42 北海道文教大学研究紀要第 34 号 2010 図 1 : ( 左 ) パックチラー R ( 食品搭載済 ) ( 中央 ) シーラー ( 右 ) パッカー 表 1 パックチル R 処理における加熱及び袋詰時の食品温度 a) b) V

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1 パックチル R システムによるクックチル生産の温度 時間管理 41 研究論文 Temperature-time controls in cook-chill production using packchill system SATO Setsuko and OIKAWA Azusa Abstract: As more people are growing older than ever and less are born, hospitals and nursing homes are known to be facing difficulty to find kitchen workers to serve patients and residents. The problem is more apparent in local cities and towns in Japan where elderly population is growing faster than in large cities. Adding to this is the change of lifestyle of the people, and an early-morning shift of the kitchen no longer invites workers even in the economic hardship. One of the problem-solving approaches to this is to introduce cook-chill system where foods are prepared ahead of time and stored safely until the time of use. This enables fewer workers to produce more food as well as provide more variety to menus, which otherwise are becoming increasingly simple. However, the full line of cook-chill system tends to require large investment beyond the level many small healthcare institutions conceive feasible, and this is often the reason for them not to change to cook-chill system. To overcome this aspect of the problem Sato et al. developed Packchill system, an inexpensive cooling systemwhich consists of 3 different equipments including Packchiller, a stainless steel electrical water tank with a circulating water pump and a freezer-compressor device, a packer, and a sealer. Packaging is done under the theory of reduced oxygen packaging for hot-cooked food and cooling is done inside Packchiller. Ice is used to aid in cooling. This set of cook-chill system costs less than two-thirds of the blast-chilling system on the comparison basis of the amount of food cooled in one batch. Also, it uses less electricity. Using this system, we implemented a series of temperaturetime monitoring against the reference standard listed in Food Code 2005 and others. We also conducted bacterial as well as taste tests for a few food items after 16 days of storage. The results indicated that Packchill system was a safe cook-chill system to use. はじめに QOL 北海道文教大学人間科学部健康栄養学科 * 天塩町立手塩小学校栄養教諭

2 42 北海道文教大学研究紀要第 34 号 2010 図 1 : ( 左 ) パックチラー R ( 食品搭載済 ) ( 中央 ) シーラー ( 右 ) パッカー 表 1 パックチル R 処理における加熱及び袋詰時の食品温度 a) b) V

3 パックチル R システムによるクックチル生産の温度 時間管理 43 表 2 1 生産第 1 日 ( 午前 ) ハ ックチラー R 投入順 食品名 食品重量 (g) 1 シーフード シーフード シーフード 鮭のチャンちゃん焼き 鮭のチャンちゃん焼き 鮭のチャンちゃん焼き りんごのコンポート クリームシチュー りんごのコンポート 豚角煮と厚揚げの煮物 クリームシチュー りんごのコンポート クリームシチュー ミートローフ ミートローフ 662 合計 表 2 3 生産第 2 日 ( 午後 ) ハ ックチラー R 食品重量食品名投入順 (g) 1 b) 鮭のチャンちゃん焼き b) シーフード b) クリームシチュー b) りんごのコンポート b) りんごのコンポート b) クリームシチュー b) 豚角煮と厚揚げの煮物 b) シーフード b) クリームシチュー b) りんごのコンポート b) シーフード b) 鮭のチャンちゃん焼き b) 鮭のチャンちゃん焼き b) ミートローフ b) ミートローフ 和風麻婆豆腐 麻婆豆腐 2465 合計 b) ハ ックチラー R による冷却終了後 袋内食品温度を測定 表 2 2 生産第 2 日 ( 午前 ) ハ ックチラー R 食品重量食品名投入順 (g) 1 a) 鮭のチャンちゃん焼き 豚角煮と厚揚げの煮物 a) クリームシチュー クリームシチュー クリームシチュー りんごのコンポート 鮭のチャンちゃん焼き 鮭のチャンちゃん焼き a) シーフード シーフード りんごのコンポート シーフード シーフード シーフード ミートローフ りんごのコンポート ミートローフ 鮭のチャンちゃん焼き クリームシチュー クリームシチュー 2950 合計 a) 16 日間保管後 細菌試験および食味試験実施 表 2 4 生産第 3 日 ( 午後 ) ハ ックチラー R 食品重量食品名投入順 (g) 1 b) りんごのコンポート b) シーフード b) 鮭のチャンちゃん焼き b) りんごのコンポート b) 豚角煮と厚揚げの煮物 b) りんごのコンポート b) 鮭のチャンちゃん焼き b) 鮭のチャンちゃん焼き b) クリームシチュー b) ミートローフ b) ミートローフ 豚角煮と厚揚げの煮物 b) クリームシチュー b) シーフード b) シーフード クリームシチュー 鮭のチャンちゃん焼き b) クリームシチュー シーフード クリームシチュー シーフード ミートローフ ミートローフ 495 合計 b) ハ ックチラー R による冷却終了後 袋内食品温度を測定

4 44 北海道文教大学研究紀要第 34 号 2010 図 2-1 ( 上 ) 食品累計投入量とパックチラー R 水温図 2-2 ( 下 ) 氷投入後のパックチラー R 水温 V R 方法 1. 期間および対象食品

5 パックチル R システムによるクックチル生産の温度 時間管理 45 図 3 1 ( 上 ) 食品累計投入量とパックチラー R 水温図 3 2 ( 下 ) 氷投入後のパックチラー R 水温 2. 生産手順と使用機器 R R 3. 管理基準と温度測定 Food Code Toledo

6 46 北海道文教大学研究紀要第 34 号 2010 図 4 1 ( 上 ) 食品累計投入量とパックチラー R 水温図 4 2 ( 中 ) 氷投入後のパックチラー R 水温図 4 3 ( 下 ) 冷却終了直後の袋内食品温度 R kggkg.. kg

7 パックチル R システムによるクックチル生産の温度 時間管理 47 図 5 1 ( 上 ) 食品累計投入量とパックチラー R 水温図 5 2 ( 中 ) 氷投入後のパックチラー R 水温図 5 3 ( 下 ) 冷却終了直後の袋内食品温度 R 4. 細菌試験と食味試験

8 48 北海道文教大学研究紀要第 34 号 2010 表 3 パックチル R 処理を経た食品の細菌試験 CVT R g R 結果 1. 加熱温度 袋詰温度 生産品目 冷却重量 水温推移 R R.kg.kg.kg.kg R

9 パックチル R システムによるクックチル生産の温度 時間管理 49 表 4 パックチル R 処理を経た食品の食味評価 kg R kg. kg....

10 50 北海道文教大学研究紀要第 34 号 冷却終了後の食品温度 R 微生物的安全性と食味 R. 考察 R R

11 パックチル R システムによるクックチル生産の温度 時間管理 51 R R R kg R システムを使用して ). ; ).,, )FDA Food Code. Reduced Oxygen Packaging Without a Variance, Criteria., ; -. )Toledo, R.T. Fundamentals of Food Process Engineering, nd ed., ; )., ) (2010 年 1 月 25 日受稿 ) 参考文献. FTE ).. ;

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