18 2001 3
1999 11 2000 3 5 2000 4 17 1 UD UD UD UD 2000 10 2001 3 3 UD UD UD 1
Universal Design the design of products and environments to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialized design Ronald L. Mace equitable use flexibility use simple and intuitive use perceptible information tolerance for error low physical effort size and space for approach and use 1961 American National Standard Institute ANSI 1968 1973 1975 1988 1990 ADA The Americans with Disability Act 2
ADA 3
UD 1997 ( E&C ) UD ( AV ) 1997 1 1265 1996 10.1 2001 3 1999 1 8,548 26% 1999 5.6 1997 10 UD UD 10 2025 16 5% 4
UD UD UD a) b) c) d) e) a)1996 b)-d) WG WGJIS ( ) ISO UD Association for WG Electric Home e) (1998) Appliances (2000) (AEHA) (2000) (2001) (1998) (1999) (1999) a) 1996 b)1996 4 ( ) 4 5 (1996) Japan Society for 1999 the Promotion of c) Machine Industry d) Economic Research Institute (JSPMI ERI) e) (1998) (1999) 2001 UD 5
a) b) : c) d) e) a) ( ) c) The Kyoyo-Hin d) 27 (2000)JWA Foundation (2001)ISO 71 (2001) e) (1998) (1999) (2000) (2001) a)1990 24 b) ( ) Japan Toy d) Association e)1992 2001 10 a) ( ) b) Japan Consumers Association c) UD (JCA) a)1998 UD b)jbma/ud ( ) 2001 c) Japan Business WG Machine Makers Association d)1998 web JMBA40 (JBMA) UD e) (2001), (2001), UD (1998) UD (2000)JBMA/UD 2000 ( ) 6
a) b) c) d) e) a) UD ( ) b) (2000-2002) UD Japan Housing c) Equipment & UD System CD-ROM Association ( ) a) Association of Japan Sporting Goods Industries (JASPO) a) PR b) JIS ( ) - Japan Packaging c)2001 Institute UD d) UD 2000/11/29 2000 (2000/10) UD UD e) (2000) a) ( ) c) Research Institute (2000fy) of Human (1999-2001fy) Engineering for d) Quality Life (HQL) e) (1999) a) c)ud UD Universal Design d) UD Consortium (UDC) e)ud UD 7
a) b) c) d) e) a)1999 c) d) Universal Design e) Forum (1999) (UDF) (2000) UD (2000/06) UD (2001/01) a) UF b)uf UF UF c) (2001) : Japan Universal d)uf (2000/.06) UF (2000/11) UF Fashion ( ) Association HP (UF) e) UF (2000) (2001) 2001 NPO a) UI b) WG WG UD-A WG WG CRX Collaboration Web Reseach and c) Exchange d) http://www.crx.gr.jp e) CRX project User Interface Guideline Ver.2 UD7 1999 UI 2001 8
9 UD 279 E C 1992 12 228 20 80 1995 3-6 317 E C 1997 9 25 420 ( ) 1997-1998 16 420 ( ) 1997 65 210 1998 7-1999 4 64 84 26 ( ) ( E&C ) 1998 10-1999 2 1173 65 1998 8-9 15 79 681 1999 8 UD 20 1669 1999 8-9 UD 16 482 1999 12
UD UD ISO a) ISO13407 ( Humancentered design processes for interactive systems) 1999 6 b) ISO/IEC 2000 ISO IEC statement ISO/IEC 71 ISO/COPOLCO ISO/ 2001 TMB ISO/TAG-ah JIS JIS C 9102:96 JIS S 0102:00 JIS S 0021:00 JIS S 0011:00 JIS S 0012:00 JIS S 0114:00 JIS S 0137:00 JIS X 6310:96 10
