Process Synthesis using Superstructures [2] Fig. 1 Fig Fig [3] Fig. 3 Fig. 2 Fig. 3: Fig. 2: 4 Fig. 4: [4] Fig. 3 4 A/BC A B C A BC
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1 /Review 1 Process Synthesis using Superstructures Shinji HASEBE 1 Abstract Process synthesis is one of the dominant research areas in chemical engineering. However, the development of general synthesis method is very difficult because the problems are usually formulated as complex combinatorial programming problems. One of the promising methods is to use a superstructure that includes all of the candidate structures in it for modelling. In this paper, two process synthesis problems of distillation processes are modeled by using superstructures. These problems are finally formulated as LP and/or MILP problems, and solved by a commercial solver. The results of these two problems show that there is high possibility to create new process structures that are difficult to imagine by human experience. Keywords process synthesis, distillation process, superstructure, energy conservation, dombinatorial optimization, linear programming 1. Process synthesis 2. Fig. 1 [1] 7 Fig Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura Campus, ishikyo-ku, Kyoto, Received: 18 January 2016, Revised: 17 February 2016, Accepted: 23 February Fig. 1:
2 Process Synthesis using Superstructures [2] Fig. 1 Fig Fig [3] Fig. 3 Fig. 2 Fig. 3: Fig. 2: 4 Fig. 4: [4] Fig. 3 4 A/BC A B C A BC Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 3 Fig. 4 3 F 0 = F 1 + F 2 + F 3 (1) F 4 = a 1 F 1 (2) F 5 = (1 a 1 )F 1 (3) F 8 = F 6 + F 7 (4) F i Fig. 4 a 1 A/BCD (1) (4) Oukan Vol.10, o.1 39
3 Hasebe, S. Fig. 5: Fig. 6: Fig. 3 k C k F k C k F k Fig δ k (5) 0-1 MILP C k = a k F k + b k δ k Fm min δ k F k Fk max δ k (5) Fig. 3 Fig. 3 0 Fig (a) (b) (c) Fig. 7: 3.2 Fig. 3 Fig Fig Fig. 7 (a) (b) 2 (c) Petlyuk Fig. 8:
![Process Synthesis using Superstructures 5 Table 1 Table 2 CCost [ky] (6) 10 CCost = 4000D](/docs-images/93/111454119/images/4-0.jpg "1.066 H 0.82 (P + 0.8987) (6) Fig. 9: 3 D [m] H [m] P [MPa] 1 2 Fig.")
4 Process Synthesis using Superstructures 5 Table 1 Table 2 CCost [ky] (6) 10 CCost = 4000D H 0.82 (P ) (6) Fig. 9: 3 D [m] H [m] P [MPa] 1 2 Fig atm, 2 atm, 4 atm, 8 atm Table 3 MILP Table 1: Fig. 10: Fig. 8 4 Fig. 9 Fig. 9 Fig. 9 Fig. 9 A/BC B/C Fig. 10 Table 2: Table 3: 3.3 (A) (B) n- (C) (D) n- (E) Oukan Vol.10, o.1 41
![Hasebe, S. Fig. 12: Fig. 11: [5] 3.4 Fig. 13: Fig.](/docs-images/93/111454119/images/5-1.jpg "11 4 Petlyuk Petlyuk 4 atm 3 Fig. 11 3 2 atm 1 Fig.")
![11 Petlyuk 3 Petlyuk 5 2 Petlyuk A/BCDE 4. Fig. 11 [6], [7] Fig. 8 3 Fig.](/docs-images/93/111454119/images/5-2.jpg "6 Fig. 7 [8] [9] 1 [10] o- 3 90 mol% 3 [11] 1 atm 300 kmol h 1 4.")
