CE 406 CE 601 CE CE [2017] 1 [2006: 57] CE [1] 2 [1] 1 T33.582b

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1 CE 406 CE 601 CE CE [2017] 1 [2006: 57] CE [1] 2 [1] 1 T33.582b

2 [2] 3 [3] 2 [2017: ] [2] [3] T50.327a [2006: 75-77] 265 CE 313 CE

3 yathā āśaya cariṃ (43a) karmāni citrāni (43b) purākṛtaṃ (43d) iha prāṇakoṭiṇām nānādhimuktān (43c) 2 sadā viśuddhā (50a) śucī sūrata (50b) bahubuddhakoṭiṣu kṛtādhikārā (50c) teṣāṃ vadāmi vaipūlyasūtrāṇi (50d) 3 yehi śrutam agryam śāsanam (53b) ime te nāyakasya śrāvaka (53a) api śruta ekāgāthā (53c) sarveṣa bodhāya na saṃśayo sti (53d) KN WT 11 43a jāniya, te, ca 43c viditva, teṣāṃ 43d yat, kuśalaṃ, ca, tehi 50a bhavanti, ye, ceha 50b vyaktā, buddhaputrāḥ 53a ca 53b etam 53c dhāritā, vā

4 [2006: ] (1) KN WT TH adbhuta (45b) (2) TH nidāna aupamya (45c) (3) KN WT TH tathopadeśān (45d) (4) KN WT TH svayaṃbhūr (47a) (5) KN WT TH navāṅgam (49a) svayaṃbhū navāṅgam

5 187 navāṅgam 49 navāṅgam nava navāṅga śloka triṣṭubh-jagatī triṣṭubh-jagatī KN, WT, TH śloka 42 triṣṭubh-jagatī triṣṭubh-jagatī triṣṭubh-jagatī triṣṭubh-jagatī triṣṭubh-jagatī śloka triṣṭubh-jagatī [2007: 30; 31] 16 [2017: 127] 17 [2004: 13] 18śloka triṣṭubh-jagatī

6 [1995: 2-3]... 1/ nānā- 25 vidvasū 26 bahubuddhakoṭi acīrṇacaryā 27 upāyam prabodhanārtham yuṣme [2017: 126] T53.765a04-05

7 189 3 KN, WT, TH 3.1 vv SP [KN45.1-8; WT ] śṛṇohi me śārisutā yathaiṣa saṃbuddha dharmaḥ puruṣottamehi yathā ca buddhā kathayanti nāyakā upāyakauśalyaśatair anekaiḥ 42 yathāśayaṃ jāniya te cariṃ ca nānādhimuktān iha prāṇikoṭinām citrāṇi karmāṇi viditva teṣāṃ purākṛtaṃ yat kuśalaṃ ca tehi 43 nānāniruktīhi ca kāraṇehi samprāpayāmi 1 ima teṣa prāṇinām hetūhi dṛṣṭāntaśatehi cāhaṃ tathā tathā 2 toṣayi sarvasattvān 44 sūtrāni bhāṣāmi tathaiva gāthā itivṛttakaṃ jātakam adbhutaṃ ca nidāna aupamyaśataiś ca citrair geyaṃ ca bhāṣāmi tathopadeśāni SP [TH53a5-53b2] śṛṇohi (me) śārisutā yathaiṣa saṃbuddha dharmaṃ puruṣottamena buddhāś ca bhāṣanti yathaiṣanāyakā upāyakauśalyasahasrakoṭibhi(ḥ) 42 yathāśayaṃ jāniya te cariṃ ca nānādhimuktān iha prāṇakoṭinām citrāṇi karmāṇi viditva prāṇinaṃ purākṛtaṃ yat kuśalaṃ ca tebhiḥ 43 nānāniruktibahukāraṇebhi 1 samprāpayāmī WT 2 tathātathā WT 3 KN WT triṣṭubh-jagatī

8 saṃyojayāmi iti teṣa prāṇinām hetubhir dṛṣṭāntasahasrakoṭibhis tathā tathā toṣayi sarvasatvān 44 sūtrāṇi bhāṣāmi tathaiva gāthā itivṛttakājātaka adbhutāṃś ca nidāna aupamya bahūn vicitrāṅ geyāṃś ca bhāṣāmi tathopadeśān [ ] [4] [4] T09.07c18-07c27 4 TH triṣṭubh-jagatī

