Main Topic 6: Business Trips Lesson 42: Restaurant (20-25 minutes) Today, you will: 1. Learn useful vocabulary related to Restaurant. 2. Review Adverbs of Frequency with Auxiliaries. I. VOCABULARY Exercise 1: What s the meaning? (5-6 minutes) Choose the meaning of the underlined words from the choices that follow. Then practice using the words in your own sentences. 1. Please ask your secretary to book ( 予約する ) us a table at the restaurant across the street. a. write b. record c. reserve d. read 2. The president of our company will dine ( 食事をする ) with the visiting clients tonight. a. cook dinner b. have dinner c. make dinner d. bring dinner 3. A feast ( ご馳走 ) will be held in honor of our guests. a. delectable desserts b. afternoon snack c. large and expensive meal d. light meal 4. The waiter brought out the menu ( 献立表 ) so the customers can choose what they want to order. a. list of available dishes b. list of available display c. list of available characters d. list of available commands Page 1
5. Would you like your steak rare ([ 肉が ] 生焼けの ), medium or well done? a. special b. overcooked c. ordinary d. undercooked Exercise 2: What s the word? (5-7 minutes) Read the following dialog with your tutor and try to use context clues to fill in the blanks with the most appropriate word. You can find the missing word from the pool of words at the bottom. Mr.Yokoi is in a restaurant called Bizu. A waiter gives him a menu and waits for him to make his choice. Waiter: Good evening, sir. Welcome to Bizu. Would you like to order drinks? Mr. Yokoi: Good evening. No, thank you. I will order drinks after dinner. What is today s special? Waiter: Today s specialty is Steak with Special Barbeque Sauce. I would (1) it together with our Mushroom soup. Mr. Yokoi: That sounds delicious! However, I am a semi-vegetarian. Do you have any (2) for meat? Waiter: Certainly, sir. You can have tuna fish instead of beef for the barbeque dish. Mr. Yokoi: That is wonderful! I will have my tuna steak medium-rare. Waiter: Excellent choice, sir. We will (3) the dish in about 10 minutes. Mr. Yokoi: Thank you very much. By the way, are the prices on your menu inclusive of (4) already? Waiter: Yes they are, sir. However, they are not inclusive of service charge yet. Mr. Yokoi: I understand. You are a very helpful and polite waiter. I will give you a big (5) later. Waiter: That would be most appreciated, sir. Will you excuse me for a while? I will be back with your order in a few minutes. Mr. Yokoi: Certainly. Thank you very much. Page 2
Choices: a. recommend ( 勧める ) b. serve ( 食事を出す ) c. substitute ( 代わりのもの ) d. tip ( チップ 心づけ ) e. tax ( 税金 ) f. order ( 注文 ) II. GRAMMAR REVIEW: Topic: Adverbs of Frequency with Auxiliaries (5-6 minutes) ( 助動詞とともに用いられる頻度の副詞 ) Adverbs of Frequency answer the question How often? or How frequently? They tell us how often somebody does something. Below are examples of adverbs of frequency, from the most often to the least often. ( 頻度の副詞は How often? や How frequently? などの質問に答える品詞で 人が物事をどれくらい頻繁に行なうかを表します 次に挙げた頻度の副詞の例は 頻度が高い順に並んでいます ) Always, Usually, Frequently, Often, Sometimes, Occasionally, Rarely, Seldom, Hardly ever, Never Remember: In the case of tenses that use an auxiliary, we put the adverb between the auxiliary and the main verb (auxiliary + adverbs of frequency + main verb). ( 助動詞を伴う時制の場合 助動詞と本動詞の間に頻度の副詞を置きます ) Examples: ( 例 ) Affirmative ( 肯定文 ) Negative ( 否定文 ) Subject ( 主語 ) Kevin ( ケヴィンは ) I ( 私は ) I ( 私は ) Auxiliary ( 助動詞 ) has will don t Adv. Of Frequency ( 頻度の副詞 ) never ( 一度も ) always ( いつも ) usually ( たいてい ) It doesn t often ( しばしば ) Main Verb ( 本動詞 ) been be get snow ( 雪が降る ) Predicate ( 述語 ) outside of Japan. ( 日本国外へ行ったことがありません ) grateful to you. ( あなたに感謝するでしょう ) invited to parties. ( パーティーに招待されません ) here at Christmas. ( クリスマスにここでは ) Page 3
However, there are exceptions to this rule. Frequency adverbs are often placed before auxiliaries when: (1) these are used alone, in additions to remarks or in answers to questions and, (2)in a compound verb, the auxiliary is stressed ( しかし このルールには例外もあります 頻度の副詞は以下の場合 しばしば助動詞の前に置かれます (1) 質問に対して回答したり 意見を付け加えるなど 頻度の副詞が単独で用いられる場合 (2) 複合動詞内で 助動詞が強調されている場合 ) Exceptions ( 例外 ) "Can you park your car near the shops?" "Yes, I usually can." ( お店の近くに車を停めることができますか? はい たいてい可能ですよ ) I know I should exercise, but I never do. ( 運動すべきだと分かってはいるけど 全くしていないです ) I never can remember. She hardly ever has met him. ( どうしても覚えられないんだ 彼女はほとんど彼に会わなかったから ) Comprehension Check: When is an adverb of frequency placed before the auxiliary? ( 頻度の副詞が助動詞の前に置かれるのは どのような時でしょう?) Page 4
Exercise 1: Incomplete Sentences (5-6 minutes) Choose the word or phrase that would best complete the following sentences. 1. I reservations for you and your client in the past. a. will often make b. have often made c. will never make d. should never make 2. Will he ever change? He will change. a. never b. always c. sometimes d. usually 3. He knows it is wrong to cheat, but. a. he never does b. he does always c. he always does d. he doesn t ever 4. Suzanne. a. does never play tennis. b. doesn t play tennis often. c. doesn t play tennis usually. d. doesn t usually play tennis. 5. She to own a restaurant. a. has wanted b. always has c. has always wanted d. has wanted always Page 5