77 6781871-18792012 J. Archit. Plann., AIJ, Vol. 77 No. 678, 1871-1879, Aug., 2012 Hirohide KOBAYASHI and Ngoc Tung NGUYEN The traditional community house named ÒGuolÓ is a unique architecture of Cotu minorities living upland area of central Vietnam. Two community houses in Nam Dong district, Thua Thien Hue province show the typical ÒGuolÓ and are surveyed for case studies of indigenous building technology. The building technology can be understood as their conventional design methodology and construction technique. The field research was conducted by interview and measurement to obtain the information relating to structural form, building materials and construction process. Meanwhile, the information of design methodology is collected in terms of body measuring system and its application to the buildings. Keywords : Central Vietnam, Mountainous Ethnic Minorities, Traditional Community House, Construction Technology, Design Methodology 1 1-1 (C! tu) ((G!"l )) 1) 2) (X Hong Ha) 3) (Tˆ i) 4) 1-2 (X Thuong Quang) (Thon 3)(X Thuong Lo)(Thon Doi)( 1)2010 9 2011 3 5) 2011 8 TQ TL HH 1-3 50,000 6) 300 Assoc. Prof., Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto Univ., Dr. Ges. Ph. D. Candidate, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto Univ., M. Eng. 1871
TQ TL (TQ ) TQ TL 400 7) 10 1 650km 2 23,500 43 8) TQ TL 60km ( 1)TQ 350 (78 )TL 617 (131 ) (Tˆ i) (Pa hy)(pa c )(V n ki"u) 9) NGO 10) 11) ( ) 12) TQ TL 2TQ TL 2-1 TQ 2000 2,500 13) 2,000 500 2 TL 2004 NGO 5,000 1 1 5 13) 1 14) 2-2 2 TQ TL TQ TL 15) () 6 3 TQ TL TL ( ) HH 5 TQ TL 2.4m TQ 2.4m TL 2.91m TQ TL 1872
TQ TL 16) 1.01.5m 17) TL 1.47m TQ 1.87m HH (2m) ( ) 68m 18) TQ 7m TL 6.8m TQ TL (45 ) (1) TQ TL 19) TL TQ 3 ( )() (2)( ) TQ TL 2 2 20) (3) 2 TQ TL 21) 3 3-1 () HH TQ TL () HH TQ TL () TQ 1873
TL ( 3D,E 4D,E,F ) ( 3B,C 4B,C ) TQ ( 3B )TL ( 4B ) TQ ( 3C ) TL ( 4F ) TQ TL HH 120-130mm 1.0m TQ ( 3C TQ 1874
)TL 20mm ( 4-C ) TQ 2 ( ) 1/4 ( 3A )TL 1/2 ( 4A )TL TQ HH 3-2 ()( )( 1) 3 4 1 TQ TL TQ TL TL 1875
(G )(Lim)(Ki"n) 22) TQ TL TL TQ TQ (D#i)TL (!ˆo) TQ (Gi$) TQ (G# S!n nˆi) (TL ) (L m y v i)(la co)(c% tranh) 23) TQ TL TQ 24) 4 4-1 TQ TL HH ( 2 A,B,C) 25) ( 2)HH ( T! ch rlang t"#c pile ch l lung)tq TL HH TQ TL 1 (Achiêng)4 (Ka p!ng)8 (Ch t"a)() 1 4 8 () 26) TQ 2 ( 2D) ( 2E,F) (Cakon) (Ca ven)(ca pun) (Be ren) (Ca do)(tha) (Bop)(Mo)(Te bai) (Mat)(Mang) (Pung a ko) TQ () () 1 () Ki!n()Giêr ( "190-210mm) 1 Lim()Tnul ( "170-180mm) 2 () G ()Gœ ( "300mm) 2 Lim()Tnul ( "300mm) 3 () D#i()Hi r$nh ( 120x155-160mm) 3 4 () D#i()Hi r$nh ( 55x165mm) 4 5 () D#i()Hi r$nh ( 60x180mm) 5 ( ) TL Chua Tr$%ng() H% ngu ih Lim()Tnul &ˆo()Ziêr 6 () D#i()Hi r$nh ( 290x85mm) 6 &ˆo()Ziêr 7 () Ki!n()Giêr ( "180-200mm) 7 8 () D#i()Hi r$nh ( 270x85mm) 8 9 () D#i()Hi r$nh ( 60-70x160mm) 9 () ( ) ( ) 10 () Gi' ()Mi del ( 25x115mm) 10 () &ˆo()Ziêr Chua Tr$%ng() H% ngu ih Chua Tr$%ng() H% ngu ih Chua Tr$%ng() H% ngu ih ( 90-125x140-150mm) ( "180-200mm) ( 110-120x140-160mm) ( 180-190x90-100mm) ( 150x100mm) ( 120-130x140-150mm) ( 50-60x140-175mm) ( 60x140mm) 11 () Gi' ()Mi del ( 25x90mm) 11 () &ˆo()Ziêr ( 60x140mm) 12 () 13 G# S(n nˆi()hnai 14 () Ki!n()Giêr ( "230mm) 12 &ˆo()Ziêr Ki!n()Giêr, Nˆng()&ang ( 200(100)x80mm) 13 ( "130mm) 14 () () &ˆo()Ziêr &ˆo()Ziêr ( 240(130)x70mm) ( "120mm) ( 50x20mm@350-400mm) 15 G# S(n nˆi()hnai 15 La mai voi()asach 16 () D#i()Hi r$nh 17 () L) () 'm 18 () 19 ( 100x30mm@500mm) () ( "30mm @500mm) 16 Tr$%ng & i() Ax%%p 17 &ˆo()Ziêr ( 50-65x60-70mm) L) () 'm ( 50mm ) 18 &ˆo()Ziêr L m y v i()asach C* tranh() Plang 19 L) () 'm ( 40-60x50mm @200mm ) () ( 40-50mm 20 C* tranh() Plang 20 L) () 'm ( 30mm 10mm) 21 Chua Tr$%ng () Hi ngu(h 22 L) () 'm ( 80x60mm@200mm) () ( 40-50mm 21 22 Lim()Tnul &ˆo()Ziêr () () ( 200x50mm ( 70x150mm 23 L) () 'm ( 30mm 10mm) 24 Chua Tr$%ng () Hi ngu(h 25 D#i()Hi r$nh () () ( 210x55mm) ( 55x200mm) 1876
(Ca ven) Ta hong lom)(ca do) (T rc ) (Ta hong lom)(ch#a) (Ch t"a) (Ch#a) (Ch t"a) 2 (Ka p") 4-2 TQ TL TQ ( 300mm) 6 (Ch t"a)190mm"61,140mm( 360mm)( 180-200mm) 4 (Ch t"a) 190mm"4 760mm( 240mm) (Ch t"a) ( 130mm) 2 (Ch t"a)1 (Muipa)190mm"2 100mm480mm( 150mm) ( 2,380mm) 1 (Achiêng)1 (Ka chi)1,610mm1,210mm2,820mm ( 2,400mm) 1 (Achiêng) (S llooc)1,610mm620mm2,230mm 27) ( 4,305mm) 2 (Achiêng)1 (Ta hong lom)1,610mm2800mm4,020mm () ) TQ TL HH 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Achiêng (1,610mm) Ka chi (1,210mm) Chang ach)c (1,020mm) Ta hong lom (800mm) S llooc (620mm) Ka p*ng (410mm) Cl*nghan (250mm) Ch t,a (190mm) Chˆ b- (160mm) Chˆ p.ng (150mm) Muipa (100mm) Chˆ pu ng (75mm) Ka pe (55mm) Ka p% (40mm) Kˆ LŽc (60mm) Kˆ tien (35mm) Tay kam (25mm) Achiêng (1,500mm) Ka chi (1,150mm) Chang ach)c (930mm) Ta hong lom (730mm) S llooc (620mm) Ka p*ng (430mm) Cl*nghan (240mm) Ch t,a (200mm) Chˆ b- (170mm) Ch lpol (150mm) Muipa (100mm) Cha pu n (80mm) Cha pe (60mm) Cha p% (40mm) Ka pon tay (60mm) A T+t Tay (35mm) Kang T y (25mm) 18 Achiêng (1,560mm) Kieng (1,200mm) Zang ach)c (940mm) Achorlom (810mm) S llooc (610mm) C+t (410mm) Cl*nghan (260mm) Ch t,a (170mm) Ch+pbe (150mm) Muy ch lpol (130mm) Muipa (100mm) C rrapoah (75mm) C rrape (55mm) C rrabar (40mm) Kˆ LŽc (50mm) T+t (35mm) T m m+t ng k/m (25mm) T! ch rlang t"#c pile ch l lung (950mm) 4 3 2 (T m m+t=press, ng k,m=thumb) A. (Achiêng) B. (Ka p*ng) C. (Ch t,a) D. (Be ren) E. (Ch0a) F. (Ch0a) TQ 身体尺の例 (TQ 1877
