18 : 114 cfl 2011 1 (Kenichiro Matsui) 1990 2000 ( ) 1 2000 2000 2000 2000
2 (stabilizer) I 3 II 1990 2000 III I. 1. 2000 ODA 2001 9 1 2000
3 1 (2006 ) 8,068-1,468 586 490 6.1% 3,567-4,190 3,397 3,316 93.0% 6,025-5,709 4,182 3,610 59.9% 3,043-2,546 2,531 2,359 77.5% 1,978-1,710 856 656 33.2% 8,476-810 394 149 1.8% 6,444-3,819 3,245 2,748 42.6% 494-1,381 1,070 1,070 216.6% 2,134-2,919 2,089 1,769 82.9% 3,863 497 895 570 14.8% 25,181-7,800 5,037 3,890 15.4% 13,125-1,546 3,179 2,916 22.2% 23,800 405 2,194 1,837 7.7% ( 249,997-20,061 23,509 23,054 9.2% 356,195-53,057 53,164 48,434 13.6% () ( -32,810 IMF BPSBalance of Payments Statistics unbanked 2000 1) 2) 3) 4)
4 HTA Home Town Association 2. 3 2 3 1980 1980 1990 1980 90 20 20
5 2 1 2 3 4 5 9,337 123 59 50 48 9,617 94.8% 10,141 97,966 10.4% 828 12 12 11 10 873 87.4% 999 5,474 18.2% 489 24 15 14 7 549 90.4% 607 10,656 5.7% 290 10 8 5 5 318 87.6% 363 6,424 5.7% 226 225 10 9 6 476 90.2% 528 5,053 10.4% 307 218 39 29 11 604 86.0% 702 12,646 5.6% 608 525 174 47 37 1,391 84.5% 1,647 42,321 3.9% 287 88 54 38 37 504 68.1% 740 25,207 2.9% 888 51 18 13 9 979 90.0% 1,088 11,140 9.8% 703 44 17 14 13 791 87.0% 909 7,939 11.4% 570 147 122 28 11 878 92.5% 949 2,597 36.5% 428 88 54 31 22 623 751 7,555 9.9% 1,443 31 20 19 Global Migrant Origin 2007 10 1,523 95.2% 1,600 3,808 42.0% 2 1 1960 (CAFTA- DR) 2 2 (diaspora) 2 2000 1, 2
6 1 2 Migration Policy Institute IMF 1990 2001 I II 3 III II. 1. 2000 1990 1990 Two Corner SolutionsBipolar View (Eichengreen 1994) 21 1 1999 3
7 3 ( GDP 7.7 0.2 4.8 9.6 4.1 0.9 1.3 [%]) ( 67.1 89.1 63.7 14.3 17.7 52.8 32.5 GDP [%]) 77.5 37.9 81.0 21.6 14.2 18.0 38.0 [%] Williamson2003 2 2000 1) 4 2 Williamson 2003 2) 2000 2. 2000 2000 de jure de facto IMF (Reinhart and Rogoff 2004) 14
8 4 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2006 2007 Argentina 14 2 2 2 15 8 8 8 Brazil 14 14 6 14 12 12 12 12 Chile 9 10 10 9 10 10 10 10 Mexico 5 4 12 12 12 12 12 12 Reinhart,Carmen M., Annual ne classi cation 3 Chinn and Ito 3 4 14 2 IMF 2000 3 Chinn and Ito (kaopen_2007.xls) http://web.pdx.edu/~eito/ (Ito) http://www. ssc.wisc.edu/~emchinn/research.html (Chinn) (Chinn and Ito 2002) 3 (Singer 2008)
9 74 1983 2004 III. 2000 2000 18 4 5 5 5 3 1. OLS 8 4 0 + 1 + 2GDP + 3 + 4+ 5+ 6 GDP + 7+ 8 14 ( ne classi cation) 5 4 (2009) 5 GDP GDP GDP GDP 6 Polity IV Polity Index -10 10 7 1 2 CFA Singer 114 0 1 6 DDP Quick Query http://ddp-ext.worldbank.org/ ext/ddpqq/member.do?method=getmembers&userid= 1&queryId=135 7 http://www.systemicpeace.org/polity/polity4.htm Singer
10 3 0.8 1 5 2 2000 3 100 5 4 3 5NAFTA 2. (Rogoff et al. 2004) 8 5 P 10% 1% 8 Rogoff et al. (2004) P.16-P.20(P.18-P.19 )
11 3 1990 4 GDP 3. 20 1980
12 5 ( P ( P ( P ( P 0.1953 0.2426 0.1952 0.1231-0.0748 0.7254 0.5603 0.0326 ** -0.1081 0.1767-0.2593 0.0000 *** -0.0232 0.0795 * 0.0182 0.2374 0.7625 0.0000 *** -0.0257 0.7694 0.3363 0.0542 * 1.3035 0.0000 *** 0.0196 0.0426 ** 0.0460 0.0001 *** 0.0028 0.6000-0.0327 0.0000 *** 0.0223 0.7070-0.2499 0.0000 *** -0.1611 0.0007 *** -0.0061 0.9169 GDP -0.0005 0.9731-0.0280 0.0460 ** 0.0036 0.2572 0.0342 0.0638 ** 0.0143 0.0360 ** 0.0003 0.9202-0.0005 0.0028 *** -0.0077 0.6325-0.0538 0.0034 *** 0.0295 0.0141 ** -0.0022 0.8720 93 102 129 77 0.5021 0.5383 0.3479 0.5330 9 1990 2000 2001 2000 2000 9 P 4 P *** 1%** 5%* 10% 2000 HTA HTA 2008 2000
13 (Castañeda 2008) 1 Castañeda, Jorge G. 2008. Morning in Latin America, Foreign Affairs, Sep-Oct 2008. Chami, Ralph, Adolfo Barajas, Thomas Cosimano, Connel Fullenkamp, Michael Gapen, and Peter Montiel. 2008. Macroeconomic Consequences of Remittances, IMF Occasional Paper, No. 259, 11 March. Chinn and Ito http://web.pdx. edu/~ito/ (Chinn and Ito Financial Openness Index) Eichengreen, Barry. 1994. International Monetary Arrangements in 21st Century, Washington D.C., The BrookingsInstitution. 2009. No.43, pp.73-90.
14 2008.21 : Reinhart, Carmen M. and Kenneth S. Rogoff. 2004. The Modern History of Exchange Rate Arrangements: A Reinterpretation, Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol 119, No.1, pp.1-48. Reinhart, Carmen M Annual ne classi cation (http://terpconnect. umd.edu/~creinhar/papers.html) Rogoff, Kenneth, Aasim M. Husain, Ashoka Mody, Robin Brooks, and Nienke Oomes. 2004. Evolution and Performance of Exchange Rate Regimes, IMF Occasional Paper, No.229. 1992. Singer, David Andrew. 2008. Migrant Remittancesand Exchange Rate Regimesin the Developing World, Cambridge, MITMassachusetts Institute of Technology. 2009. 18 Williamson, John. 2003. Dollarization Does Not Make Sense Everywhere, The Dollarization Debate, Oxford University Press.