SPM 1010197
SPM 1 3 2.1 3 2.2 ESCA 4 2.3 4 2.4 5 2.5 6 2.6 6 8 3.1 8 3.2 SPM 10 3.3 AFM 11 3.3.1 AFM 11 3.3.2 AFM 12 3.4 LFM 13 3.4.1 LFM 13 3.4.2 LFM 13 3.5 14 3.5.1 14 3.5.2 SiN 15 3.6 16 3.6.1 16 3.6.2 17 3.6.3 18 3.6.4 19 3.6.5 20 3.6.6 21 4 22 i
4.1 23 4.2 SPM 24 4.2.1 SPM 24 4.2.2 SPM 26 4.3 27 28 5.1 AFM 28 5.2 20 30 5.3 5 m 31 5.4 LFM 32 33 33 34 A 35 A-1 SRRz Rkr 35 A-2 39 B 41 C 45 D E F LFM G 47 49 55 57 59 ii
2 ESCA X Cu Weber 2 1 1 SPM SPM AFM SEM SEM AFM LFM 1
AFM SPM SPM SPM 2
SEM SEM D r A V Su A=0.7854D 2 V=0.7854D 2 L Su=D L 2.1 2.1 (RH) 3
ESCA ESCA Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis ESCA 4
2.3 a 2.3 ) 3) 2.3 a: 2.3 : 5cm 0.25cm min ( 60 RH) Scott 2.4 2.4 5
1cm 1 1 Et (P) 10 20 (L) r (I) Bogaty 2.5 90% 2.5 Bogaty Et Et=8 IL/r 4 P 1 2 d 6
G 4) G=Td 2 /8 T dyn(g 980.6cm/sec 2 ) E B E B = Td 2 /2A 2 A 5cm 1 1 SEM 1 7
SPM 2000 AC-AFM 1 10 SPM XY XY ( ch-spm ) 100 m 20 m 0.8 m 2.9 m 0.37N/m 20 8
20 20 30 9
SPM SPM Scanning Probe Microscope SPM Scanning Tunneling Microscope STM 1981 Binig STM STM AFM AFM SPM 5) AFM LFM AFM 3.1.(a),(b) 6 3.1.(a)10 AFM 3.1.(b)40 AFM 10
AFM AFM AFM Atomic Force Microscope 20nm ( 3.2) 3.2: AFM 11
AFM 12
LFM LFM LFM Lateral Force Microscopy FFM Frictional Force Microscopy Lateral LFM AFM LFM 4 LFM LFM ( 3.3) 13
3.3: LFM SPM AFM LFM Albrecht SiN AFM/LFM DLC Diamond Like Carbon SiN DLC 8 14
SiN 3.4-a SiN ( 3.4-b) ( 3.4-c) SiN ( 3.4-d) 3.4: SiN 15
m 3.5 3.5: 0.5 1.0 45 50 250 5 10 20 3 exocuticle endcuticle 16
1 6 100 9 3.6 10) 17 3.6:
anagen catagen telogen 85 2 6 1 10cm / 10 15 18
19 4 3.7 20 20 (S) 3.8% 3.9% 13.6% 4.1% 4.8% 6.4% 0.7% 14.7% 2.4% 4.3% 10.6% 8.5% 1.0% 2.2% 5.5% 8.9% 1.2% 1.9% 10 15% 3.7: 11)
( 3.8) 1 2 2 3.8: 20
12) 13) 14) 15) 16) 21
20 m 5 AFM SPM 22
SPM SPM 4.1 17 4.1: SPM 2. 3. Console Login spm 2ch-SPM 4. 5. ma 6. 0.2mA 7. 0.2mA 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. MO 15. EXIT Console Login shut OFF 16. FF 23
SPM 4..2.1 SPM Scanner type Area range Wide Narrow XY servo ON 0.1 10.0 /1 Scan rate 1 1 0.01 0.1 /1 1 64 0.1 10.0 /1 1 512 2-chSPM 0.1 10.0 /1 1 512 Scan line /1 Scan size Scan rotation 90 0,90,180,270 P-gain 24
I-gain 0 0 OFF Input Topography Z AFM Torsion LFM LFM 90 LFM Data acquisition Forward Reverse) L.P.F. ON/OFF 10,20,100,200,1K,2K,OFF H.P.F. ON/OFF ON 1.6Hz Spring constant Load Thickness 25
4.2.2 SPM 4.2 4.2: SPM 2ch-SPM ch-1 AFM ch-2 LFM Scanner type S100C Area range Wide XY servo On Scan rate 1.0sec/line Scan line 128 Scan size 20000nm Scan rotation 90 P-gain 30 I-gain 35 Input Topograp Torsion hy Data Forward Forward acquisition L..P.F. Off Off H.P.F. Off Off Spring const. 0.37N/m Load 5.0nN Thickness 0.5mm 26
3 X L Y M y=f(x,y) SPn SVn Rq 27
AFM m AFM 5.1 a 30 5.1 b 30 5.1 c 20 5.1 d 20 5.1 e 20 5.1 f 20 5.1-a: 30 1 5.1-b: 30 5.1-a 5.1-b 5.1-c: 20 2 5.1-d: 20 5.1-c 5.1-d 1 28
5.1-e: 20 3 5.1-f: 20 5.1-e 5.1-f 1, 20 m 5 m 1 5.2 (a),(b) 29
