all.dvi

fortran 1996 4 18 2007 6 11 2012 11 12

1 3 1.1..................................... 3 1.2.............................. 3 2 fortran I 5 2.1 write................................ 5 2.2................................. 7 2.3..................................... 8 2.4 read...................................... 10 2.5 if....................................... 11 2.6 do do................................. 12 2.7 goto...................................... 14 2.8................................... 15 2.9...................................... 17 2.10..................................... 17 3 19 3.1..................................... 19 3.2.................................. 19 3.3...................................... 20 3.4.................................. 22 4 26 4.1..................................... 26 4.2................................... 27 4.3................................. 30 5 fortran II 33 5.1..................................... 33 5.2.................................. 36 5.3...................................... 40 1

6 42 6.1..................................... 42 6.2................................. 42 6.3.............................. 44 7 47 7.1..................................... 47 7.2..................................... 47 8 fortran III 50 8.1................................... 50 8.2 continue................................... 51 8.3.................................. 51 8.4 write................................ 53 8.5................................... 53 8.6 write........................... 55 8.7 if II..................................... 56 8.8..................................... 57 2

1 1.1 2007 20 1.2 C, C++, Java, Visual Basic, Matlab, fortran C++ C++, fortran, Matlab sqrt, exp 3

C++, fortran, Matlab 3 C++ Matlab 1 30 fortran fortran 4

2 fortran I fortran 2.1 write (<----) a = 1 <---- a 1 b = 2 <---- b 2 c = a + b <---- a b c write(6,*) a,b,c <---- a b c <---- <---- fortran fortran 7 1 6 fortran 1.000000 2.000000 3.000000 5

1 3 = + fortran + - * / * d = a b a b ab d a = 5 ** 3.5 b = mod(11,2) 1 5 3.5 a 2 11/2 b,/ +, a = (b + c)d + e 2.0 p = { (q + r)s + t} u fortran a = ( ( b + c ) * d + e ) / 2.0 p = ( ( q + r ) * s + t ) * u ( ) write write write(6,*) 6 * ( ) fortran write(6,*) 2 (,) ( ) 6

write write(6,*) a,b write(6,*) a =,a write(6,*) a =,a, b =,b 3 a = 1 b = 2 a = a + b write(6,*) a,b a 3 = 2.2 a b c 1 (a,b,c,d,...,z) 2 (0,1,2,...,9) ( ) 32 fortran 2 7

1 i,j,k,l,m,n i j num max value 1 i,j,k,l,m,n a heikin field level 1 i,j,k,l,m,n İṄteger i n 1 i = 2.6 write(6,*) i =,i i 2 2 3 40-52 3.4 4. -2.0 (.) 2.3 8

fortran,/ +, a = ( b + c * d ** e ) * f 1. d ** e 2. c * (1. ) 3. b + (2. ) 4. (3. ) * f 1. 2. 1 a = 5 i = 2 b = a / i <----- c = 5 / i <----- d = 5.0 / i <----- e = 1.0 * 5 / 2 <----- f = 5 / 2 * 1.0 <----- write(6,*) b,c,d,e,f b,d 2. 2.5 c 1. 2.0 e 1.0 * 5 2. 5.0 5.0 / 2 2. 2.5 f 5 / 2 1. 2 2 * 1.0 2. 2.0 9

/ real() i = 1 j = 2 write(6,*) i/j write(6,*) real(i)/j <---- <---- 3 / 0 4 / 0.5 2.4 read read(5,*) a <--- a write(6,*) a a read read(5,*) 5 read(5,*) a,b write(6,*) a,b a b 2 4 2 10

2.5 if if A B read(5,*) a if ( a.lt.5 ) then <----- a<5 then write(6,*) a =,a write(6,*) a < 5 else <----- else write(6,*) a =,a write(6,*) a >= 5 if write(6,*) program if if if then else if if if fortran.eq. = equal ( ).ne. not equal ( ).lt. < less than ( ).le. less equal ( ).gt. > greater than ( ).ge. greater equal ( ) else read(5,*) a if ( a.lt.5) then write(6,*) a =,a write(6,*) a < 5 if write(6,*) program 11

then 1 read(5,*) a if ( a.le.5 ) write(6,*) you input,a write(6,*) program if if ( ) then else if 2.6 do do do do do do i = 1, 4 <--- i 1 write(6,*) i =,i do <--- i do write(6,*) owari i 1 do 12

