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3 IAEA ConvEx-3(2008) IAEA ConvEx-32008ConvEx IAEAIEC 2 2BWR IAEAIEC EAL ConvEx i

4 Report on the Observation of IAEA International Emergency Response Exercise ConvEx-3(2008) Kazuya YAMAMOTO and Akihiro SUMIYA Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center Japan Atomic Energy Agency Hitachinaka-shi, Ibaraki-ken (Received November 19, 2008) The International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA carried out a large-scale international emergency response exercise under the designated name of ConvEx-3(2008), accompanying the national exercise of Mexico in July This review report summarizes two simultaneous observations of the exercises in Mexico and the IAEA headquarter during ConvEx-3(2008). Mexico has established a very steady nuclear emergency response system based on that of US, while only two BWR nuclear power units have been operated yet. The Mexican nuclear emergency response system and the emergency response activities of the Incident and Emergency Centre of the IAEA headquarter impressed important knowledge on observers that is helpful for enhancement of Japanese nuclear emergency response system in the future, e.g. establishment of Emergency Action Level and of implementation of long time exercise and enhancement of prompt protective actions. Japan had established the Act on Special Measures Concerning Nuclear Emergency Preparedness and has developed the nuclear disaster prevention system since the JCO Criticality Accident in Tokai-mura. Now is the new stage to enhance the system on the view point of prevention of a nuclear disaster affecting the neighboring countries or prevention of a nuclear disaster which arise from the neighboring countries. The ConvEx-3(2008) suggested key issues about nuclear disaster prevention related to the neighboring countries, e.g. establishment of much wider environmental monitoring and of international assistance system against a foreign nuclear disaster. The observations of the IAEA ConvEx-3(2008) exercise described in this review report were funded by the MEXT (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology). Keywords: Nuclear Emergency Exercise, IAEA International Emergency Response Exercise, ConvEx-3, Exercise Observation ii

5 IAEAConvEx-3 IAEA EPR-ENATOM 2007 RANET ConvEx-3(2008) ConvEx-3(2008) IAEAIEC IEC PERE IEC ConvEx-3 A EAL B EPR-ENATOM 2007 C ConvEx-3 (2008) D ConvEx-3 (2008) E ConvEx-3 (2008) iii

6 CONTENTS Introduction 1 The IAEA International Emergency Response Exercise ConvEx-3 3 The system of international emergency response and assistance of the IAEA Outline of the EPR-ENATOM Outline of the RANET 8 Description of the ConvEx-3(2008) Participating countries and international organizations Exercise objectives of the ConvEx-3(2008) Accident site information Exercise scenario and scope 20 The activities of the Incident and Emergency Centre of the IAEA during the exercise Description of the Incident and Emergency Centre State of the activities during the exercise 31 State of the activities in Mexico during the ConvEx-3(2008) The nuclear emergency response system of Mexico Outline of the PERE Facilities related to nuclear emergency response State of the activities during the exercise 52 State of international assistance during the ConvEx-3(2008) Atmospheric dispersion forecast modelling and dose assessment Aerial survey Other international assistances 62 Knowledge that is helpful for the Japanese nuclear emergency response Knowledge learned from the exercise of Mexico and IAEA Incident and Emergency Centre Knowledge learned from the ConvEx-3(2008) about nuclear disaster prevention related to the neighboring countries 68 Summary 73 Acknowledgements 74 References 75 Appendix A Emergency Action Level 78 Appendix B Response action in General Emergency case according to the EPR-ENATOM Appendix C Accident development scenario of the ConvEx-3(2008) 83 Appendix D Source Term Data 89 Appendix E Documents of the international assistance during the ConvEx-3(2008) 90 iv

7 IAEA 2 1) ConvEx ConvEx IAEA IAEA Incident and Emergency CentreIEC 1999 JCO IAEA 2002 No. GS-R-2 2) 2007 No. GS-G-2.1 3) IAEA IAEA IEC Emergency Response Centre ERC1989 ERC ENATOMEmergency Notification and Assistance - Technical Operations Manual 4) 2000 ERNETglobal Emergency Response Network ERC 2005 IEC ERNET RANETIAEA Response Assistance Network 5) IAEA ENATOM 2007 EPR-ENATOM ) OECD/NEA International Nuclear Emergency ExercisesINEX ) 1993 INEX INEX 2

8 INEX INEX IAEA ConvEx-3 IAEA IAEA IEC INEX 2000 IAEA 1 ConvEx-3 p.4

9 IAEAConvEx-3 1 IAEA ConvEx-3 2 IAEA IEC ConvEx 2 Convention Exercise IAEA ConvEx ConvEx-3 4,7) 2008 ConvEx EPR-ENATOM 2007 ConvEx-3 ConvEx-3 ConvEx-3351 EPR-ENATOM 2007ConvEx-31 ConvEx-3 8) i) ii) ENATOM iii) ConvEx-3ConvEx-3 ConvEx-3 IAEAIECFAOWHOWMO AB 2 9) A IEC National Competent Authority for an Emergency Abroad NCA(A)National Warning Point NWP BA ConvEx IAEA ENATOM ) ConvEx )

