 71 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 4 7 7 8 11 21 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 22 22 13 15 5 12 2 1972 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 10 12 7 21 8 61960 15 1965 1965 12 12.28 1966 19 1966 4 77 148 20 21
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8 33 2 1 4 1969 3 3 6 2 3 2009 4 2012 4 4 2 2009 1 2 2 2 2004
2008 34 40 25 22 25 9 1 2 5 44 50 100 2011 35 6 5 5 2008 6 2008 74 56 46 34 10 4 0 0 10 61 68 43 43 16 7 5 2 11 135 124 89 77 26 11 5 2 21 No.17 1 2009 5 48 44 44 30 24 26 12 0 12 82 50 50 30 30 23 14 7 11 130 94 94 60 54 49 26 7 23
2 3 1 racism race race color descent national or ethnic origin 1 1980 cultural racism 36
1960 cultural competence 37 1945 2001
38 39 Islamophobia 40 Korea-phobia 41 2005 2004 42 43 1990 1995 2003 ISSP 44 2001 9 11 1954 62 1970 1979 1989 1990 91 1992 95
45 1945 1946 8 over-generalization 46 fierce propagandaracial hate anti-korean hysteria 47 2002 9 48 2 2010 2 24 25 CERD 2 24 NGO NGO 2009 12 4 18 12 49 Diaconu harassment abuse 50
CERD 3 51 CERD 4 racial motivation malicious intent 52 CERD 53 CERD 2011 5 4 CERD 54 CERD CERD 2010
CERD CERD CERD some politicians 55 2 2012 12 CERD 2013 1 CERD 56 CERD prejudice pre judge NHK 2011
57 2002 2009 No.17 1 2007 52 7 2010 176 2011 32 2012 North-Korea-phobia in Contemporary Japan : A Case Study of Political Attacks on Korean Ethnic Schools 2
2006 2007 40 2011 2011 2012 1945 1972 2002 1973 Sonia Ryang, North Koreans in Japan : Language, Ideology, and Identity Westview Press, 1997 3 2001 27 662, 2003 12 1992 2011 35, 2012 2012 150 2003 North-Korea-phobia in Contemporary Japan 1 1998 1930. 2. 1 1932 2 27 1936. 5. 2 2004 2004 1945 1950 1950 1945 49 20 1990 9 2004 1948 1950 13 2008 54, 2011 5 1989 1945 1950 9 2007 39 27 1981 1949 1969 2 1972 170
III 2, 1959 V 3 77 1966 4 12 1966 1966 4 21 1967 2 1967 2 1 1967 6 1999 1997 12 2012 1989 3 2010 1 2012 3 29 http : //www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/shingi/chousa/kokusai/011/gaiyou/ 1319308.htm 2011 5 72 2011 11 12 CERD/C/JPN/CO/3 6, Concluding observations of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, Japan, April 2010, para.22. 24 5 1 2012 2008 2009 3 3 51 2011 Martin Barker, The New Racism, Junction Books, 1981. Paul Gilroy, There Ain t No Black in the Union Jack, Routledge, 1992 1987 Pierre-André Taguieff, The Force of Prejudice, University of Minnesota Press, 2001 1987 E. I. 1995 2007 1 2010 4 2001 2002 5 47 W 2012
20 2007 101 11 2007 54 4, 2004 2010 11 1 30 2000 1986 Edward W. Wagner, The Korean Minority in Japan 1904 1950, International Secretariat, Institute of Pacific Relations, 1951, pp.59 62. 535 2010 5 CERD/C/SR. 1987 Summary record of the 1987th meeting, March 2010, para. 56. CERD Concluding observations, para.13. CERD/C/SR. 1988 Summary record of the 1988th meeting, Oct. 2010, para.19. CERD Concluding observations, para.13. 2013 1 CERD Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Combined Periodic Report by the Government of Japan under Article 9 of the International Convention on Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination : JAPAN, Jan 2013, para.81 CERD Concluding observations, para.22. 2013 1 110 NHK 2011 12 9
A Proposal for the Trial on Hate Speeches to A Korean School in Japan Ryuta Itagaki This paper is a proposal for a trial held at the Kyoto District Court on hate speeches to a Korean School in Japan. Firstly, I examined the present situation of Korean schools including comparison of their curriculums with that of Japan and North Korea, historical change of their textbooks and organizations related to their education. Secondly, I argued that the concept of the right to ethnic education minzoku kyouiku ken has been worked out in the history of oppression and resistance of ethnic education by Koreans in Japan. Thirdly, I discussed that the parents have selected Korean schools hoping for the acquisition of Korean language and the ethnic pride, and that they recognize Korean schools as our schools. Lastly, I demonstrated that the speeches and actions in Kyoto 2009 were the typical racist incident not only in historical perspective but also in comparative perspective with the cases in the other countries. Key words : Korean School in Japan, Rights to Ethnic Education, Racism