do i 1 do i 1 do i 4 do do do do i 1, 2, 3, 4 4 do 1 2 3 4... do 1 i,j,k,l,m,n do 1 1 10 sum = 0 do i = 1,10 sum = sum + i write(6,*) i sum :,i,sum do write(6,*) sum =,sum (n +1) n/2 sum sum 0 fortran sum = 0 do 1 9 do i = 1, 9, 2 <---- 1 9 2 do do do do do ( ) do i = 1, 3 <----- write(6,*) i =,i do j = 1, 4 <----- 13

write(6,*) i j :,i,j do <----- (j) do <----- (i) do do =, [, ] do 2.7 goto fortran goto goto goto write(6,*) aaa write(6,*) bbb goto 100 <----- 100 write(6,*) ccc 100 write(6,*) ddd <----- 100 goto 3 goto 100 100 5 2 5 100 2 5 1 6 do do goto i = 1 <----- do i = 1,4 100 write(6,*) i =,i 14

i = i + 1 <----- if ( i.le.4 ) goto 100 do if then if 3, 6, 12, 24, 48... 1000 i = 3 100 write(6,*) i =,i i = i * 2 if ( i.le.1000 ) goto 100 if goto goto 2.8 f(x) =3x 2 + x 3 * x ** 2 + sqrt(x) fortran 2 f(x) =3x 2 + x x 0 1 0.1 do i = 0, 10 x = i / 10.0 write(6,*) x <--- 10.0 f(x) :,x,f(x) 15

do function f(x) f = 3 * x ** 2 + sqrt(x) return <--- <--- f f = <--- return <--- function ( ) f, x myfunc(arg) 2 myfunc = 3 * arg ** 2 + sqrt(arg) fortran sqrt fortran abs(x) int(x) real(i) sqrt(x) log(x) exp(x) sin(x) cos(x) tan(x) x x i x log e x e x sin x cos x tan x ifunc 1 i a = 1 b = ifunc(a) ------- -------- function ifunc(x) ifunc = x / 2.0 return b 1.0 / 2.0 0.5 0 16

2.9 fortran 2 a = a + 1 = write write(6,*) a :,a if if (i.eq.1) then write(6,*) i = 1 if do do do i = 1,5 write(6,*) i do goto goto 100 f(x) = x^2 f(x) =x 2 2.10 2 1 8% 100 10 2 5 C 1 = 3 C n = 4 C n 1 +3 3 17

2, 4, 8, 16, 32,... 1000 4 100 a b 2 1. a/b int(a/b) 2. mod(a,b) 0 1. 5 mod 18

3 3.1 x =1 { exp (x 1) 2} +logx + x =0 (1) { f(x) = exp (x 1) 2} +logx + x (2) f(x) =0 x 1 4 -exp(-(x-1)**2)+log(x)+sqrt(x) 3 2 1 0-1 -2-3 -4 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 1 f(x) 3.2 1 x>0 x =0.01 0.01 x f(x) f(a) f(b) 19

: f(a) f(b) f(a) f(b) = 0 : f(a) f(b) 1 0 : f(a) f(b) (3) 6 2 3.3 1 0.1 2 1 1 1 (a, b) y f(x) a x c b 2 1. (a, b) f(a),f(b) f(a) f(b) 2. c =(a + b)/2 f(c) 3. f(a) f(c) (c, b) (c, b) (a, b) (a, c) (a, c) (a, b) 20

4. (a, b) ε ( ) 2. function f(x) f = - exp( -(x-1)**2 ) + log(x) + sqrt(x) return eps = 0.001 a = 0 b = 1.5 100 write(6,*) a b :,a,b c = ( a + b ) / 2 if ( f(a)*f(c).lt.0 ) then b = c else a = c if if ( b-a.gt.eps ) goto 100 write(6,*) solution :,( a + b ) / 2 (a, b) 1 7 x 3 + x 1=0 (4) 0 1 1 21