10 National Competent Authority for a Domestic EmergencyNCA(D) BNCA(A) IAEAIEC FAXENACEarly Notification and Assistance Convention Web 4) 3648 ConvEx-3 IAEAIACRNAInter-Agency Committee on Response to Nuclear Accidents IACRNA Working Group on Joint International Exercises 1.5 ConvEx Gravelines 1ConvEx-3OECD/NEA INEX 2000/JINEX-1 10, 11) (Cernavoda) ConvEx-3(2005)IAEA 12) 7) ConvEx-3(2008) NWP NCA(A)NCA(D)

11 FAX * 及び電話による緊急通報 ENAC ウェブサイトを使用した情報提供交換二国間協定等による情報提供交換通報事故想定国 ( レベル B 参加 ) 所轄官庁 NCA(D) 通報事故状況事故発生施設通報 IAEA IEC 情報提供通報情報交換 1 ConvEx-3 レベル A 参加 NWP 通報所轄官庁 NCA(A) 評価対象国関係国際機関 ( レベル B 参加 ) NWP 通報所轄官庁 NCA(A)

12 IAEA ConvEx-3 2 IAEA IEC EPR-ENATOM 2007 RANET ConvEx-3 EPR-ENATOM 2007 EPR-RANET 2006 EPR-ENATOM EPR-ENATOM IAEA 4) EPR-ENATOM 2007 Site Area Emergency IAEA IAEA IEC General Emergency IAEA EPR-ENATOM 2007 IAEA 1000km 50km EPR-ENATOM 2007 IEC EPR-ENATOM 2007 GS-R IAEA 2) AEAL 13)

13 B EPR-ENATOM 2007 EPR-ENATOM 2007 ConvEx Guide for Evaluators 9) IAEA 1 2 IAEA 1000km 50km 1 2 EPR-ENATOM p.6 EAL EAL FAX FAX IAEA IEC NWP NWP NCA(A) FAX EPR-ENATOM 2007 IAEA IEC FAX 1 IAEA EMERCON EMERCON 3 GENF General Emergency at Nuclear Facility Form MPA Radiation Measurements and Protective Actions Form SRFStandard Reporting Form SRF EMERCON IAEA IEC FAX ENAC ENAC Web IAEA Early Notification and Assistance Conventions web site ENAC IAEA IEC IEC ID EPR-ENATOM 2007 EMERCON FAX FAX IEC IEC EMERCON Emergency Convention 4)

14 EPR-ENATOM 2007 IAEA IEC RANET EPR-ENATOM IAEA RANET EPR-RANET 2006 EPR-RANET ) EPR-RANET ) 1- Assistance Action Plan 2) 2- RANET RANET Registry 3) 3- Technical Guidelines EPR-RANET 2006 IAEA EPR-RANET 2006 IEC RANET RANET RANET 2RANET IEC RANET EPR-RANET RANET RANET (1) ( 3 ) (2) (3) (National Assistance CapabilitiesNAC)

15 (4) NAC (5) RANET (6) RANET IAEA IEC RANET 2 EPR-RANET 2006 (Field Assistance TeamFAT ) FATIAEA IEC EPR-RANET 2006 External Based SupportEBS) 3 EPR-RANET 2006 FAT RANET 4 a) b) c) d) 4 12 RANET NAC Aerial survey Radiation monitoring Environmental measurements Source search/recovery Assessment and advice Medical support Public health protection Biodosimetry Internal dose assessment Bioassay Histopathology Dose reconstruction

16 EPR-RANET (1) EMERCON FAX IAEA IEC (2) IEC IAEA (Field Response TeamFRT) (3) RANET IEC RANET NWP (4) NWP NCA(A)NCA(A) IEC (5) IEC Assistance Action Plan NCA(A) (6) IEC NCA(A) (7) NCA(A) NAC (8) NAC FAT EBS IAEA FRT FAT Joint Assistance Team JAT) IEC JAT 4 JAT RANET 11 14) RANET RANET ERNET 6 ConvEx-3(2008)

17 1b 1 IAEA FRT 1a IAEA IEC NWP 3 NCA(A) NAC 5 2 IAEA RANET EPR-RANET )

18 NCA(A) EBS IAEA IEC FAT 3 FAT EPR-RANET )

19 NCA(A) EBS IAEA IEC JAT JAT FAT IAEA FRT 4 JAT EPR-RANET )

20 ConvEx-3(2008) 67 9) IAEA 15) ConvEx-3(2008) ConvEx-3 IAEA 9) 1 5 ConvEx-3(2008) 2 ConvEx-3 IAEA IEC A B ConvEx B 3 EPR-ENATOM 2007 IEC B A 2005 ConvEx-3(2005) 7,12) B B 1 4 B 26 1 RANET RANET B EPR-ENATOM 2007 RANET ConvEx-3 B B 2 ConvEx-3(2008)IAEA 4 ConvEx-3(2008) B ConvEx-3(2005) IAEA 5 B EC A

21 ConvEx-3 IAEA FAO WHOWMO 3 ConvEx-3(2008) ConvEx-3 9) Exercise Manual 16) Guide for Evaluators 17) 17) ConvEx-3(2008) ERC ERC ERM

