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32(2): 149 236 (2008) The Exhibition of Australian Aboriginal Art of 1965 and its Anthropological Background Toshio Matsuyama 1965 4 1986 1992 1965 Key Words Australian Primitive Art, 1965, Tokyo, Dorothy Bennet, Seiichi Izumi 1965 149

32 2 In this short paper I will describe the first Aboriginal art exhibition held in Japan, which had a big impact on Japanese anthropologists. The Exhibition of Australian Aboriginal Art was held in Tokyo in 1965 for around one month and was planned by The Yomiuri Sinbun. This was the first Aboriginal art exhibition accompanied by Aboriginal people not only in Japan but also outside Australia. Unfortunately we have no documents or records about it left today, except for a copy of the catalogue. The exhibition was titled Australian Primitive Art in Japanese, and it mainly displayed artworks from Arnhem Land and Kimberley in the northern part of Australia. The artwork came from the Dorothy Bennet Collection ; she also attended the exhibition in Tokyo. According to a comment on the exhibition by noted novelist Kenzaburou Ooe, the artworks on show symbolized the humane Aboriginal civil society which contrasted with the Japanese people of the time who were forced to be involved in their own modern, complex, atomic power world. For Japanese anthropologists this exhibition gave a chance to directly obtain vivid information on Australian Aboriginal arts. They previously had only academic information about Aboriginal culture through limited resources: some ethnographies like A. P. Elkin s, and W. L. Waner s books from the early 1940s. In 1969, four years after the exhibition, the famous Japanese anthropologist Seiichi Izumi [1915 1970], edited a book with Lance Bennet [son of Dorothy Bennet] entitled Art of the Dreamtime; The Dorothy Bennet Collection of Australian Aboriginal Art ; in Japanese it is called Australian Primitive Art. After this event there were no exhibitions of Aboriginal art held in galleries or museums in Japan until 1986 and 1992. In 1986 The Kobe City Museum and in 1992 The National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka, and The National Museum of Modern Art, Kyoto and Tokyo, held exhibitions of Aboriginal art. At the Kobe exhibition, Dorothy Bennet visited again to display some artwork from Arnhem Land, but the 1992 exhibitions had no connection with the 1965 one but were planned by museum staff who had completed field research in Aboriginal communities in Australia from the 1980s on. Today a number of Japanese galleries and museums have Aboriginal art in their collections and just as importantly these institutions see Aboriginal art more correctly as contemporary art and not primitive art. 1 2 3 20 4 5 150

1 Exhibition of Australian Aboriginal Art 1965 40 5 6 1 1965 9 1 1912 1964 Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies Walker Art Gallery 1965 2 1 1965 5 22 6 3 62 2 151

32 2 6 21 6 2 6 20 1 103 27 150 1 152

60 Australian Aborigines 67 skin skin 4 2 4 Art Of The Dreamtime: The Dorothy Bennett Collection of Australian Aboriginal Art 3 1 103 5 27 2 3 1 1 6 2 153

32 2 R 1969 7 1956 1967 150 1986 7 1956 S. Scougall 1962 1964 67 1963 12 14 2 69 600 1965 1912 1964 57 154

9 Walker Art Gallery 1965 1993 H 2003 13, 19 4 1969 6 10 2 1963 2005 Djon Mundine 1961 1 155

32 2 2 103 39 58 92 101 6 26 32 13 34 46 60 1930 50 2 30 33 37 55 80 89 22 24 36 38 41 51 67 68 73 81 93 94 74 17 2 156

3 R 1969 11 2 17 3 1 2 2 1 1 2 9 157

32 2 4 198 199 209 212 6 7 123 124 80 30 2 1986 1992 5 2 1992 Fiona Foley 1992 12 14 158

3 20 1965 1 1964 1954 55 74 A 1964 30 31 64 159

32 2 82 83 1838 90 A B 104 H 2003 212 217 A 1964 174 2 160

1959 1959 4 Exhibition of Australian Aboriginal Art R Art of The Dreamtime: The Dorothy Bennett Collection of Australian Aboriginal Art 1959 176 1950 161

32 2 1966 3 1963 1963 3 1940 1943 B 1943 1 2 2 Spencer, B. and F. J. Gillenn 1927 The Arunta: A Study of The Stone Age People Spencer, B. 1928 Wanderings in Wild Australia 1 1 1 2 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 B 1943 165, 197 162

83 1944 G Illustrierte Völkerkunde G 1944 1 44 45 57 1944 1944 541, 566 Elkin, A. P. 1938 The Australian Aborigines 569 1950 1943 44 163

32 2 A Black Civilization Warner, W. L. 1937 The Arunta 1965 1960 4 1 1912 H 2003 16 1962 20 1933 164

2 1965 2 1954 55 1962 A 1964 28 R 1969 12 1940 50 1994 21 22, 53 55 60 165

32 2 1958 59 1963 Aboriginal Arts and Crafts 1971 73 Australian Council Aboriginal Arts Board Benjamin, R. 2000 1970 5 Exhibition of 166

Australian Aboriginal Art 1986 1965 1986 6 7 4 1992 5 1992 3 1980 1993 385 386 1982 204 206 1965 167

32 2 3 1 Aboriginal People 2 skin 1980 3 1992 11 1992 1 1 1 4000 1992 6 22 7 3 10 A 1964 Benjamin, R. 2000 Reception and Recognition of Aboriginal Art. In Kleinert, S. and M. Neale (eds), The Oxford Companion to Aboriginal Art and Culture, pp. 454 461, Oxford University Press. Elkin, A. P. 1938 The Australian Aborigines. Angus & Robertson. Australia. 2001 (1944) 3 pp. 529 570 1944 G 1944 H 2003 1982 3 pp. 199 252 1959 1986 1992 5 1992 11 16 11 10 168

1992 1963 1 pp. 17 20 R 1969 B 1943 Spencer, B. 1928 Wanderings Wild Australia. Vol. 1, 2, Macmillan, London. Spencer, B. and F. J. Gillen 1927 The Arunta: A Study of The Stone Age People. Osterhout N. B., The Netherland. 1950 1993 20 pp. 369 386 Walker Art Gallery 1965 Australian Aboriginal Bark Paintings 1912 1964: Exhibition Organized by the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies Canberra. Liverpool. Warner, W. L. 1937 A Black Civilization: A Study of an Australian Tribe. Harper and Row, USA. 1965 1992 12 14 1992 1 1 1992 6 22 23 24 25 26 29 30 7 1 2 3 1965 6 2 1969 6 10 169

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