3.4 1 1/2 1 f(x) =0 y f(x) x x1 x 2 0 x 3 x 0 x 0 x x 1 x 1 x x 2 x 0,x 1,x 2, 1. 2. x 3. ε 1. 1 22

f (x) f(x) f (x) f (x) Δx f(x +Δx) f(x) Δx x i y i a x i+1 (5) (y y i )=a(x x i ) (6) y =0 x (y 0 x ) a(x x i ) = y i x x i = y i a x = x i y i a x i+1 (7) x i+1 3 a f(x) =x 2 a 2 2 eps = 0.0001 x = 100 write(6,*) x :,x y = f(x) a = g(x) x2 = - y / a + x if ( abs(x2-x).gt. eps ) then x = x2 goto 100 if write(6,*) solution :,x 23

function f(x) f = return function g(x) g = return abs 8 3 5 f(x +Δx) f(x) Δx 3 y f(x) x3 x x0 x 1 2 x 4 4 x 0,x 1,x 2, 24

v b f(b) = v 1 b tan 1 b 1 b v 1 10 0.1 b v =1 v =1.1 v =1 v =1 v =1.1 0 (8) 25

4 4.1 x ẍ = g x ẍ + kx =0 2 φ =0 x 2 1 c 2 φ x 1 φ 2 c t =0 v = Ri C dv = i dt L di = v dt 2 x 1 x 2 dx 1 dt dx 2 dt 2 φ t 2 (9) dx 1 dt dx 2 dt = ax 1 bx 1 x 2 (10a) = cx 1 x 2 dx 2 (10b) 26

1. 1 1 : dx dt + x =0 2. 1 2 : d2 x dt 2 + dx dt x + x =0 3. 1 dx 1 : dt = x 1 x 2 dx 2 dt = x 1 4. 2 x x 1,x 2 t 4 dx 1 dt = f 1 (x 1,x 2,,x n,t) dx 2 dt = f 2 (x 1,x 2,,x n,t) dx 3 dt = f 3 (x 1,x 2,,x n,t) (11) x 1,x 2, x 1,x 2,,x n t xt t + kx =0 t d 2 x dt 2 4.2 1 1 27

dx dt = x (12) t =0 x =1 x =exp(t) (12) x (12) x x x t x x 1.1 1 0 t ( 0.1 ) t 5 5 t =0 x =1 (12) ( dx dt = x) t =0 1 1 Δt Δt =0.1 t =0.1 x 1.1 (12) 1.1 1.1 Δt t =0.2 x 1.21 28

t i x i t i +Δt x i +Δx x i +Δx = x i + x (t i )Δt + x (t i ) (Δt)2 2! + x (t i ) (Δt)3 3! +... (13) Δx = x (t i )Δt + x (t i ) (Δt)2 2! + x (t i ) (Δt)3 3! +... (14) x = f(x, t) 1 x = f(x, t) 2 3 1 2 2 Δt =0.1 t 0 4 dxdt(x,t) = x t = 0 x = 1 dt = 0.01 100 write(6,*) t calc rigid :,t,x,exp(t) dx = dxdt(x,t) * dt t = t + dt x = x + dx if ( t.le. 4 ) goto 100 x =exp(t) write dt 29

2 1 2 3 2 3 4.3 1 1 ẋ 1 = f 1 (x 1,x 2,x 3,t) (15a) ẋ 2 = f 2 (x 1,x 2,x 3,t) (15b) ẋ 3 = f 3 (x 1,x 2,x 3,t) (15c) 1 2 1 2 1 3 1 3 0 x 6 6 2 ẍ 1 + kx 1 = 0 (16) x 1 1 x 2 ẋ 1 = x 2 (17a) ẍ 1 = ẋ 2 (17b) 30

x 1 x 2 (16) ẍ 1 ẋ 2 ẋ 2 + kx 1 = 0 (18) (17a) [ ẋ1 ẋ 2 ] = [ 0 1 k 0 ][ x1 x 2 ] (19) k =1 t =0 x 1 =1, x 2 = 0 (20) t =0 x 1 =1 dx 1 dt dx 2 dt = x 2 (21a) = x 1 (21b) t =0 x 1 =1, x 2 =0 x 1 =cos(t), x 2 = sin(t) x 1 x 2 x 2 x 1 x1 = 1 x2 = 0 dt = 0.1 t = 0 100 write(6,*) x1 x2 :,x1,cos(t),x2,-sin(t) dx1 = dxdt1(x1,x2,t) * dt dx2 = dxdt2(x1,x2,t) * dt x1 = x1 + dx1 x2 = x2 + dx2 t = t + dt if ( t.le. 10 ) goto 100 31

function dxdt1(x1,x2,t) dxdt1 = x2 return function dxdt2(x1,x2,t) dxdt2 = -x1 return 9 t =0 4 ẍ +ẋ + x = 0 (22) : t =0 x =1, ẋ =0 32