9 [5] [5] T09.70a [1998: 352] n ān ā 30 kāraṇ a karaṇ a

10 vv SP [KN ; WT ] ye bhonti hīnābhiratā avidvasū acīrṇacaryā bahubuddhakoṭiṣu saṃsāralagnāś ca suduḥkhitāś ca nirvāṇa teṣām upadarśayāmi 46 upāyam etaṃ kurute svayaṃbhūr bauddhasya jñānasya prabodhanārtham na cāpi teṣāṃ pravade kadācid yuṣme pi buddhā iha loke 5 bheṣyatha 47 kiṃ kāraṇaṃ kālam avekṣya tāyī kṣaṇaṃ ca dṛṣṭvā tatu 6 paśca bhāṣate so yaṃ kṣaṇo adya kathaṃci labdho vadāmi yeneha ca bhūtaniścayam 48 navāṅgam etan mama śāsanaṃ ca prakāśitaṃ sattvabalābalena upāya eṣo varadasya jñāne praveśanārthāya nidarśito me SP [TH53b2-54a1] ye satva hīnâbhiratā avidvasā acīrṇacaryā bahubuddhakoṭiṣu saṃsāralagnāś ca suduḥkhitāś ca nirvāṇa teṣām upadarśayāmi 46 upāyam etat kurute svayaṃbhur boddhasmi yānasmi praveśanârthaṃ na ca tāva haṃ teṣa kadāci vyāharī yuṣme pi buddhā iha loki bheṣyatha 47 kiṃ kāraṇaṃ kālam avekṣya tāyai kṣaṇaṃ ca dṛṣṭvā tata paśca bhāṣami so me kṣaṇo hy adya kadāci labdho yena vadāmi ima bhūtaniścayaṃ 48 navâṃgakṛtā mahya ihâsti śāsane prakāśitaṃ baleṇa upāyam etad varabuddhayāne praveśanârthaṃ jinaśāsanesmim 49 5 loki WT 6 na tu KN

11 [103.17; ] [6] [7] 31 [6] T09.07c28-08a07 [7] T09.70a23-70b04 31 hīn ābhiratāhi n ābhiratā avidvasū vidvasū

12 [8] [8] 32 kāla kāla 33 kṣaṇamkṣīṇam 34 [1998: 245] niścaya

13 vv SP [KN ; WT ] bhavanti ye ceha sadā viśuddhā vyaktā śucīsūrata buddhaputrāḥ kṛtādhikārā bahubuddhakoṭiṣu vaipulyasūtrāṇi vadāmi teṣām 50 tathā hi te āśayasaṃpadāya viśuddharūpāya samanvitā bhūn vadāmi tān buddha bhaviṣyatheti anāgate dhvāni hitānukampakāḥ 51 śrutvā ca prītisphuṭa bhonti sarve buddhā bhaviṣyāma jagatpradhānāḥ punaś ca haṃ jāniya teṣa caryāṃ vaipulyasūtrāṇi prakāśayāmi 52 ime ca te śrāvaka nāyakasya yehi śrutaṃ śāsanam etam agryam ekāpi gāthā śruta dhāritāvā sarveṣa bodhāya na saṃśayo sti 53 ekaṃ hi yānaṃ dvitiyaṃ na vidyate tṛtiyaṃ hi naivāsti kadāci loke anyatrupāyā puruṣottamānāṃ yad yānanānātv upadarśayanti SP [TH54a1-54b2] ye bhonti 7 śuddhāśaya śuddhacittā vyaktāḥ śucīsūrata buddhaputrā kṛtâdhikārā bahubuddhakoṭiṣu vaipulyasūtrāṇi vadāmi teṣāṃ 50 tathā hi te hy āśayasaṃpadāya viśuddhaśīlāyavidu teṣāṃ vadāmi bhavabuddha bheṣyatha 7 tonti bhonti

14 anāgate dhvani hitânukaṃpakāḥ 51 śrutvā ca prītisphuṭa bhonti 8 sarve buddhā bhaviṣyāma jagatpradhānāḥ punaś ca haṃ jāniya teṣatāṃ cāriṃ vaipulyasūtrāṇi prakāśayāmi 52 ime ca te śravaka nāyakasya yebhiḥ śrutaṃ śāsana mahyam etat ekā pi gāthā śruta dhāritā me sarveṣa bodhāya na kiñci saṃśayam 53 ekaṃ hi yānaṃ na dvitīya vidyate tṛtīya naivāsti kadāci loke anyatrupāyāt puruṣottamānām yaṃ yānanānatv upadarśayaṃti [ ; ] [9] [9] T09.08a tonti bhonti