22 ERC1UTC) ERC ERC 1 2 FAXENAC 15 ERC

23 NWPCA(A) a) IEC b) NWP c) CA(A) IAEAIEC a) CA(A) b) IECCA(A) IAEARANET 2005 ConvEx-3(2005) 7) CA(A)

24 12 16) a) b) IAEA (3)ConvEx-3 (2005) 7)

25 17) ConvEx-3(2008) 2005 ConvEx-3(2005) 17) 2009 ConvEx-3(2008) ConvEx-3(2008) IAEA IEC 8) ConvEx-3(2005) 7) ConvEx-3(2008) Laguna Verde Xalapa 60km Veracruz 70km 290 km km 700 km 1200 km 1 Comisin Federal de ElectricidadCFE 680MWe BWRBWR-5 Mark-II

26 ConvEx ConvEx ) 8) ConvEx ConvEx () / () ( ( ) (3) ConvEx CFE

27 (Comisin Nacional de Seguridad Nuclear y SalvaguardiasCNSNS)IAEA IACRNA 16) BWR C EAL NSW NSW15 Unusual Event NSW 1 NSW Alert Emergency 1 DGDG-1 Site Emergency 5CNSNS RCIC L HPCSATWS L1ADS RHRB

28 RHR-BNSW- ADS General Emergency Top active fuel TAFRCIC N-2TAF H2: 4.5%,O2: 3.5% kg/cm 2 D

29 事故発生国レベルA 演習参加国 (41) レベルB 演習参加国 (26) 5 CONVEX-3 (2008) CONVEX-3 (2008) Guide for Players 9) 米国テキサス州メキシコラグナベルデ原子力発電所キューバメキシコシティーグアテマラ 6 CONVEX-3 (2008) Guide for Players 9)

30 1 CONVEX-3 (2008) Guide for Players 9)

31 1 ConvEx-3(2008) CONVEX-3(2008)Guide for Players 9) A 1 Algeria 15 Indonesia 29 Norway 2 Argentina 16 Italy 30 Paraguay 3 Armenia 17 Japan 31 Poland 4 Australia 18 Korea 32 Romania 5 Belarus 19 Kuwait 33 Russian Fed. 6 Bolivia 20 Latvia 34 Singapore 7 Bulgaria 21 Lebanon 35 Slovakia 8 China 22 Luxembourg 36 South Africa 9 Czech Rep. 23 Malaysia 37 Sweden 10 Egypt 24 Mauritius 38 Tunisia 11 Estonia 25 Moldova 39 UK 12 Finland 26 Morocco 40 Ukraine 13 Greece 27 Myanmar 41 Venezuela 14 Guatemala 28 New Zealand B 1 Albania 14 Lithuania 2 Austria 15 3 Belgium 16 Netherlands 4 Brazil 17 Nicaragua 5 Canada 18 Pakistan 6 Cuba 19 Philippines 7 France 20 Portugal 8 Germany 21 Slovenia 9 Haiti 22 Spain 10 Hungary 23 Switzerland 11 Iran 24 Thailand 12 Ireland 25 Turkey 13 Kenya 26 USA RANET

32 2 ConvEx-3(2008) CONVEX-3(2008)Guide for Players 9) 1 IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency 2 EC European Commission 3 EUROPOL European Police Office 4 PAHO Pan American Health Organization 5 FAO Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations 6 ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization 7 OECD/NEA OECD Nuclear Energy Agency 8 INTERPOL International Criminal Police Organization 9 WHO World Health Organization 10 WMO World Meteorological Organization

5.1 IEC IEC 2005 2 IEC IEC IAEA AB B 8 IEC IAEA B (1)

33 5.1 IEC IEC IEC IEC IAEA AB B 8 IEC IAEA B (1) IEC IEC 24 Full Response Mode IEC IEC () ENAC ENAC IEC IEC

34 IEC 20 IEC IEC 10 IEC IAEA Department of Nuclear Safety and Security ConvEx IEC IEC IAEA 10 2 (2) IEC IEC ID

35 IEC 8 IEC IAEA Alert log EMERCON MTPI ENAC WMO IEC

36 Action Items 4 WMO ENAC CNN ENAC CNN (3) IEC FAX ENAC IEC ConvEx-3(2008) IEC ST-DOSE NRCU.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission RASCAL Radiological Assessment System for Consequence Analysis 18) NRC RASCAL 31)

37 IEC IEC INSC International Nuclear Safety Center 19) 5.2 IEC IEC IEC IEC 4 ENAC FAX (1) IEC CNN IEC

IEC 1330 IEC 13 35 Facility Emergency EMERCON FAX IEC 6 4 IEC 1335 Facility Emergency(Alert)(Site Area

38 IEC 1330 IEC Facility Emergency EMERCON FAX IEC 6 4 IEC 1335 Facility Emergency(Alert)(Site Area Emergency) IEC Stern IEC CNN IEC Facility Emergency CNSNS NCA(D) IEC (Alert) 1445 EMERCON FAX IEC EMERCON FAX IEC

1705 EMERCON FAX IEC IEC 1720 24 WMO-RSMC

IAEA WHO WHO 8 18351715 5 km 982 1922516km

39 1705 EMERCON FAX IEC IEC WMO-RSMC NWP 1735 FAX IEC 1734 FAX IEC ( 7 E ) 1445 IAEA WHO WHO km km ENAC

40 516km km 2009 IAEA ConvEx-3(2008) 2058 WMO-RSMCRegional Specialized Meteorological Centre FAX NOAANational Oceanic Atmospheric Administration HYSPLIT HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model Cs FAX FAX FAX EMERCON FAX IEC km EMERCON ENAC