5 fortran II 2 5.1 10 read(5,*) a1 read(5,*) a2 read(5,*) a3 read(5,*) a4 read(5,*) a5...... sum = a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + a6 + a7 + a8 + a9 + a10 mul = a1 * a2 * a3 * a4 * a5 * a6 * a7 * a8 * a9 * a10 write(6,*) sum =,sum write(6,*) mul =,mul 100 dimension a(3) a(1) = 2 a(2) = 4 a(3) = 6 write(6,*) a(1) write(6,*) a(2) write(6,*) a(3) 33

dimension a(3) a(1),a(2),a(3) 3 7 a(1) a(2) a(3) 7 1 dimension a(3) do i = 1, 3 a(i) = i * 2 do do i = 1, 3 write(6,*) a(i) do n dimension a(100) <---------- read(5,*) n do i = 1, n read(5,*) a(i) do sum = 0 mul = 1 do i = 1, n sum = sum + a(i) mul = mul * a(i) do write(6,*) sum mul :,sum,mul 34

1 1 2 dimension a(2,3) 8 a(1,1),a(1,2),a(1,3),a(2,1),a(2,2),a(2,3) 6 a(1,1) a(1,2) a(1,3) a(2,1) a(2,2) a(2,3) 8 2 2 dimension a(2,3) do i = 1, 2 do j = 1, 3 a(i,j) = i*10 + j do do do i = 1, 2 do j = 1, 3 write(6,*) i j a(i,j),i,j,a(i,j) do do 2 10 10 35

1 45 6 53 2 56 7 85 3 54 8 49 4 20 9 45 5 82 10 99 dimension a(10) n = 10 a(1) = 45 a(2) = 56 a(3) = 54 5.2 4 a(5) 5 b(5) 5 dimension a(5),b(5) n = 5 a(1) = 1 a(2) = 2 a(3) = 3 a(4) = 4 a(5) = 5 b(1) = 2 b(2) = 4 b(3) = 6 b(4) = 8 b(5) = 10 36

sum = 0 do i = 1,n sum = sum + a(i) do ave = sum / n write(6,*) average of japanese,ave sum = 0 do i = 1,n sum = sum + b(i) do ave = sum / n write(6,*) average of mathematics,ave 1 write(6,*) aaa call sample <---- sample write(6,*) ccc subroutine sample <---- sample write(6,*) bbb return <---- call <---- call sample sample subroutine sample sample return call 37

a = 1 write(6,*) in main a =,a call sample2(a) <------ a write(6,*) in main a =,a sample2 subroutine sample2(b) <--- b write(6,*) in sub b =,b return call sample2(a) call sample2 subroutine sample2(b) b a b return b = 2 a 2 a b a b subroutine sample2(i) write(6,*) in sub i =,i return i read(5,*) n call fact(n,n2) <--- n! n2 38

write(6,*) n =,n, subroutine fact(k,k2) i = 1 do j = 1,k i = i * j do k2 = i return n! =,n2 <---- k! k2 2 n k n2 k2 fact n n! n2 2 call cal_average(a,n, ave) write(6,*) average of japanese,ave call cal_average(b,n, ave) write(6,*) average of japanese,ave subroutine cal_average(a,n, ave) <-- dimension a(n) sum = 0 do i = 1, n sum = sum + a(i) do ave = sum / n return 3 call 39

dimension dimension a a(n) a(*) a(1) 11 mc n = m! n! (m n)! (23) m,n keisuu subroutine nikou(m,n, keisuu) 5.3 1 dimension a(10) 40

a(1),a(2),a(3),...,a(10) 10 2 dimension b(2,3) b(1,1),b(1,2),b(1,3),b(2,1),b(2,2),b(2,3) 2 3 subroutine call ( 1, 2,...) subroutine ( 1, 2,...) return 41

6 6.1 [ a b b a ][ x y ] [ a 2 + b 2 = a 2 + b 2 ] (24) x, y [ ] [ ] x a b = y a + b [ ][ ] [ 1 2 x 5 = 3 4 y 11 [ ] [ ] x 1 = y 2 ] (25) (26) (27) 2 6.2 a 11 a 12 a 13 a 14 a 21 a 22 a 23 a 24 a 31 a 32 a 33 a 34 a 41 a 42 a 43 a 44 x 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 = b 1 b 2 b 3 b 4 (28) 1 a 21 a 11 a 21 x 1 + a 12 a 21 a 11 x 2 + a 13 a 21 a 11 x 3 + a 14a 21 a 11 x 4 = b 1 a 21 a 11 (29) 42

