I. はじめに 3 1) 1,2) 3) 4,5) 6) 7 9) Steins 7) 10,11) Hausdoroff 12) 1 II. 対象と方法 cm kg BMI kg/m

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1 原著 3 Validity of the Center of Mass Assessed by an Accelerometer: Comparison with a 3D Motion Capture System 1,2) 1,3) 1,4) 1,5) 1,6) 1) YU HORIMIZU, RPT 1,2), MINORU KIMOTO, RPT, PhD 1,3), YOSHINO TERUI, RPT, MS 1,4), AKIHO TAKAHASHI, RPT 1,5), TOMOKO FUKUI, RPT 1,6), TAKANOBU SHIOYA, MD, PhD 1) 1) Course of Physical Therapy, Akita University School of Health Sciences: Hondo, Akita-shi, Akita , Japan TEL yu.horimizu.0221@gmail.com 2) Department of Rehabilitation, Tokai University Oiso Hospital 3) Department of Rehabilitation, Akita Prefectural Center on Development and Disability 4) Department of Rehabilitation, Akita Prefectural Center of Rehabilitation and Psychiatric Medicine 5) Department of Rehabilitation, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels-Akita 6) Department of Rehabilitation, JA Yurikumiai General Hospital Rigakuryoho Kagaku 31(4): , Submitted Feb. 16, Accepted Mar. 31, ABSTRACT: [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to validate a method for analyzing gait patterns determined by the center of mass (CoM) using an accelerometer. [Subjects and Methods] A tri-axial accelerometer was attached to the lower back of 11 healthy young males. Vertical and lateral CoM displacement were assessed using the accelerometer and a 3D motion capture system under 8 different walking conditions. The validity of the accelerometer-based CoM was evaluated by comparison with the motion capture-based CoM using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis. [Results] ICCs corresponding to inter-rater reliability were good-to-excellent for vertical CoM displacement ( ) and fair-to-good for lateral CoM displacement ( ). However, Bland-Altman analysis revealed systematic bias, in which accelerometer-based CoM was overestimated. [Conclusion] The motion of the CoM measured by this accelerometer fixed to the trunk can be used for simplified analysis of human locomotion. The results demonstrate the great potential in clinical practice of accelerometry as a user-friendly, cost-effective and valid gait analysis tool. Key words: triaxial accelerometer, Center of Mass, validity 要旨 : ICC Bland-Altman キーワード :3 1) TEL ) 3) 4) 5) 6) JA

2 I. はじめに 3 1) 1,2) 3) 4,5) 6) 7 9) Steins 7) 10,11) Hausdoroff 12) 1 II. 対象と方法 cm kg BMI kg/m km/h steps/min 27 MG- M1110 TM LSI 13,14) 75 mm 50 mm 20 mm 120 g Hz m/s 2 micro SD MG-M1110-PC TM LSI METs Center of Mass, CoM 13,14) CoM CoM Excel Microsoft Excel 3 MX-T VICON TM Vicon motion systems VICON 100 Hz VICON Plug-In-Gait Full Body ) 3 VICON Nexsus Vicon motion systems Vicon Bodybuilder Vicon motion systems CoM 16) CoM CSV Excel 8 VICON 5 m 10 m 1/2 5 17,18) 2 2 1/2 2 2

3 ,20) 1-A 19) 19,20) B CoM VICON CoM CSV Excel CoM 1-C CoM 21) CoM VICON CoM 1-D R for windows 5 VICON intraclass correlation coefficient ICC 2 Fixed effects ICC 3,1 ICC ) limit of agreement LOA Bland- Altman 23 25) Bland-Altman Bland-Altman plots CI coefficient interval 95 CI 0 Bland-Altman plots t> y LOA 95 CI LOA 23 25) III. 結果 1 VICON cm cm cm cm VICON cm cm cm cm Bland-Altman 95 CI cm cm cm cm LOA cm cm cm cm (cm) (cm) (cm) (G) 図 1 CoM A B CoM C VICON CoM D VICON