41 IEC IEC IEC ENAC ENAC IEC IAEA ENAC IEC NCA(A) FAX INES INES IEC 16km CNN 3

IEC CNN 10 1116 IEC NCA(A) FAX IEC 657 IEC NCA(A) 10 13001400 IEC 3 10 1350 1402 ASN(Autorité de sûreté nucléaire) FAX 1630 8 1454 WMO-RSMC WMO-RSMC

42 IEC CNN IEC NCA(A) FAX IEC 657 IEC NCA(A) IEC ASN(Autorité de sûreté nucléaire) FAX WMO-RSMC WMO-RSMC Cs ( )WMO NARACNational Atmospheric Release Advisory Center ENAC IEC NCA(A) 1506 IAEA C 4 IAEA IEC Stern 3 Stern 5km16km km EPZ

43 INES 5 34 IAEA IEC ENAC IEC 9 16)

44 (2) IEC IAEA IEC FAX ENAC IEC IEC IT

45 6.1 Laguna Verde(Comisin Federal de ElectricidadCFE) (Comisin Nacional de Seguridad Nuclear y SalvaguardiasCNSNS) CFE 20) IAEA EPR-ENATOM 2007 NCA(D) CNSNS 7 CNSNS (Plan de Emergencia Interna PEI)(Plan de Emergencias Radiolgico ExternoPERE) PEI NRC NUREG-0654/FEMA-REP-1 21) Technical Support CenterTSCOperational Support Center OSC Centro de Control de Emergencias CCE) PEI 8 CCE EOFEmergency Operations Facility OFCCFE PERE CFE ()Veracruz PERE PERE ConvEx-3(2008) PERE20, 22) PERE NUREG-0654/FEMA-REP-1 EPZEmergency Planning Zone EPZ 16km (10 EPZ 80km (50

Emergency Action LevelEAL) NEI-99-01 Rev.

46 Emergency Action LevelEAL) NEI Rev.4 23) 22) EAL 4 NEI UNAL ESEG 4 A CCE EALUNALESEG ROSP R OS( )PNEI EAL

47 ESO-3.2 OES 3.2 SLC C 3 EAL Environmental Protection Agency EPA 24) 22) 4 15 rem1050 msv 1 rem10 msv 5km ()

48 ConvEx-3(2008) 5km 5km 5km ( 928 ) km ENAC IEC ENAC PERE 22) 25) PERE 2 PEI 5 20) ) (1) (SSShift Supervisor) (SECSite Emergency Coordinator)UN CNSNS ALESEG SEC CNSNS CNSNS PEI AL CCE CCE (ORE)

49 CCE Fax Fax ERSS ICS SPDS) CCE CCE SPDS JNESEmergency Response Supporting SystemERSS 26)

50 (2) CCE OFC CCE 9km El Farallon EPZ 16km (10 EOF 20 9 EPZ 16km CCE Medellin 67km CCE CFEJC Jefatura de Control CNSNS8 CCE CCE CCE 3

51 SPDS) MELCOR 27) 42 ERSS DPSAPS 25) RASCAL (Ver. 3.05) 18) SPEEDI 20) RASCAL CCE CCE CNSNS CFE 29) System for Prediction of Environmental Emergency Dose InformationSPEEDI 28)

52 CCE CCE 8 (3) 10 Centro de Monitoreo de Evacuados 16km EPZ 61 Centro de Reunin9

CarranzaUrsulo Galvan 4 40km Vega de Alatorre 66km Nautla 2 CME Albergues

53 SEGOB PERE 22) CME 70km Cempoala 100km Cordoba Emilio Carranza La Esperanza 3 Albergues 60km Cardel 60km Cempoala 100km Emilio CarranzaUrsulo Galvan 4 40km Vega de Alatorre 66km Nautla 2 CME Albergues 16km EPZ (4) CDV CME 22) (Centro de Descontaminacin de Equipo y VehculosCDV) CDV 2 20km CDV CDV CME

54 CDV CDV ConvEx-3(2008)CDV 11 CDV CDV 0.5cps 0.1cps (Bq/cm 2 )cps CDV

55 (5) CME CME CME CME CME CME CME 4.2cps 0.2cps CME HOSNAVER(SESVER) CME (Paramedic) CDV ()

56 Cempoala CME CME

57 (6) PCE (Puesto de Control de la ExposicinPCE) CCE El Farallon 30km PCE PCE

58 6.2 ConvEx-3(2008) CDV CME CCE PCE 10 () ConvEx-3(2008) 600 CME CDV CME CDV PCE CNSNS CME (1) CDV CDV CDV CDV

59 CDV (2) CME CME CDV CME (1) 2 CFE CME

60 (3) 10 CNSNS IAEA BWR 2 BWR 1 (40 ) 1 PERE (15 )

61 7 CNSNS CONVEX-3 (2008) Guide for Players 9)

62 運営支援センター OSC 技術支援センター TSC 発電所中央制御室管理棟 8 PEI CONVEX-3 (2008) Guide for Players 9) 緊急時管理センター CCE