2 a 21 0 1 a 31 3 a 31 0 a 11 4 a 22 a 22 a 21 /a 11 a 11 a 12 a 13 a 14 0 a 22 a 23 a 24 0 a 32 a 33 a 34 0 a 42 a 43 a 44 x 1 b 1 x 2 x = b 2 3 b 3 x 4 b 4 (30) 2 a 32 a 22 3 a 32 0 4 a 11 a 12 a 13 a 14 x 1 b 1 0 a 22 a 23 a 24 x 2 0 0 a 33 a 34 x = b 2 3 b (31) 3 0 0 a 43 a 44 x 4 b 4 a 11 a 12 a 13 a 14 0 a 22 a 23 a 24 0 0 a 33 a 34 0 0 0 a 44 x 1 b 1 x 2 x = 3 x 4 b 2 b 3 b 4 (32) x 4 = b 4 a 44 (33) x 3 = b 3 a 34 x 4 a 33 (34) x 2 = b 2 a 23 x 3 a 24 x 4 a 22 (35) x 1 = b 1 a 12 x 2 a 13 x 3 a 14 x 4 a 11 (36) 12 43

1 2 3 x 1 1 4 5 6 x 2 = 2 (37) 7 8 93 3 x 3 6.3 a 11 a 12 a 13 a 14 a 21 a 22 a 23 a 24 a 31 a 32 a 33 a 34 a 41 a 42 a 43 a 44 x 1 b 1 x 2 x = b 2 3 b 3 x 4 b 4 x 1 x 4 ( x 1 = x 2 = x 3 = x 4 =0) 1 x 1 1 (38) a 11 x 1 + a 12 x 2 + a 13 x 3 + a 14 x 4 = b 1 (39) x 1 x 1 = a 12x 2 + a 13 x 3 + a 14 x 4 b 1 a 11 (40) x 2 x 4 x 1 2 x 1,x 3 x 4 x 2 x 3,x 4 x 2 = a 21x 1 + a 23 x 3 + a 24 x 4 b 2 a 22 (41) x 3 = a 31x 1 + a 32 x 2 + a 34 x 4 b 3 a 33 (42) x 4 = a 41x 1 + a 42 x 2 + a 44 x 4 b 4 a 44 (43) x 1 x 4 44

a 11, a 22, a 33, a 44 a 11 > a 12 + a 13 + a 14 (44) a 22 > a 21 + a 23 + a 24 (45) a 33 > a 31 + a 32 + a 34 (46) a 44 > a 41 + a 42 + a 43 (47) [ ][ ] [ ] 2 1 x 4 = (48) 1 4 y 8 y = 2x 4 (49) y = x 4 + 2 (50) x =0, y = 1 13 4 1 0 1 4 1 0 1 4 x 1 x 2 x 3 = 1 9 5 (51) 45

y 2 y = 2x - 4 1 y = -x/4 + 2 0 1 2 x 9 46

7 7.1 ( 2, 3) f(x) =exp{1 x exp( x)} (52) 10 x y 1 0.8 exp(1-x-exp(-x)) 0.6 0.4 0.2 0-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 10 7.2 11 n 1 a a = (y i + y i+1 )Δx 2 A A = (y 1 + y 2 )Δx 2 + (y 2 + y 3 )Δx 2 + + (y n 1 + y n )Δx 2 (53) = Δx 2 (y 1 +2y 2 +2y 3 + +2y n 1 + y n ) (54) 47

A y 1 y y i i+1 a y n dx -2 3 x 11 14 y i dimension y(101) <------ 100 n = 101 101 begin = -2 = 3 region = - begin dx = region / ( n-1 ) do i = 1, 101 ytmp = begin + (i-1) * dx y(i) = chap( ytmp ) do call daikei(y,n,dx, sekibun) write(6,*) integral :,sekibun function chap(x) chap = exp(1-x-exp(-x)) return subroutine daikei(y,n,dx, sekibun) 48

dimension y(*) 49

8 fortran III fortran 8.1 A 1 = 1 (55a) A 2 = 1 (55b) A n = A n 1 + A n 2 (55c) c 2 a_2 = 1! A n-2 A n-1 a_1 = 1 write(6,*) a1 :,a_2! 2 write(6,*) a2 :,a_1 * 3 10 do i = 3,10 a = a_1 + a_2 write(6,*) a,i, :,a a_1 = a a_2 = a_1 do!!! fortran 2 1 c *! 50

