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1 Winston S. Churchill Operation UNTHINKABLE Franklin D.

2 Roosevelt Harry S. Truman Trieste Venezia Giulia Julijska Krajina

3

4 Iosif V. Stalin

5

6 Anthony Eden Bolshevik pestilence Josip Tito

7 William D. Leahy astonishment W. Averell Harriman minor

8 H. Freeman Matthews George A. Lincoln The Joint Chiefs of Staff- The Chiefs of Staff Committee- Supreme Allied Commander in the Mediterranean Theater- H. Maitland Wilson

9 a categorical No Joseph C. Grew Henry L. Stimson The Allied Military Government- Alexander C. Kirk Sir Harold Alexander British Minister Resident at Allied Force Headquarters, Mediterranean Theater Harold Macmillan

10 The Operations Division- The Combined Chiefs of Staff- George C. Marshall William Phillips

11 Dwight D. Eisenhower

12 Fifteenth Army Group Gorizia The Isonzo Tolmino Tarvis Tarvisio Pula Pola Istrian Menfalcone very real in self defence

13 Joseph T. McNarney assurance

14

15 to full efficiency James V. Forrestal province

16

17

18 the Allies

19

20

21

22

23 Clement Attlee

24 Lord Halifax

25 George S. Patton Jr.

26 Joseph E. Davis THE PAW OF CAT untenable

27

28 Istria

29

30 The Joint Planning Staff- the elimination of Russia

31

32 Lord Alanbrooke unthinkable

33 Harry Hopkins

34

35

36

37

38 land grabbers united we stand

39 denudation

40

41

42

43

44 Julian Lewis, Changing Direction: British Military Planning for Post-war Strategic Defence (Second Edition) (London, ). Ibid., pp. xxxvii-xxxviii. Roberto G. Rabel, Between East and West: Trieste, the United States, and the Cold War, (Durham, ); Richard S. Dinardo, Glimpse of an Old World Order? Reconsidering the Trieste Crisis of, Diplomatic History, Vol., No. (Summer ) pp.. U.S. Military Attache (MA), London (Prime Minister-PM) to President of the United States, No. (March, ) Folder #, Prime-Pres. Roosevelt-January-April,, Records of U.S. JCS, Chairman s File, Admiral Leahy,, RG, Box, National Archives II, Washington D.C. Note written by PM during Balkans conversations with Marshal Stalin at the Kremlin, October, ; Russian version of Note written by PM during Balkans conversations with Marshal Stalin at the Kremlin, October, ; Churchill s personal memo Balkans (October, ) PREM

45 G.A. PM PM / /, to to Churchill to Lincoln, Churchill & formerly President, President, Memo Foreign Public for Roosevelt: C- C- The Secretary, Record Record: (April (March, M, Office, ) / ) now Subject: Complete in in ibid., (March National p., Conference. Churchill & with Correspondence: MA, ); Archives, Vol. State Eden Kew, London. to III, London pp. Roosevelt: PM, The Department (Winant) on ; to Complete PM/ / CCS Leahy to President, (March /, No. which ) President, pertains Correspondence: Out PREM / /. (April Vol., III, (April ) pp. principally, to the ); ; occupation Harriman President-Winant, President of to to the the, PM, (Yugoslavio) (sic), Records of US JCS, Chairman s File,, RG, Box. Library. FDR-Stalin Correspondence (Typewritten Copies), FDR Venezia-Giulia (April, ); Appendix: Draft Letter from Secretaries of War and Navy to Secretary of State (undated) Folder #, Tito Room File, Box, Trip to Warm Springs, GA, March April, ); Roosevelt to Stalin (April, ) Map Room File, Box, Folder #,. ibid., p. President, No. (April, ); Leahy to President, a draft of No. (April, ); Harriman to President, No. (April, ) Map Complete Correspondence: Vol. III, pp. ; PM to President, C- (April, ) in ibid., p. ; President to PM, R- (April, ) in Map Room File, Box, the Franklin D. Roosevelt Library. Hyde Park, NY.; President to PM, R- (April, ) in Churchill & Roosevelt: The ibid., p. ; President to PM, R- (March, ) in ibid., pp.. R- (March, ) in ibid., p. ; President to PM, R- (March, ) in ibid., pp. ; PM to President, C- (March, ) in President, C- (March, ) in ibid., p.. John Winant ), R- (March, ), R- (March, ) in ibid., pp. ; President to PM, R- (March, ) in ibid., p. ; PM to Correspondence: Vol. III. Alliance Declining February 1944 April 1945 (Princeton, ) pp. ; President to PM, R- (March, RG, Box. See also PM to President, C- (March, ) in Warren F. Kimball ed., Churchill & Roosevelt: The Complete US MA, London (PM) to President, No. (March, ) Folder #, Prime-Pres. Roosevelt-January-April,, Chairman s File,,