4 表 1A B ICC Bland-Altman A VICON a cm b a-b ICC cm Bland-Altman LOA cm t= t= t= t= t= t= t= t= B VICON a cm b a-b ICC cm Bland-Altman LOA cm n= t= t= t= t= t= t= t= t= IV. 考察 CoM 3 Pearson ICC 24,25) VICON ICC ICC 24,25) Bland-Altman 23 25) VICON CoM 2 2 ICC cm cm ICC 2) 2)

5 595 CoM VICON 6,26) Steins 7) ICC cm CoM 2 9) ICC ,20) 2) VICON CoM 27) VICON 16) 3 28) 4) 29) 17,18) 30) cm cm CoM 2 VICON CoM cm cm 11) VICON 3 2) CoM CoM VICON CoM CoM 2,19) CoM 3 3 引用文献 1) 2004, 119: ) 2015, 6(1): ) Sprager S, Juric MB: Inertial sensor-based gait recognition: A review. Sensors, 2015, 15: ) 2009, 36(1): ) 2015, 23(2): ) Saunders JB, Inman VT, Eberhart HD: The major determinants in normal and pathological gait. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 1953, 35-A(3): ) Steins D, Sheret I, Dawes H, et al.: A smart device inertialsensing method for gait analysis. J Biomech, 2014, 47(15): ) Furrer M, Bichsel L, Niederer M, et al.: Validation of a smartphone-based measurement tool for the quantification of level walking. Gait Posture, 2015, 42(3): ) Yoneyama M: Visualising gait symmetry/ asymmetry from acceleration data. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin, 2015, 18(9):

6 ) Detrembleur C, van den Hecke A, Dierick F: Motion of the body centre of gravity as a summary indicator of the mechanics of human pathological gait. Gait Posture, 2000, 12(3): ) Iida H, Yamamuro T: Kinetic analysis of the center of gravity of the human body in normal and pathological gaits. J Biomech, 1987, 20(10): ) Hausdoroff JM, Edelberg HK, Mitchell SK, et al.: Increased gait unsteadiness in community-dwelling elderly fallers. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 1997, 78(3): ) Yoneyama M Mitoma H Okuma Y: Accelerometry-based long-term monitoring of movement disorders: From diurnal gait behavior to nocturnal bed mobility. J Mech Med Biol, 2013, 13(2): ) Yoneyama M, Kurihara Y, Watanabe K, et al.: Accelerometrybased gait analysis and its application to Parkinson s disease assessment-part 2: A new measure for quantifying walking behavior. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng, 2013, 21(6): ) 2008, pp ) Winter DA: Biomechanics and motor control of human movement, 4th ed. John Wiley Sons Inc, New Jersey, 2009, pp ) Kodesh E, Kafri M, Dar G, et al.: Walking speed, unilateral leg loading, and step symmetry in young adults. Gait Posture, 2012, 35(1): ) 2004, 31(Suppl 2): ) 2005, 20(2): ) Menz HB, Lord SR, Fitzpatrick RC: Acceleration patterns of the head and pelvis when walking on level and irregular surface. Gait Posture, 2003, 18(1): ) Perry J, Burnfield JM: , p25. 22) Shrout PE, Fleiss JL: Intraclass collelations: Uses in assessing rater reliability. Psychol Bull, 1979, 86(2): ) Bland JM, Altman DG: Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet, 1986, 1(8476): ) Bland-Altman. 2008, 23(5): ) 2011, 26(3): ) Esser P, Dawes H, Collett J, et al.: IMU: Inertial sensing of vertical CoM movement. J Biomech, 2009, 42(10): ) , p ) Moe-Nilssen R: A new method for evaluating motor control in gait under real-life environmental conditions. Part 2: Gait analysis. Clin Biomech(Bristol, Avon), 1998, 13(4 5): ) Floor-Westerdijk MJ, Schepers HM, Veltink PH, et al.: Use of inertial sensors for ambulatory assessment of center of mass displacements during walking. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2012, 59(7): ) Bennett L, Murray MP, Murphy EF, et al.: Locomotion assistance through cane impulse. Bull Prosthet Res, 1979, 10 31:

Vol. No. Honda, et al.,

Vol. No. Honda, et al., A Study of Effects of Foot Bath before Exercise on Fall Prevention Yoko Honda Yoko Aso Aki Ibe Megumi Katayama Tomoko Tamaru Key Words fall prevention, foot bath, elderly, fall prevention programs Honda,