1 (PCA) 3 2 P.Viola 2) Viola AdaBoost 1 Viola OpenCV 3) Web OpenCV T.L.Berg PCA kpca LDA k-means 4) Berg 95% Berg Web k-means k-means

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Web, Web k-means 62% Associating Faces and Names in Web Photo News Akio Kitahara and Keiji Yanai We propose a system which extracts faces and person names from news articles with photographs on the Web and associates them automatically. The system detects face images from news photos with a face detector included in the OpenCV library (open source image recognition library), and extracts person names from news text with a Japanese morphologicical analyzer Chasen. It uses the eigenface representation as image features of extracted faces, and associates faces with names by the k-means clustering. In the experiment, we obtained the 62% precision rate regarding association of faces and names. 1. 1.1 Web Web HDD Web HDD Web Web Web Department of Computer Science, The University of Electro-Communications 1 2 1.2 Web 1 Web 2. Web M.Turk 1) 1

1 (PCA) 3 2 P.Viola 2) Viola AdaBoost 1 Viola OpenCV 3) Web OpenCV T.L.Berg PCA kpca LDA k-means 4) Berg 95% Berg Web 3. 3.1 2 k-means k-means 2 3.2 5) ( ) ( ) N A ( a i ) A = { a 1,..., a i,..., a N } A u C u = 1 N a i, C = 1 N N ( a i u)( a i u) T N N i=1 i=1 j=1 C v = λ v λ j v j j d d 2

{ v 1,..., v d } 90% d 4. 4.1 4.1.1 OpenCV OpenCV 4.1.2 6) + ( ) + ( ) + + ( ) + + ( ) 16 4.2 4.2.1 1 () 1 5 4.2.2 k-means k-means k 1 k-means k-means 1. k k 1 1 1 1 1 2. 3. 4. 2 4.2.3 k-means 3

5. 5.1 2005 3 6 2006 8 31 1 Yahoo!JAPAN 50 50 100 k-means (i: d: F :C: ) d = (Fi Ci) i=1 (1) (2)6,000,000 (3)4,000,000 (4)2,000,000 4 5.2 =( ) ( ) Web Web 5.3 5.3.1 3 4 3 38,650 100 78 78% 4 ( ) 5.3.2 13,579 100 78 78% 5.4 1 3 100 (1) (4) 5 100 2 5 (4) 5 5 3 5 100% 2 1 6 3 3 ( ) 6. 1 32% 62% 4

図5 表1 対応付けの様子 対応付け結果 全対応付け 3 枚以上 閾値 個数 個数 (1) 9329 34% 9108 32% (2) 6480 42% 6027 46% (3) 3853 40% 3125 44% (4) 1281 54% 379 62% 表 2 閾値別上位 5 人の結果 閾値 対応付け個数 正解数 (1) 1420 個 729 個 51% (2) 1195 個 673 個 56% (3) 546 個 892 個 61% (4) 252 個 165 個 65% 図6 価よりも 3 枚以上のクラスタに対する評価の方が全体 的に上回っている このことから 対応付け結果の少 なかったクラスタでは対応付けの精度が悪くなってし まっていると考えられる 本研究の対応付け段階で用 いた固有顔と k-means 法によるクラスタリングとい う手法は T.L.Berg らによって英文ニュースではう まくいくことが示されている 対応付け段階は言語の 違いは関係ないため 今回の実験結果が Berg らより も悪かった原因は対応付け段階の前の抽出段階にあっ たと思われる 以下で抽出段階での問題点について考 える 表 3 図 5 の 人物名 小泉純一郎 72.4% 小泉首相 40.0% ブッシュ大統領 64.3% ジーコ監督 66.7% 安倍晋三 100% 各閾値におけると個数の関係 た 最高が得られた閾値 (4) では 対応付け枚 数上位 21 位の人物名において すでに 3 枚しか顔画 像が存在しなかった また全対応付け結果に対する評 5

6.1 1. OpenCV 2. OpenCV 6.2 + + + + + 4 3 1. 2. 16 3. 7. 1 Web OpenCV 38,650 78% 78% 13,579 k-means 62% 1) Turk, M. and Pentland, A.: Face recognition using eigenfaces, Proc. of Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp.586 591 (1991). 2) Viola, P. and Jones, M.: Rapid object detection using a boosted cascade of simple features, Proc. of Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Vol.1, pp.511 518 (2001). 3) Open Source Computer Vision Library: http://www.intel.com/technology/computing/opencv/. 4) Berg, T., Berg, A., Edwards, J., Maire, M., White, R., Teh, Y., Learned-Miller, E. and Forsyth, D.: Names and Faces in the News, Proc. of Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp.848 854 (2004). 5) Vol.49, No.1, pp. 23 42 (2001). 6) http://chasen.naist.jp/hiki/chasen/. 6