JIS Z 8500:94 NEQ ISO/DIS 7250.2 JIS Z 8502:94 IDT ISO10075-2:96 JIS Z 8503:98 IDT ISO10075-2:96 JIS Z 8503-3:99 IDT ISO/FDIS 11064-3:99 JIS Z 8504:99 WBGT IDT ISO7243:89 JIS Z 8511:99 IDT ISO9241-1:97 JIS Z 8512:95 ISO9241-2:92 JIS Z 8513:94 MOD ISO9241-3:92 JIS Z 8514:00 JIS Z 8517:99 IDT ISO9241-7:98 JIS Z 8518:98 IDT ISO9241-8:97 JIS Z 8520:99 IDT 9241-10:96 JIS Z 8521:99 IDT ISO9241-11:98 JIS Z 8524:99 IDT ISO9241-14:97 JIS Z 8525:00 JIS Z 8530:00 IDT ISO13407:99 11
2000 6 http://www.meti.go.jp/kohosys/press/0000680/ 1995 4 2000 7 1998 10 1999 8 41 12
1994 4 CD-ROM 1998 3 2001 3 2001 1 23 24 UD UD UD 1997 1999 1 UD UD 13
12 25 The Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board ( Access Board) 1968 ABA The Architectural Barriers Act ABA ADA The Americans with Disabilities Act 508 1996 Telecommunications Act of 1996 ABA The Center for Universal Design UD Trace Research and Development Center UD National Center For Accessible Media Web Access HP Web Play for all guideline UD 14
UD The Center for Universal Design Trace Research and Development Center Center for Inclusive Design and Environmental Access ( ) ( / ) UD Adaptive Environments Center UDEP The Universal Design Education Project UD 1993-94 UD EU INCLUDE Design for All RNIB (Royal National Institute for the Blind: ) Design For All 15
UD 16
UD 10% 1% 2005 50 UD UD UD UD UD UD UD UD UD UD 17
UD UD UD UD 18
UD 7 UD UD UD UD UD 86 39 47 19
UD 106 68 38 20
UD UD UD UD UD UD UD UD UD UD UD 25 19 6 21
UD UD UD UD UD UD UD 87 71 16 22
UD UD UD JIS ISO 1999 ISO13407 JIS Z 8530 CS UD 23
UD UD UD UD UD ( ) UD UD 24
( ) UD ( ) UD ( )UD UD UD UD UD UD UD 25
UD UD UD UD UD 26
UD UD UD UD UD UD UD UD UD PR PR UD UD UD 27
28 UD UD UD UD UD
29
30
(1) (2) (3) (4) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (1) (2) (1) (2) (3) (1) 31
32
33
34
HQL 1992 1994 7 90 178 1999 10 750 12 13 13 16 CAESAR NATO SAE LAA ERGODATA ADAM HQL LAA ERGODATA HQL 35
Indian Anthropometric Dimensions - For Ergonomic Practice 178 34,000 TEL 06-6346-0234 2,200 FAX 06-6346-0456 Http://www.hql.or.jp/ US-ARMY4,000 12,500 2,000 1,000 750 (1997-98) 217 101 59 JIS CD-ROM TEL 0298-61-2300 FAX 0298-61-2303 http://www.aist.go.jp/ljis/theme/final Http://www.aist.go.jp/LJIS /finalreports/anthrop.htm / ( 12 13 ) ( 13 16 ) ( 11 15 ) 36
37 ( 5 14 ) 9 11 10 10 10
CAESER NATO SAE( CARD lab( ) SAE ) TNO 1998/04 2001/09 2002/04 SAE http://www.sae.org/technicalcommittees/caesar.htm ERGODATA 90 LAA 19,000 700 30,000 12,000 30 LAA http://www.univ-paris5.fr/laa/eindex.htm ADAM 6 50 4,530 4,356 8,886 84 (KRISS) 1992 KRISS http://www.kriss.re.kr/kriss2000/english/ TISI (Thai Industriul Standards Institute) 1981-1994 29,000 24,000 http://www.tisi.go.th/ http://www.hql.or.jp/gpd/eng/www /nwl/n14/forum.html 38
( 11 13 ) ( 11 ) ( mm ) ( ) ) 39
JACK EAI RAMSIS TecMath SafeWork SafeWork Que HQL Genicom JACK HQL CAD 40
IT 41
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