20 m AFM [ m] 610 510 410 310 210 110 10-90 523.0 5.3 378.9 4.2 542.9 4.7 401.6 5.2 345.2 399.8 SRRz Rkr SRq 5.2 (a): 20 m AFM 7.8 4.6 8 7 6 5 4 3 5.1 (a) (f) 1 SRRz Rkr 2 1 SRRz,Rkr 3 1,2 SRRz,Rkr 30
5 m AFM [ m] 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 64.9 6.4 7.2 72.9 34.2 38.0 4.3 4.4 40.8 4.9 SRRz Rkr SRq 4.1 26.7 8 7 6 5 4 3 5.2 (b): 5 m AFM (a) (f) 20 m AFM 3 1 2 1 3 1 2 SRRz,Rkr 31
LFM 5.3 [m V] 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 5 m LFM LFM 0 80.33 15.43 10.07 10.69 24.72 5.3: LFM 10.81 LFM mv 5.3 1 2 1 3 1 2 5 m AFM ( 5.2 (b)) 3 32
6 20 m 1 5 m SRRz Rkr LFM SRRz Rkr 1 LFM LFM V N 33
[1] No.11 15 1997 [2] FRAGRANCE JOURNAL No.13 p.152 (1994) [3] 1994 6 P. 2 [4] R 1982, [5] (1995 11 http://www.airi.aichi-iic.or.jp/news/news95/95113.html [6] 1994. 1. 6 [7], [8] 42 11 P.1 1997, [9] R 1982 P.1 P.17, [10] http://members.tripod.co.jp/ginji_2/haircare.html [11] http://home3.highway.ne.jp/concep/mouhatu.html [12] http://pretty.coara.or.jp/~wadasho/kiken.html [13] http://pretty.coara.or.jp/~wadasho/kiken.html [14] http://rabitt.hoops.ne.jp/.htm [15] http://www2u.biglobe.ne.jp/~shcsn/kikenbusitu.html [16] http://www.page.sannet.ne.jp/iten/sitei.htm [17] NV2000 P. 34
A A 1. SRRz Rkr 1 5 m SRRz Rkr 10 20 m AFM 5 m SRRz Rkr SRRz Rkr A.1 A.1-(a)~(g) A.2 A.1 a g 35
A.1-(a)~(g) 20 m AFM 1.6 m A.1-(a). a,20 m AFM A.1-(b). b,20 m AFM A.1-(c). c,20 m AFM A.1-(d). d,20 m AFM A.1-(e). e,20 m AFM A.1-(f). f,20 m AFM 36
A.1-(g). g,20 m AFM A.1 A.1-(a)~(g) 20 m AFM a~g5 m A.2 SRRz Rkr 37
[nm] 90.00 80.00 70.00 60.00 50.00 40.00 30.00 20.00 10.00 3.29 15.65 SRR z RKr 4.00 25.31 26.25 3.53 3.49 5.67 30.11 6.07 41.09 6.72 58.24 a b c d e f g 79.91 7.00 6.50 6.00 5.50 5.00 4.50 4.00 3.50 3.00 A.2 : a~g5 m a g A.2 SRRz Rkr b c Rkr g SRRz Rkr 5 m 1 SRRz Rkr 38
A 2. 10 7 40 3 50 2 10 3 30 3 40 2 5 m SRRz Rkr ( A.1(a),(b)) A.3 A.1(a): A.1(b): 39
[nm] 55.00 50.00 45.00 40.00 35.00 30.00 25.00 20.00 39.51 4.68 43.97 SRR z RKr 6.07 35.17 4.68 4.24 23.9 5.46 39.74 49.23 4.03 10 40 50 10 30 40 6.50 6.00 5.50 5.00 4.50 4.00 3.50 3.00 A.3: 3 A 1 40
B 0.2 41
42
43
18 44
C 25 ( ) 45
40 50 77 80 62 72 19 46
47 D 1986 1995 Frequency Modulation: FM (1) (2) (3) (4) AFM
20 48
E 49
50
51
52
53
54
LFM LFM X Y LFM Torsion LFM 1 N/rad 2 V/rad 1 vs vs NV2000 ZP Z LFM LFM LFM F. Rf ZP V Y Y 55
Y Ys =Sin -1 (Ys/ Rf) F.1 F.1 0.6 m LFM 2.65V LFM Rf Ys =sin -1 (Ys/Rf)=sin -1 (0.6/62.5)=0.55[degree]=0.0096[rad] 2.65V LFM LFM =V LFM / =4.82[V/degree]=276[V/rad] LFM LFM LFM 1/LFM =0.208[degree/V] 21 Rf =0.0036[rad/V] 56
57
SPM Cu Weber 2 SPM(Scanning Probe Microscope) 20 m 5 2. 2 SRq SRRz Rsk Rkr 20 1 5 1 2 5 4. 20 SPM(AFM) 20 AFM 1 5 1 26 20 20 m 5 1 11 15 1997 AFM 2 FRAGRANCE JOURNAL 13, 152 (1994) 3. 800nm 800nm 800nm 800nm 1010197 1. 1 20 m AFM 1 2 1 20 m 5 2 m 1 2 ESCA(Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis) (a) 1 (b) 1 (c) 2 1 1,2 AFM 58 (d) 1
[18] http://www.amy.hi-ho.ne.jp/~world/ikuriron-a.htm [19] [20] http://www-e2.ele.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp/nanodynamics/kaisetu_h12_4.html [21] NV2000 59