5 Hasebe, S. Fig. 12: Fig. 11: [5] 3.4 Fig. 13: Fig Petlyuk Petlyuk 4 atm 3 Fig atm 1 Fig. 11 Petlyuk 3 Petlyuk 5 2 Petlyuk A/BCDE 4. Fig. 11 [6], [7] Fig. 8 3 Fig. 6 Fig. 7 [8] [9] 1 [10] o mol% 3 [11] 1 atm 300 kmol h Fig. 12 Fig. 13 Fig Fig
6 Process Synthesis using Superstructures Fig j=0 j=0 (L ji x j +V ji y j ) = (L ji H j +V ji h j ) + Q i = +3 (L i j x i +V i j y i ) j=1 (i = 1,2,,) (7) +3 (L i j H i +V i j h i ) + q i j=1 (i = 1,2,,) (8) y j x j j V i j L i j i j h i H i i Q i q i i (7) (8) y j x j h i H i F F i i x i (i = 1,2,3) Fig. 14:. i=1 j=1 L 0i = F F, L j,+i x ji x i i=1 V 0i = 0 (9) j=1 L j,+i (i = 1,2,3) (10) x ji x j i PC IBM ILOG CPLEX R V Fig. 15 1/10 Fig % [11] Fig. 16 Fig. 15 Fig. 16 Fig Fig. 7 Petlyuk Petlyuk Fig. 18 Fig. 16 Petlyuk Oukan Vol.10, o.1 43
7 Hasebe, S. Fig. 15: 最適化の結果 Fig. 16: 微少流量流れの削除 5. 様々なスーパーストラクチャ 発されている [12] Fig. 19 は 新たに開発が期待され る要素技術を含む 石油精製プロセスのスーパストラク スーパーストラクチャは これまで説明したような チャの一例である 橙色四角が今後開発が期待される要 問題以外にも様々な分野で使われている 本章では 筆 素技術 各要素技術の特徴を考えると 図中の流れの 者の研究室で扱ってきた 2 つの異なるスーパーストラ 組成をあらかじめ定める事はできない この研究では クチャを用いたプロセス合成問題について 簡単に紹介 各流れを 321 成分のモル流量からなる流れ 石油中に含 する まれる成分数からするとごく一部である で近似し ま た要素技術の入出力関係を線形近似した すなわち 各 5.1 石油精製プロセスの構造最適化 要素技術 i の入力 xi と出力 yi の関係を 式 (11) で近似 石油は超多成分混合物であり これまで沸点分布によ した りその特性が定められていた しかしながら 石油から yi = Aai Abi Aki xi 効率的に窒素や硫黄を除去したり 石油に含まれる高付 (11) 加価値成分を選択的に取り出すためには 石油精製プロ ここで Aai Abi Aki は要素技術 i を構成する基本反応 セス中の各種の処理を組成に基づいて行う必要がある 分離 脱硫 開環 アロマ分離など の入出力関係を表 この様な考え方のもと 石油構成成分の分析手法が開 44 す行列である 1 つの流れが 321 次元のベクトルである 横幹 第 10 巻 第 1 号
8 Process Synthesis using Superstructures Fig. 20 Fig. 20 [14] 6. Fig. 17: Fig. 18: Petlyuk MILP [13] 5.2 Fig. 20 [1] 2001 [2] The U.S. Department of Energy: Hybrid Separations/Distillation Technology, April 2005, /chemicals/pdfs/hybrid separation.pdf ( ). [3] R. W. H. Sargent and K. Gaminibandara: Optimum Design of Plate Distillation Columns, Optimization in Action, pp , [4] L. T. Biegler, et al.: Systematic Methods of Chemical Process Design. Prentice Hall, [5], 2005 [6] J. R. Alcántara-Avila, S. Hasebe and M. Kano: ew Synthesis Procedure to Find the Optimal Distillation Sequence with Internal and External Heat Integrations, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Vol. 52, pp , [7] J. A. Caballero and I. E. Grossmann: Optimal synthesis of thermally coupled distillation sequences using a novel MILP approach, Comput. Chem. Eng., Vol. 61, pp , [8] P. G. Ghougassian and V. Manousiouthakis: Globally Optimal etworks for Multipressure Distillation of Homogeneous Azeotropic Mixtures, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Vol. 51, pp , [9] [10] H. Takase and S. Hasebe: Optimal Structure Synthesis of Internally Heat Integrated Distillation Column, J. of Chem. Eng. of Japan, Vol. 48, pp , [11] H. Takase and S. Hasebe: Optimal Stracture Synthesis of Ternary Distillation System, Comp. Aided Chem. Eng., Vol. 37, pp [12] JPEC: ( ) Oukan Vol.10, o.1 45
![造導出システムの開発, 京都大学工業化学科卒業論文 2016 [14] 川島 Biomass-SC 構築支援システムの開発,](/docs-images/93/111454119/images/9-1.jpg "京都大学 化学工学専攻修士論文 2009.")
9 Hasebe, S. Fig. 19: 石油精製プロセスのスパーストラクチャ Fig. 20: バイオマス有効利用のための階層的スーパーストラクチャ [13] 中西 石油精製プロセスにおける成分表現法と最適構 造導出システムの開発, 京都大学工業化学科卒業論文 2016 [14] 川島 Biomass-SC 構築支援システムの開発, 京都大学 化学工学専攻修士論文 長谷部 横幹 第 10 巻 第 1 号 伸治 1953 年 8 月 27 日生 1981 年京都大学大学院博士 課程研究指導認定退学 京都大学工学部化学工学科 助手 講師 助教授を経て 2003 年工学研究科化学 工学専攻教授 現在に至る プロセスシステム工学に 関する研究に従事 工学博士 化学工学会 システム 制御情報学会 計測自動制御学会 分離技術会 米国 化学工学会などの会員
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