46 MA, Foreign London Office (Prime (FO) to Minister-PM) Washington, to No. President, No. (April, (April ), PREM / /. ) Folder #, Chairman s File, Admiral Leahy,, RG, Box ; Ibid. Ibid. Caserta (MacMillan) to FO, No. (May, ); AFHQ, Caserta, Italy (Alexander) to WD (originally to CCS, COS and SHAEF), FX Ibid., Ibid., pp. pp.. ; p.. Memo from Lincoln to Commander Penny (April, ) Folder #, Tito (Yugoslavio) (sic), Records of US JCS, Chairman s File,, G.A. Lincoln, Memo for Record (April, ); Appendix: Draft Letter (undated) Folder #, Tito (Yugoslavio) (sic), Chairman s File, Copy of letter from the Secretary of State [Acting Grew] to the Secretary of War [Stimson] (April, ), Folder #, Tito (Yugoslavio), RG, Box. FRUS.) RG.. FRUS, 1945,

47 CCS to AFHQ, Caserta, Italy (Alexander) (also to BJSM, SHAEF and COS), WARX (May, ) Folder #, Tito (Yugoslavio) (sic), US US MA, MA, London, London (PM) England to (PM) to President, No. President, No. (May, (May ), ) Folder #, Folder #, Chairman s File, Chairman s File,, RG,, RG Box., Box. Ibid., FRUS, pp. 1945,. IV., pp.. Ibid. President to PM, No. (May, Telegram ) from P.M. PREM to New / / ; PM to Zealand (P.M.) President, (San No., (May Francisco), ) (WINCH No. PREM or F.O. / /. Serial No. ) (May, ) President to PM, No. (May, ) CHAR / /. by the U.S. Chiefs of Staff (May, ) Folder #, Tito (Yugoslavio) (sic), Chairman s File,, RG, Box. Caserta, Italy (Alexander) (also to BJSM, SHAEF and COS), WARX (May, ); Memo by the U.S. Chiefs of Staff (undated); Memo Chairman s File,, RG, Box. AFHQ, Caserta, Italy (Alexander) to WD (originally to CCS, COS, Clark and SHAEF), FX (NAF ) (May, ); CCS to AFHQ, (May, ) CHAR / / ; PM to President, No. (May, ) CHAR / /. CHAR / /, Churchill College, Cambridge University. ) (May, ) Folder #, Tito (Yugoslavio) (sic), Chairman s File,, RG, Box. ) CAB /. (NAF ) (May, ) Folder #, Tito (Yugoslavio) (sic), Chairman s File,, RG, Box. FRUS, 1945, IV., p. ; p. ; AFHQ, Caserta, Italy (Alexander) to WD (originally to CCS, COS, SHAEF, Eisenhower and Clark), FX P.M. PM to to New President, Zealand No. (P.M.) (May (San, ) Francisco), PREM / /. (WINCH No. or F.O. Serial No. ) (May, ) CHAR / / ; PM to President, No. FRUS, 1945, IV., pp. ; p.. See also AFHQ, Caserta, Italy (Alexander) to WD (originally to CCS, COS and SHAEF), FX (NAF US MA, London (PM) to President, No. (May, ) Folder #, Chairman s File,, RG, Box ; COS ( ) Mtg. (May,