63 16kmEPZ 範囲ラグナベルデ原子力発電所緊急時管理センター CCE 緑の四角は集合センター Centro de Reunión( 約 60ヶ所 ) の場所を示す 9 EPZ16km CONVEX-3 (2008) Guide for Players 9)

64 避難所 Nautla. 20km 避難所 Vega de Alatorre ラグナベルデ原子力発電所避難者モニタリングセンター及び避難所 Cordoba 避難所 Veracruz 避難者モニタリングセンター Cempoala 10 CONVEX-3 (2008) Guide for Players 9)

65 Cardel PCE: Puesto de Control de la Exposicin CDV PCE CDV

66 ConvEx-3(2008)IEC FAT IEC IEC RANET 3.2 RANET RANET E WMO-RSMCRegional Specialized Meteorological Centre () Cs WMO-RSMC NOAA ARLAir Resources Laboratory HYSPLIT HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model 30) Cs Bq WMO-RSMC IEC ST-DOSESource Term to Dose NRC RASCAL 31) IEC ConvEx-3 IEC WMO RASCAL WMO-RSMC WMO-RSMC DOE NARACNational Atmospheric Release Advisory Center 32)

67 RSMC NARAC ( ) Cs137 E Cs137 RASCAL ConvEx-3(2008) SPEEDI WSPEEDI 33) NARAC FEERCFederal Environmental Emergency Response Center 7.2 E 3 IEC production of aerial surveys IEC 8 ASN E HERINUC RANET 20 FAX

68 7.3 FAX IEC ( E 5 6 )WHO FAX 38 mr/h (9.8C//h) 33rem/h 4 mr/h (1.0C//h) 3.4rem/h WHO 16) FAO IEC ConvEx-3 CNSNS () IEC FAO ConvEx-3(2008) ConvEx-3(2008) 2009 FAO ConvEx-3(2008)

69 ConvEx IAEA IEC 8.1 IEC (1) 3 IAEA 2 ConvEx BWR ConvEx-3(2008)

70 (2) EAL EAL A IAEA GS-R-2 2) IAEA EAL (7) 15 IAEA EAL 3 IAEA ENATOM EAL IEC Full Response Mode NCA(D) IAEA IAEA EAL EAL BWR 2 EAL

71 (3) (4) IAEA IEC 3 1 ConvEx ConvEx-3 5 IEC IEC IAEA IEC 2

72 2 (4) (5) EPZ CME Albergues 16km EPZ CME 70km 100km Albergues 40km100km 70km 100km ()

73 35 13 EPZ EPZ EPZ 10km 10km 50km 34 EPZ (6) (7) 6 ConvEx-3(2008) IAEA GS-R-2 2) PAZ IAEA PAZ ConvEx-3(2008) ) 13) EPZ EPZ38

74 ConvEx-3(2008) 6 2km 37) IAEA PAZ IAEA ConvEx-3(2005) 36) ConvEx-3 IAEA ConvEx ConvEx-3 IAEA ConvEx-3 3 IAEA ENATOM NCAA) NCAD) 12 ENATOM () ConvEx-3 (1) 3 EPR-ENATOM km

75 300km i) ii) iii) WSPEEDI 33) iv) (2) ( )KINSKorea Institute of Nuclear Safety CARE(Computerized Technical Advisory System for the Radiological Emergency) system 38) IERNet (Integrated Environment Radiation Monitoring Network) STES (Source Term Estimation System) FADAS (Following Accident Dose Assessment System) IAEA EPR-METHOD 2003 Method for Developing Arrangements for Response to a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency 38

76 (3) RANET RANET ConvEx-3 ConvEx-3 RANET RANET EBS FAT 2 NAC

77 FAX 及び電話による緊急通報 ENAC ウェブサイトを使用した情報提供交換日本 ( 隣国 ) 日韓原子力平和利用協力取極 ( 平成 2 年 10 月 11 日外務省告示第 449 号 ) # # 二国間協力取極による情報提供交換 IAEA IEC 第 1 通報情報交換外務省国際原子力協力室 NWP 通報 NCA (A) 通報韓国 ( 事故発生国 ) NCA(D) 韓国科学技術省 (MOST) 情報交換放射能対策連絡会議 ( 官邸 : 内閣官房 ) 原子力研究所 (KAERI) 通報事故状況原子力安全技術院 (KINS) 文経JAEA センター NIRS そ環境放射線監視事故発生施設 12 ENATOM NUSTEC 省庁の他関係部科学省済産業省

78 3 ConvEx-3(2008) 52

79 9 IAEA ConvEx IAEA IEC IEC 2 BWR IEC (1) (2) EAL (3) (4) (5) EPZ (6) (7) ConvEx (1) (2) (3) IAEA ConvEx ConvEx-3

