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PPV 21 BSkyB 1996 8 2011 2006 Tom Evens & Katrien Lefever 2011, Watching the Football Game: Broadcasting Rights for the European Digital Television Market, Journal of Sport and Social Issues 35(1) Arthur A. Raney, Jennings Bryant 2006, Handbook of Sports and Media, Routledge
1 19 2 IOC 04 10 12 Global TV viewing of Athens 2004 Olympic Games breaks records04 39 00 36 45 2100 IOC Olympic Review 69 Truly Exceptional Games P.48 08 12 3 Television Act, 1954 Section 7. Television broadcasting facilities in respect of certain sporting and other event 4 Hansard Commons Sitting of 23 March 1955 Series 5 Vol. 538 cc2052-3 5 Bill Jaker, Frank Sulek, Peter Kanze 2008 The Airwaves of New York: Illustrated Histories of 156 AM Stations in the Metropolitan Area, 1921-1996, McFarland & Co Inc Pub, p.58 6 2011 p.212 7 Jennings Bryant, Andrea M.Holt (2006), A Historical Overview of Sports and Media in the United States, in Handbook of Sports and Media, Edited by Arthur A. Raney, Jennings Bryant, Routledge, p.30 8 BSkyB 1996 8 p.42 Asa Briggs(1979 The History of Broadcasting in the United Kingdom: Sound and Vision, Oxford University Press, p.799 9 Garry Whannel(1992) Fields in Vision: Television Sport and Cultural Transformation, Routledge, p.43 10 BBC 1986 Peacock,A. (1986),Report of the Committee on financing the BBC, Cm.9824,1986.HSMO BBC ITV 2 11 Bulow, J., Huang, M., & Klemperer, P. (1999) Toeholds and takeovers.
Journal of Political Economy, 107, p.427-545. 12 Harbord, D., & Binmore, K. (2000). Toeholds, takeovers and football. European Competition Law Review, 21(2) 13 http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/leading-article-mr-murdoch-goes-overthe-top-1526661.html 2011 10 10 14 1986 FOXTV TV FCC FOX 4 15 Lord Denis Howell ( 1923 1998) 55 92 93 10 92 IOC 16 PPV 90 B B 17 96 3 6 http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/inside-parliament-peersthreaten-to-rock-the-boat-over-tv-sport-1340541.html 2011 10 10 18 ITC 1990 BBC 91 RA Radio Agency 2003 Office of Communications Ofcom 19 Tom Evens & Katrien Lefever, Watching the Football Game: Broadcasting Rights for the European Digital Television Market, Journal of Sport and Social Issues 35(1) p.46 20 2 p.10 2009 21 Directive/97/36/EC http://eur-lex.europa.eu/lexuriserv/lexuriserv.do?uri=celex:31997l0036:en:html 22 Directive/2007/65/EC
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/lexuriserv/lexuriserv.do?uri=oj:l:2007:332:0027:01:en :HTML 10 3 DIRECTIVE 2010/13/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL http://eur-lex.europa.eu/lexuriserv/lexuriserv.do?uri=oj:l:2010:095:0001:0024:en:pdf Directive/2007/65/EC 3a DIRECTIVE 2010/13/EU 14 23 22 15 24 EU 11 Article 11 Freedom of expression and information 1. Everyone has the right to freedom of expression. This right shall include freedom to hold opinions and to receive and impart information and ideas without interference by public authority and regardless of frontiers. 2. The freedom and pluralism of the media shall be respected. 25 38) Television broadcasting rights for events of high interest to the public may be acquired by broadcasters on an exclusive basis. However, it is essential to promote pluralism through the diversity of news production and programming across the European Union and to respect the principles recognized by Article 11 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. 26. 10 2008 http://koara.lib.keio.ac.jp/xoonips/modules/xoonips/download.php?file_id=14347 27 http://ec.europa.eu/avpolicy/reg/tvwf/implementation/events_list/index_en.htm 28 http://www.satellitetv-news.com/nbc-universal-acquires-u-s-media-rights-to- 2014-2016-2018-and-2020-olympic-games/ 2011 10 10 29 08 EST 10 10 8 14 7 8 30 EBU OTI ABU 31 11 10 27 AP http://jp.reuters.com/article/idjp2011102701000974 32 http://www.france24.com/en/20090218-sportfive-bags-european-rights-2014-
2016-olympics- 33 http://www.olympic.org/fr/commission-des-droits-de-television-et-nouvellesmedias?articleid=72273 34 200 100 35 1974 UCI The Walrave v Union Cycliste Internationale Case 36/74 of Oct. 1994, Rec 1974, 1405 ;and ECR 1974 1405, 1975 1 CMLR 320 Aaron N. Wise, Bruce, S. Meyer, International Sports Law and business (1997) Vol.1, Kluwer Law International, p. 1006-7 36 1933 CBS 5 / 37 US v. NFL, 196 F. Supp. 445 (1961 38 Ira Horowitz Sports Broadcasting p.275 279 in Roger G.Noll Government and the Sports Business, Washington : Brookings Institution, 1974 39 TITLE15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE CHAPTER 32 - TELECASTING OF PROFESSIONAL SPORTS CONTESTS: Sports Broadcasting Act of 1961 40 Noll R. G. (1999).Competition Policy in European Sports. after the Bosman Case, In Competition Policy in Professional Sports:Europe after the Bosman Case, Belgium: Standaard and Editions, Ltd In Stefan Késenne, Claude Jeanrenaud (eds.),p.28 30 41 NBA 1999 NBA TVNHL 2 NHL NetworkNFL 2 NFL Network MLB 2000 MLBAM 09 MLB Network 42 MSO Multiple System Operator CNN 2011.132 CATV 43 http://www.tvasahiamerica.com/2011/08/05/%e3%82%a6%e3%82%a3%e3%8 3%B3%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89%E3%83%B3%E5%85%A8%E6% 94%BE%E6%98%A0%E6%A8%A9%E3%82%92%E3%82%B1%E3%83%BC%E 3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E5%B1%80%E3%81%8C%E7%8D%B2%E5%BE%97/ 2011 10 15 44 Julius Genachowski FCC 1994 97 FCC FCC Reed Hundt
http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/it2/kongo/digital/dai1/sankou2.pdf 21 IT 2011 10 15 45 Net Neutrality 46 Home Box Office, Inc. v. F.C.C. 567 F.2d. 9 (D.C.Cir. 1977). http://ics642.wikidot.com/home-box-office-hbo-v-fcc http://openjurist.org/567/f2d/9/home-box-office-inc-v-federal-communicationscommission 2011 10 15 47 1903 5 3 48 06 DTH http://www.gii.co.jp/report/fs43674-home-video.html 49 (Worldwide Digital Satellite Pay-TV Market) 50 The India TV Industry Act Two http://www.livemint.com/2011/09/28234220/tv-ad-market-to-expand-report. html?h=b 51 2008 6 10 http://j.people.com.cn/2008/06/10/jp20080610_89433.html 52 http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/shingi/12/hoken/toushin/970901.htm 53 Sports business 01 10