1986 2011b; 2012 2008 1 2012 2 1 2012 2014 2013 58 Vol. 60, No. 3, July 2014
2 2000 1. 開発計画の概要 (1) 中越党指導部による決定 2001 12 2007 11 167 2007 2015 2025 167 TKV VINACOMIN 2008 7 Chalieco 8 (2) 政府による国会報告 3 59
2009 5 4 55 3 21 25 35 9 7500 8 600 2 1700 44 TKV Chalieco 2007 2015 2025 100 132 13 1 2008 2010 2 2011 2015 3 3 2016 2025 2011a 2011b 2 1 2013 2. 市民による批判の論点 (1) 民主主義の原則違反 1 2006 6 66 60 Vol. 60, No. 3, July 2014
66 30% 66 2 5 1996 2010 3 6 4 7 2011b 2014 6 (2) 治安 安全保障上の問題 中国人労働者の流入への警戒 1 2013 2009 3 61
2 2012 (3) 開発対象地域への社会 文化的影響への懸念 162 FULRO FULRO 2001 2004 1639 700 230 861 83 15 1500 1700 TKV (4) 環境への影響に対する不安 62 Vol. 60, No. 3, July 2014
1 5 2010 10 100 m 3 ph 12.5 (5) 経済効果への疑念 TKV 13 1 362 493 10 2011b 3. 法規 政策の修正 (1) 事業管理体制の整備 2009 10 TKV 63
TKV 2011b (2) 外国人労働者の管理強化 2009 9 2012 TKV 2012 (3) 鉱産物法の改正 鉱物資源採掘の管理強化 2010 6 1996 2005 2011 11 1996 2012 (4) 開発計画の見直し 2010 11 64 Vol. 60, No. 3, July 2014
2012 1. 第 1 回調査 (2012 年 2 月 ) 2012 2 1 4 8 (1) 民主主義の原則 情報公開 説明責任の不足 1 1 ha 2 4000 m 2 4 2012 2 TKV 9 3 2013 1 (2) 中国人労働者問題 中国 脅威 論とのギャップ 2 65
(3) 社会 文化的影響 少数民族チャウマーの事例 3 2 3 km 26 2008 2009 TKV 1 4 TKV (4) 環境への影響 工場建設による環境被害 4 360 m 2 2 TKV TKV 1 TKV 2012 2 2012 66 Vol. 60, No. 3, July 2014
TKV 1 7 8 1 2011 8 2500 2012 4 1.83 2000 2012 (5) 経済効果 地元への波及効果は証明できず 5 1 10 1 1 10 1 1 7.5 2. 第 2 回調査 (2014 年 9 月 ) 2 2014 9 2 1 1 5 2 3 1 1 5 4 10 67
(1) 住民への説明責任 異議申し立てはできず 1 2 thôn 2005 1 m 1500 6 1 250 (2) 地元への経済効果 雇用機会拡大の証左なし 10 15 1500 1700 3 (3) 環境への影響 汚染による被害 2 3 2013 2 4 5 68 Vol. 60, No. 3, July 2014
3 2 2014 4 2013 2014 5 4 2014 6 2014 3 4 km 725 20 769 2 6 1 69
2014 8 1 2014b; Nakano, 2014 1. 総合的開発戦略の不備 2 (1) 主観的 予算計画 2013 5 TKV 2009 6 7000 2013 3 1 8200 30% 2 3 4000 8500 2013 5 7000 8000 3 5000 1 500 1 362 TKV 1 450 1 50 3000 2014a (2) インフラ建設の遅れ 2007 167 TKV 500 2015 100 150 2025 250 300 70 Vol. 60, No. 3, July 2014
12 TKV 5 2013 2 TKV 2014a (3) 中国企業の技術レベルの問題 TKV 2014a b (4) 政府 企業の説明 TKV 1 2 3 2010 4 5 TKV Chalieco 4 5 2014a 71
(5) 事故の発生 安全対策の問題 2014 5 1 1 2014 10 5000 m 3 5 7 km 2 TKV 2014b 2014 2 1192 5000 5 2014b 2. ガバナンスの前提条件の欠如 (1) 公式見解と現状の乖離 2012 2 3 72 Vol. 60, No. 3, July 2014
1 (2) 自由な議論の制限 2013 3 11 CODE CODE CODE 12 (3) 都市部と開発地域のコミュニケーションの欠如 2009 4 73
2012 74 Vol. 60, No. 3, July 2014
TKV 1 2007 2009 3 3 100 1 3000 2012 2 1 2 3 2007: 277 3 2007 12 2007 2008 2012 4 Toa n văn ba o ca o cu a Chi nh phu gư i Quô c hô i vê bô-xi t http://www.vietnamnet.vn/, 24/05/2009 (2011a 5 1996 Công ho a Xa hô i Chu nghĩa Việt Nam 1996 2011a 6 Cô ng ho a Xa hô i Chu nghĩa Việt Nam 2014b 7 Cô ng ho a Xa hô i Chu nghĩa Việt Nam 2011b 8 1 2012 9 Cô ng ho a Xa hô i Chu nghĩa Việt Nam, 2014a: 28 Cô ng ho a Xa hô i Chu nghĩa Việt Nam, 2014c: 12 ibid.:14 90 180 ibid.: 75 75
10 2 2014b 11 2013; 2014a 12 CODE Viện Tư Vấn Pha t Triê n - CODE, 2010: 215 日本語 2000 125 31 44 2011 133 182 2012 169 73 87 2011a 12 5 678 66 78 2011b 7 1 9 2012 Proceedings of The Twenty-second Symposium on Geo-Environments and Geo-Technics, Japanese Society of Geo-Pollution Science, Medical Geology and Urban Geology (PMUG) 115 120 2013 Proceedings of The Twenty-third Symposium on Geo-Environments and Geo-Technics, Japanese Society of Geo-Pollution Science, Medical Geology and Urban Geology (PMUG) 95 98 2014a 52 171 189 2014b Proceedings of The Twenty-fourth Symposium on Geo-Environments and Geo-Technics, Japanese Society of Geo-Pollution Science, Medical Geology and Urban Geology (PMUG) 151 156 2007 英語 Nakano, Ari (2014), Concerns fester in Vietnam over China policy, industrial pollution, AJW Forum, http:// ajw.asahi.com/article/forum/politics_and_economy/southeast_asia/aj201410160042. ベトナム語 Cô ng ho a Xa hô i Chu nghĩa Việt Nam (1996), Luâ t Khoa ng Sa n, vietlaw.gov.vn/law.net/docview. do?docid_3796 (2011a), Luâ t Khoa ng Sa n, Nha xuất ba n Tư pha p, Ha Nô i. (2011b), Bô luâ t Lao đô ng, Nha xuất ba n Lao Đô ng. (2014a), Hiê n pha p Năm 2013, Nha xuất ba n Lao Đô ng. (2014b), Luâ t Ba o vê Môi trươ ng, Nha xuất ba n Hô ng Đư c. (2014c), Luâ t Đất Đai năm 2013, Nha xuất ba n Lao Đô ng. Viện Tư Vấn Pha t Triê n CODE (2010), Khai tha c bauxite & pha t triê n bê n vư ng Tây Nguyên, Nha xuất ba n Tri Thư c. a-nakano@ic.daito.ac.jp 76 Vol. 60, No. 3, July 2014