80 ConvEx ConvEx IAEA IEC Rafael Martincic Martincic CNSNS Alejandro Cortes Carmona IAEA IEC IEC IEC JAEA

81 [1] International Atomic Energy Agency: Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident and Convention on Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency, Legal Series No. 14, IAEA, Vienna (1987). [2] International Atomic Energy Agency, et al.: Preparedness and Response for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency, IAEA Safety Requirements No. GS-R-2, IAEA, Vienna (2002). [3] International Atomic Energy Agency, et al.: Arrangements for Preparedness for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency, IAEA Safety Guide GS-G-2.1 (2007). [4] International Atomic Energy Agency: Emergency Notification and Assistance - Technical Operations Manual, EPR-ENATOM 2007, IAEA, Vienna (2007). [5] International Atomic Energy Agency: IAEA Response Assistance Network - Incident and Emergency Centre, EPR-RANET 2006, IAEA, Vienna (2006) [6] OECD Nuclear Energy Agency, Working Party on Nuclear Emergency Matters (WPNEM): International Nuclear Emergency Exercises (INEX), (online) < [7] IAEA ConvEx-3JAEA-Review (2007) [8] R. Martincic: ConvEx-3 (2008) - Exercise Concept, ANSN, [9] International Atomic Energy Agency, IACRNA: CONVEX-3 (2008) Guide for Players, IAEAVienna(2008) [10] International Atomic Energy Agency: International Nuclear Emergency Exercise JINEX 1, IAEA Evaluation Report, EPR-CONVEX 3/JINEX 1 (2001), Vienna, Oct [11] OECD Nuclear Energy Agency, Working Party on Nuclear Emergency Matters (WPNEM): INEX 2000 Exercise Evaluation Report, NEA/CRPPH/INEX(2005)10, (2005) [12] International Atomic Energy Agency, IACRNA: CONVEX-3 (2005) Exercise Report, IAEAVienna(2005) [13] [14] American Nuclear Society: NUCLEAR NEWS, May 2008, p.52 [15] International Atomic Energy Agency: 38-Hour Global Drill on Simulated Nuclear Accident Concludes, IAEA News Top Stories, 11 July 2008 (online) <

82 [16] International Atomic Energy Agency, IACRNA: CONVEX-3 (2008) Exercise Manual, IAEAVienna(2008) [17] International Atomic Energy Agency, IACRNA: CONVEX-3 (2008) Guide for Evaluators, IAEAVienna(2008) [18] S.A. McGuire, J.V. Ramsdell, Jr., G.F. Athey, RASCAL 3.0.5: Description of Models and Methods, NUREG-1887, U.S. NRC, Washington, DC (2007). [19] Argonne National Laboratory: International Nuclear Safety Center (INSC), (online) < [20] Secretaría de Energía SENER: National Report presented by United Mexican States to fulfill the obligations of the Convention on Nuclear Safety , IAEA, (2007) [21] U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission: Criteria for Preparation and Evaluation of Radiological Emergency Response Plans and Preparedness in Support of Nuclear Plants, NUREG-0654/FEMA-REP-1, Rev. 1, U.S. NRC, Washington, DC (1980). [22] Secretaría de Gobernación (SEGOB): PERE (Plan de Emergencia Radiológico Externo) (online) < 307&nIdLateralIzq=302&nIdFooter=301> [23] Nuclear Energy Institute: Methodology for Development of Emergency Action Levels, NEI Rev. 4 (NUMARC/NESP-007), (2003) [24] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Manual of Protective Action Guides and Protective Actions for Nuclear Incidents, EPA 400-R , (1992). [25] (2006). [26] ERSS (online) < [27] Sandia National Laboratories: MELCOR, (online) < > [28] SPEEDI N (online) < [29] Fumitaka Watanabe: Improvement of Emergency Information Clearinghouse (ECHO) for Nuclear Emergency Management, 2nd International Joint Topical Meeting on Emergency Preparedness & Response and Robotic & Remote Systems, March 9-12, Albuquerque, NM, USA (2008)

83 ECHO JAEA-Technology (2008) [30] National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center: HYSPLIT - Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model, (online) < [31] Sjoreen, A., et al., Radiological Assessment System for Consequence Analysis (RASCAL) Version 3.0, ANS 7th Topical Meeting on Emergency Preparedness and Response, Santa Fe, NM USA, American Nuclear Society, Sept , [32] National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center: NARAC, (online) < > [33] () WSPEEDI 2 Vol. 7, No. 3, p (2008) [34] JAEA-Review (2007) [35] National Commission of Nuclear Safety and Safeguards: Observers Manual: CONVEX-3 (2008) Exercise, Laguna Verde Veracruz, Mexico, July 2008, (2008) [36] JAEA-Review (2008) [37] International Atomic Energy Agency: Method for Developing Arrangements for Response to a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency, EPR-METHOD 2003, IAEA, Vienna (2003). [38] Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety: CARE system, (online) < >

84 A EAL IAEA GS-R-2 2) 4.20 EALEmergency Action Level EPR-METHOD ) IAEA 1 4 IAEA GS-R-2 NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission NUREG ) NEI (NUMARC/NESP-007) 23) NEI Nuclear Energy Institute NRC IAEA 1 IAEA NUREG-0654 NEI IAEADS44 Criteria for Use in Preparedness and Response to a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency, Version 2.0 (2007))

85 Emergency Action Level Alert Facility Emergency Site Area Emergency General Emergency 1 IAEA NRC 2, 21) IAEA NRC Notification of Unusual Event EPA PAG*)