15 [10] [11] [10] T09.70b04-70b17 [11]

17 adbhuta SP [KN ]: śraddadhata me śāriputra bhūtavādy aham asmi tathāvādy aham asmi ananyathāvādy aham asmi [12] SP [KN ]: durbodhyaṃ śāriputra tathāgatasya saṃdhābhāṣyam tat kasya hetoḥ nānāniruktinirdeśābhilāpanirdeśanair mayā śāriputra vividhair upāyakauśalyaśatasahasrair dharmaḥ saṃprakāśitaḥ [13] saṃdhābhāṣya [12] T09.69b26-27 [13] T09.69b

18 navāṅgam SP [KN29.8-9]: svapratyayān dharmān prakāśayanti vividhopāyakauśalyajñānadarśanahetukāraṇanirdeśanārambaṇaniruktiprajñaptibhis tair upāyakauśalyais tasmiṃs tasmiṃl lagnān sattvān pramocayitum [14] SP [KN ]: mahopāyakauśalyajñānadarśanaparamapāramitāprāptāḥ śāriputra tathāgatā arhantaḥ samyaksaṃbuddhāḥ asaṅgāpratihatajñānadarśanabalavaiśāradyāveṇikendriyabalabodhyaṅgadhyānavimokṣasamādhisamāpattyadbhutadharmasamanvāgatā vividhadharmasaṃprakāśakāḥ [15] 49 (1) SP: Saddharmapuṇ ḍarīka: (1) KN: Hendrik Kern and Bunyiu Nanjio eds., Saddharmapuṇ ḍarīka. Bibliotheca Buddhica 10. St. Pétersbourg, Reprint, Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag, [14] T09.68a05-07 [15] T09.68a

19 201 (2) WT: Unrai Wogihara and Chikao Tsuchida, eds., Saddharmapuṇḍarīka-sūtram: Romanized and Revised Text of the Bibliotheca Buddhica Publication by Consulting a Skt. MS. & Tibetan and Chinese Translations. Tokyo: Sankibo Buddhist Book Store, rd ed. Tokyo: Sankibo Buddhist Book Store, (3) TH: Toda, Hirofumi, ed., Saddharmapuṇḍarīka Central Asian Manuscripts: Romanized Text. Tokushima: Tokushima Kyoiku Shuppan Center, T: (2) : : : : :

20 Hui san gui yi ji (SP II.42 45) of the Zheng fa hua jing by Zhu Fahu Jinghao Bai A set of verses of the "Skillful Means Chapter of the Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra (SP II.42 45), known as, expounds the doctrine that the three vehicles are to be united into one. Of this set of verses three Chinese translations are available: by Zhu Fahu in the Zheng fa hua jing, by Kumārajīva in the Miao fa lian hua jing, and by Jñ ānagupta and Dharmagupta in the Tian pin miao fa lian hua jing. The earliest translation is that by. Biographies of comment that his translation is more plain and artless than Kumārajīva s. In the Chinese Buddhist tradition the translation of is not highly estimated. flourished in the Western Jin ( ) period ( CE). It is likely that he was deeply influenced by realism, a literal tendency predominant in his time. Whatever the case may be, however, it is important to note that in his time Buddhist terminology had not been fixed. This is the main reason that he was held low in the Chinese Buddhist tradition. He had to translate the Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra by employing difficult words and phrases. The present paper aims at making clear how tries to translate the verses in Sanskrit into Chinese. We may point out the following features in his translation: 1. Words are coined with synonyms; 2. Supplementary expression are used; 3. Inversion is in frequent use; 4. Buddhist terms are mistakenly interpreted; 5. A five-word rhythm and a four-word rhythm are mixed. Instances pertaining to the features are as follows: 1. (SP II.42, 46, 47, 48) 2. (SP II.43) 3. (SP II.51) 4. (SP II.45) 5. (SP II.42) The Annals of the Research Project Center for the Comparative Study of Logic 15 (2018): D174962@hiroshima-u.ac.jp

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