( 1,990) 1 (Achiêng)1 (Ka p!ng)1,610mm410mm2,020mm ( 2,315mm) 1 (Achiêng)1 (Ka p!ng) 2,020mm (6,985mm)4 (Achiêng)1,610mm"4 6,440mm ( 5,100mm) 3 (Achiêng)1 (S llooc)1,610mm"3620mm 5,450mm TL TL TQ ( 2,500mm)1 (Achiêng)1 (Ta hong lom)1,500mm730m 2,230mm ( 2,910mm)2 (Achiêng) 1,500mm"23,000mm TQ ( 6,780mm) 4 (Achiêng) 1500mm"46,000mm 1 (Chang ach$c)930mm ( 4,020mm) ( 1,470mm)1 (Ka chi)1,150mm TQ 6 (Ch t%a)4 (Ch t%a)2 (Ch t%a)1 (Muipa) ()HH 4 (Ch t%a) TQ 1 1 1 1 TL 1 1 2 HH 1 1 1 1 TQ 28) 5 TQ TL HH TQ TL TQ Nguyen Xuan Hong Ngo Tung Duc Vo Ngoc Duc 22 23 ( 22656135) 1) 2009 E-2 pp.647-6482009.9 () 2) 653 pp.1679-16862010.7 3) (T&nh)(Huy'n)(X ) 4) ( 1)Nguy(n, V n K), L*u, Hùng: Rong Community Halls in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, The Gioi Publishers, 2007 ( 2)L*u, Hùng: A Contribution to KATU Ethnology, The Gioi Publishers, 2007 ( 3)Lê, Anh Tu+n: Guol Communal House of Cotu Minority in North Truong Son of Vietnam, Scientific Information, Research Sub-institute of Culture and Arts in Hue, 2002 ( 4)Nguy(n, Ph*,c B-o #ˆn: Guol - A Specific Cultural Feature of Cotu Ethnic Minority and The Tourism Development in Quang Nam Province, Scientific Announcement, Research Institute of Culure and Arts, 2001 ( 5)Nguy(n, Tri Hung: Artistic and Cultural Value of Guol House of Co Tu People, Rong House Ð Cultural Rong House, Scientific Summary Record, 2003 ( 6)Nguy(n Van Son: Guol House of Cotu People Ð Reality and Solutions, Scientific Summary Record, 2003 ( 7)Nguyen Phuoc Bao Dan: The Community House at Truong 1878
Son-Tay Nguyen-The Spiritual Imprints and Art Values, Institute of Culture and Information, 2004 5) () TQ (5 )Ho Van Bang (37 ()1 ) Ho Van Bon (68 ())Ngoc Van Cuong (47 3 )Ho Van Bia (55 3 )Vo Dai Huy (48 3 ) TL (2 )Tran Van Dinh (65 () 3 )Ho Su (65 3 ) 6) Nguyen Van Huy, et al: Dai Gia Dinh Cac Dan Toc Viet Nam (The Great Family of Ethnic Groups in Viet Nam), Giao Duc Viet Nam, 2009 7) Nguyen Xuan Hong 8) Branch at Nam Dong District: Statistical yearbook of Nam! ng district 2010, Th.a Thiên Hu/ Staticstics Bureau, 2010 9) 2007 1977 10) Shine T., Nguyen T. S.: Case study from KatuÕs ÒGuolÓ architecture in Central Vietnam, 12 2009 12 19 11) Iizuka A., Kobayashi H.: Discussion of Traditional Community House in Central Vietnam, GSGES Asia Platform Annual Report 2009, pp.96-101march 2010 12) 4)( 7)SD9603( )pp123-1251996.3 13) 2011 12 1JPY() 270VND() TQ 9 (2,500 )TL 55 (1 5,000 ) 14) 11) 2008 (X Th*0ng Nh1t)(Thon Ta Lu)TQ TL 2 5 ( 91 ) 15) 4)( 5) 6 3 ( 6 ) 6 16) 4)( 3)( 4) 17) 4)( 3) 11.5m 18) 4)( 3) 68m 12m 68m 19) TL 2 4)( 4)( 6) 6 6 20) 4)( 4) 2 21) 4)( 3) TÕring ( )HH (Pago)TQ TL 22) B2 LåM NGHI3P: QUY4T!5NH, S6: 2198/CNR, Ngˆy 26 th ng 11 n$m 1977, Hˆ N7i(B2 LåM NGHI3P) 8 (G ) 1 (Lim)(Ki"n) 2 23) (L m y v i)()(la co) (C% tranh) TQ TL 24) 4)( 3) 10 TQ HH HH W22.5m"H1m TQ W3m"H1.5m HH W1.2m"H1.5m 25) TQ Ho Van Bang TL Tran Van Dinh 26) 2010 2 27) 2,380mm 2,820mm 440mm 1/2 5,380mm 2,400mm 2,980mm 28) 1986 2012 202012 11 1879