86 B EPR-ENATOM IAEA IEC NCA(D)GENFFAX1 1 IEC NCA(D) ENAC IEC24/7 HP NWP URLGENF 1 NCA(D)IEC1 NWPNCA(A) FAX ENAC HP URL 1 NCA(A) ENAC ENAC 1 IAEA IEC NCA(D)GENFMPA FAXIEC NCA(A) FAX GENFMPAFAX ENAC ENAC HP km p.6

87 IAEA IEC NCA(D) WMO WMO NCA(D)FAX IEC ENAC NCA(A) FAX ENAC IAEA IEC NCA(A) NCA(A) IEC MPAFAXIEC HPURL NCA(A) FAX ENAC ENAC ENAC HP

88 IAEA IEC NCA(A) FAX IEC NCA(D) NCA(A) NCA(A) FAX NCA(D) ENAC NCA(A) FAXIEC NCA(A) FAX IAEA IEC NCA(D) FAXIEC HPURLENAC ENAC HPURL IAEAMTPI) ENAC INES INES/NEWSERF IAEAHP 1IAEA IAEAINES INES ERFEvent Rating Form IAEA INES INES/NEWS 13

89 C ConvEx-3 (2008)1 16) 1 100() 2 100() From To NSW 1NSW A B SECSite Emergency Coordinator 15 NUP-4.1 CNSNS 1 1 ) ALP-4.1 CNSNS NSW NUP-4.1 CNSNS CNSNS CNSNS IEC

90 C ConvEx-3 (2008) 2 16) From To 1 1 ALS-1.1 CNSNS DG 3 DG-1 1 TSC(Technical Support Center)ECC(Emergency Control 73.68kg/cm 2 Center)ORETF(Mexican Off-site Response Organization Task ATWSadvanced transient without scram Force) ESO-3.1 CNSNS BRIbackup rod insertion ARIautomatic alternate insersion L8

91 C ConvEx-3 (2008) 3 16) From To HPCSADS ATWS 74kg/cm 2 RCIC SLC ESO-3.2 L2 L2 MSIV SLC HPCS SGTS MSIV HCTLheat capacity temperature limit MSIV

92 C ConvEx-3 (2008) 4 16) From To L1 NCCWnuclear closed cooling 1 2 water HPC ADS ATWS RCIC TAF 0.118kg/cm kg/cm 2 RHRB RCIC TAF I-131 2µCi/g (0.76kg/cm 2 ) 0.5

93 C ConvEx-3 (2008) 5 16) From To PLGGMSPost LOCA gross ganmma monitoring sysutem 2.5R/h RHR-B NSW-II ESO-2.5 ADS() EGO-3.1 N-21 ESO-2.1 TAF63cm ESO % 4.5% EGO-2.7 ( ) EGO-2.5 1%10% I µCi/g

94 C ConvEx-3 (2008) 6 16) From To TAF TSC ECC EAL NUP-4.1 ALP-4.1ALS-1.1 ESO-3.1ESO-3.2ESO-2.5 ESO-2.1ESO-2.7 EGO-3.1EGR-1.1EGO-2.7 EGO % General Emergency

95 D ConvEx-3 (2008) CONVEX-3 (2008) Guide for Controllers 9) (Ci) (Ci) (Ci) Kr E+01 Y E-02 Rb E-14 Kr-85m 4.82E+02 Mo E-01 Rb E+02 Kr E+01 Tc-99m 4.82E-01 Y E-05 Kr E+02 Ru E-01 Y-91m 1.03E-02 Xe-131m 6.42E+01 Ru E-02 Tc E-10 Xe E+04 Sb E-01 Rh-103m 3.44E-01 Xe-133m 3.67E+02 Sb E-01 Rh E-02 Xe E+03 Te-129m 3.44E-01 Te-127m 1.26E-04 Xe-135m 4.13E+00 Te-131m 6.42E-01 Te E-01 Xe E-06 Te E+00 Te E-01 I E+01 Cs E+00 Te E-01 I E+01 Cs E-01 Cs E-09 I E+01 Cs E+00 Cs E-03 I E-01 Ba E+00 Ba-137m 1.56E+00 I E+01 La E-02 Pr-144m 3.21E-04 Sr E+00 Ce E-02 Pr E-02 Sr E-02 Np E-01 Sr E+00 Pu E-08