48 PM to President, No. (May, ) CHAR / / ; President to PM, No. (May, ) CHAR / / ; FRUS, The Conference of Washington to FO (Eden to PM), No. (May, ) CHAR / / ; PM to Tito (May, ) CHAR / /. Truman to PM, No. (May, ) CHAR / /. FRUS, The Conference of Berlin 1945, Vol. I, pp.. Office of the Cabinet, London to Alexander (PM to Alexander) (May, ) CHAR / /. War Cabinet, Joint Planning Staff, Operation 'UNTHINKABLE (Final) (May, ) CAB /., ) Folder #, Tito (Yugoslavio) (sic), Chairman s File,, RG, Box. Ferrell ed., Off the Record, p.. ) pp.. (May, ) Chairman s File,, Folder # Tito (Yugoslavia), RG, Box. PM), No. (May, ) (D. May, R. May ) CHAR / /. Washington to FO (Eden in DC to PM), No. (May, ) (D. May, R. May ) CHAR / / ; Washington to FO (Eden in DC to PM), No. (May, ) (D. May, R. May ) CHAR / / ; PM to Stalin, No to Moscow (May, ) CHAR / / ; War Cabinet Office (PM) to Alexander (May, ) CHAR / / ; AFHQ, Caserta, Italy (Alexander) to WD (also to CCS, COS, and SHAEF) FX (NAF ) (May, ) & FX (NAF ) (May, ) Folder #, Tito (Yugoslavio) (sic), Chairman s File,, RG, Berlin 1945, Vol. I., p. ; AFHQ, Caserta, Italy (Alexander) to WD (also to CCS, COS, SHAEF, and th Army Group) FX (NAF ) (May, RG, Box. Box. President to PM, No. (May, ) CHAR / /. PM to Truman, No. (May, ) CHAR / / ; Robert H. Ferrell ed., Off the Record: The Private Papers of Harry S. Truman (N.Y., Marshall to President (May, ); Marshall to President (May, ) Chairman s File,, Folder # Memo to & from President, PM to Lord Halifax (May, ) CHAR / / ; PM to President, No. (May, ) CHAR / / ; Washington to FO (Eden in DC to PM to President No. (May, ) CHAR / / ; FO to Washington (PM to Eden) (May, ) CHAR / / ; President to PM, No.

49 Ibid. PM to Churchill to General President, No. Ismay and (June, COS ) (June, CHAR ) CAB / / ; / ; AMSSO to AFHQ Alanbrooke, (PM to War Diaries, Alexander), 1939 No., p.. (June, ) CHAR / /. COS Ivo to P.M. Banac, (June With, Stalin ) CAB /. against Tito: Cominformist Splits in Yugoslav Communism (Ithaca, ) p. ; Dinardo, op. cit., p.. Ibid. Field Marshal Lord Alanbrooke, Alex Danchev and Daniel Todman eds., War Diaries, (London, ) pp.. Ibid. Schneidemuhl-Bydgoszez Leipzig-Cottbus-Poznan & Breslau / /. CHAR / / ; President to PM, No. (June, ) CHAR / /. Cabinet Office (PM) to Alexander (June, ) CHAR / /. Alexander to PM, MA (June, ) CHAR / / ; Stalin to PM (June, ) CHAR / / ; PM to Stalin (June, ) CHAR ) CHAR / / ; D.O. to Canada, Australia, NZ (GOVTs.) (PM to PM), No. (Canada), No. (Australia), No. (NZ) (June, ) Chairman s File,, RG, Box ; AFHQ to AMSSO (Alexander to PM), F. (June, ) CHAR / /. File,, RG, Box ; A.F.H.Q. (Alexander) to COS and U.S. JCS via JSM, FX (June, ) Folder #, Tito (Yugoslavio) (sic), PM PM to to President, President, No. No. (June (June,, ) ) CHAR CHAR / / / /. ; US MA, London (PM) to President, No. (June, ) Folder #, Chairman s Stettin- PM to President to PM, President, No. No. (June (June,, ) ) CHAR CHAR / /. / /. PM to President, No. (June, ) CHAR / / ; President to PM, No. (June, ) CHAR / / ; Stalin to PM (June,

50 President to PM, No. (July, ) CHAR / / ; PM to President, No. (July, ) CHAR / / ; President to PM, No. (July, ) CHAR / /. JP, COS, Operation UNTHINKABLE (Final) (July, ) CAB /. Harry S. Truman, Memoirs by Harry S. Truman, 1945: Year of Decisions (N.Y., ) p..

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