8.2 continue continue i = 1 100 continue i = i + 1 write(6,*) i if ( i.le.5 ) goto 100 write(6,*) owari continue i = i + 1 i = i * 2 100 i = i + 1 i = i * 2 8.3 fortran i,j,k,l,m,n sum_value = 0 do i = 1, 10 sum_value = sum_vaule + i 51

sum_value sum_vaule implicit none <--- integer i,j,k <--- 4 byte real a,b <--- 4 real*8 c,d <--- 8 integer in(10) <--- real*8 r(10) <--- 8 c = 1.1d0 <--- 8 fortran 4 4 8 8 4 4 6 8 16 8 dimension a(10) real*8 a(10) 8 d0 d double precision 1.0 1.5 1.5 1.5d0 1.1 1.1 1.1d0 fortran acos(-1.0) acos(-1.0d0) π acos(-1.0d0) 16 acos(-1.0) 6 C double 8 sin, cos 8 8 52

8.4 write dimension a(5) do i = 1, 5 a(i) = i do write(6,*) a <-----(1) write(6,*) (a(i),i=2,4) <-----(2) (1) write(6,*) a a (1) write(6,*) (a(i),i=1,5) (2) a 2,3,4 do 8.5 2 character a*40,b*10,c*80,d(5)*1 a = koreha mojiretu da. nagaiyoooo. b = a c = a write(6,*) a write(6,*) b write(6,*) c if ( a.eq.c ) then write(6,*) a = c if 1 53

character *,... 40 a 10 b 80 c = b = a b 10 a 11 if.eq..ne. 5 (65535 = 2 8 ) 2 character c(8)*1 read(5,*) num do i = 8, 1, -1 if ( num.ge. 2**(i-1) ) then c(i) = o num = num - 2**(i-1) else c(i) =. if do write(6,*) (c(i),i=1,8) 54

8.6 write write(6,*) 4 10 3 * a = 1234.5678 write(6,*) -------------------------- write(6, (f9.2) ) a write(6, (e9.2) ) a * ( ) 2 f f 1234.57 f9.2 9 2 e e 0.12e+02 0.12 10 2 e9.2 9 2 i = 123 write(6,*) -------------------------- write(6, (i6) ) i i i i6 6 character a*10 a = 1234567890 write(6,*) ------------------- write(6, (a5) ) a write(6, (a) ) a 55

format a character*5 moji moji = a = a = 12.34567 write(6, (a,f6.2) ) a :,a write(6, (a,f6.2) ) moji,a x a = 1234.5678 b = 9876.5432 write(6, (f8.2,2x,f8.2 ) a,b write(6, (f8.2,a,f8.2) ) a, write(6, (2(f8.2,2x)) ) a,b,b 1 write 2 write 3 write (f8.2,2x,f8.2,2x) 8.7 if II if a<0 : b = 1 a =0 : b =0 a>0 : b =1 if if ( a.lt. 0 ) then b = -1 else if ( a.eq. 0 ) then b = 0 else b = -1 if if 56

if ( a.lt. 0 ) then b = -1 else if ( a.eq. 0 ) then b = 0 else b = -1 if else if if ( i.eq. 0 ) then... else if ( i.eq. 1 ) then... else if ( i.eq. 2 ) then... else... if 1. i=1 j=1 k=1 2. i=1 j=1 k=1 if ( ( i.eq.1 ).and.( j.eq.1 ) ) then k = 1 if... if ( ( i.eq.1 ).or.( j.eq.1 ) ) then k = 1 if.eq..and..or. 1 if if ( i.eq.1.and. j.eq.1 ) 8.8 2 4 5 dimension a(3,2) 57

... call sub(a,3,2)... subroutine sub(a,isize,jsize) dimension a(isize,jsize)... return fortran 2 3 2 a(1,1) a(2,1) a(3,1) a(1,2) a(2,2) a(3,2) 3 a(isize,*) a(isize,1) C C++ 58