96 E ConvEx-3 (2008) WMO-RSMCCs

97 WMO-RSMCCs

98 IAEAIEC

100

101

102 This is a blank page.

103 国際単位系 (SI) 表 1.SI 基本単位基本量 SI 基本単位名称記号長さメートル m 質量キログラム kg 時間秒 s 電流アンペア A 熱力学温度ケルビン K 物質量モル mol 光度カンデラ cd 表 2. 基本単位を用いて表されるSI 組立単位の例組立量 SI 基本単位名称記号面積平方メートル m 2 体積立法メートル m 3 速さ, 速度メートル毎秒 m/s 加速度メートル毎秒毎秒 m/s 2 波数毎メートル m -1 密度, 質量密度キログラム毎立方メートル kg/m 3 面積密度キログラム毎平方メートル kg/m 2 比体積立方メートル毎キログラム m 3 /kg 電流密度アンペア毎平方メートル A/m 2 磁界の強さアンペア毎メートル A/m 量濃度, 濃度モル毎立方メートル mol/m 3 質量濃度キログラム毎立法メートル kg/m 3 輝度カンデラ毎平方メートル cd/m 2 屈折率 (b) ( 数字の ) 1 1 比透磁率 (b) ( 数字の ) 1 1 (a) 量濃度 (amount concentration) は臨床化学の分野では物質濃度 (substance concentration) ともよばれる (b) これらは無次元量あるいは次元 1 をもつ量であるがそのことを表す単位記号である数字の 1 は通常は表記しない表 3. 固有の名称と記号で表されるSI 組立単位 SI 組立単位組立量他のSI 単位による SI 基本単位による名称記号表し方表し方平面角ラジアン (b) rad 1 (b) m/m 立体角ステラジアン (b) sr (c) 1 (b) m 2/ m 2 周波数ヘルツ (d) Hz s -1 力ニュートン N m kg s -2 圧力, 応力パスカル Pa N/m 2 m -1 kg s -2 エネルギー, 仕事, 熱量ジュール J N m m 2 kg s -2 仕事率, 工率, 放射束ワット W J/s m 2 kg s -3 電荷, 電気量クーロン C s A 電位差 ( 電圧 ), 起電力ボルト V W/A m 2 kg s -3 A -1 静電容量ファラド F C/V m -2 kg -1 s 4 A 2 電気抵抗オーム Ω V/A m 2 kg s -3 A -2 コンダクタンスジーメンス S A/V m -2 kg -1 s 3 A 2 磁束ウエーバ Wb Vs m 2 kg s -2 A -1 磁束密度テスラ T Wb/m 2 kg s -2 A -1 インダクタンスヘンリー H Wb/A m 2 kg s -2 A -2 セルシウス温 (e) 度セルシウス度 K 光束ルーメン lm cd sr (c) cd 照度ルクス lx lm/m 2 m -2 cd 放射性核種の放射能ベクレル (d) Bq s -1 吸収線量, 比エネルギー分与, カーマグレイ Gy J/kg m 2 s -2 線量当量, 周辺線量当量, 方向シーベルト (g) 性線量当量, 個人線量当量 Sv J/kg m 2 s -2 酸素活性カタール kat s -1 mol (a)si 接頭語は固有の名称と記号を持つ組立単位と組み合わせても使用できるしかし接頭語を付した単位はもはやコヒーレントではない (b) ラジアンとステラジアンは数字の 1 に対する単位の特別な名称で量についての情報をつたえるために使われる実際には使用する時には記号 rad 及び sr が用いられるが習慣として組立単位としての記号である数字の 1 は明示されない (c) 測光学ではステラジアンという名称と記号 sr を単位の表し方の中にそのまま維持している (d) ヘルツは周期現象についてのみベクレルは放射性核種の統計的過程についてのみ使用される (e) セルシウス度はケルビンの特別な名称でセルシウス温度を表すために使用されるセルシウス度とケルビンの単位の大きさは同一であるしたがって温度差や温度間隔を表す数値はどちらの単位で表しても同じである (f) 放射性核種の放射能 (activity referred to a radionuclide) はしばしば誤った用語で radioactivity と記される (g) 単位シーベルト (PV,2002,70,205) については CIPM 勧告 2(CI-2002) を参照表 5.SI 接頭語乗数接頭語記号乗数接頭語記号ヨタ Y 10-1 デシ d ゼタ Z 10-2 センチ c エクサ E 10-3 ミリ m ペタ P 10-6 マイクロ µ テラ T 10-9 ナノ n 10 9 ギガ G ピコ p 10 6 メガ M フェムト f 10 3 キロ k アト a 10 2 ヘクト h ゼプト z 10 1 デカ da ヨクト y 表 6.SIに属さないが SIと併用される単位名称記号 SI 単位による値分 min 1 min=60s 時 h 1h =60 min=3600 s 日 d 1 d=24 h= s 度 1 =(π/180) rad 分 1 =(1/60) =(π/10800) rad 秒 1 =(1/60) =(π/648000) rad ヘクタール ha 1ha=1hm 2 =10 4 m 2 リットル L,l 1L=11=1dm 3 =10 3 cm 3 =10-3 m 3 トン t 1t=10 3 kg 表 7.SIに属さないが SIと併用される単位で SI 単位で表される数値が実験的に得られるもの名称記号 SI 単位で表される数値電子ボルト ev 1eV= (14) J ダルトン Da 1Da= (28) kg 統一原子質量単位 u 1u=1 Da 天文単位 ua 1ua= (6) m 表 8.SIに属さないが SIと併用されるその他の単位名称記号 SI 単位で表される数値バール bar 1bar=0.1MPa=100kPa=10 5 Pa 水銀柱ミリメートル mmhg 1mmHg= Pa オングストローム A 1A =0.1nm=100pm=10-10 m 海里 M 1M=1852m バーン b 1b=100fm 2 =(10-12 cm)2=10-28 m 2 ノット kn 1kn=(1852/3600)m/s ネーパ Np ベル B デジベル db SI 単位との数値的な関係は対数量の定義に依存表 9. 固有の名称をもつCGS 組立単位名称記号 SI 単位で表される数値エルグ erg 1 erg=10-7 J ダイン dyn 1 dyn=10-5 N 表 4. 単位の中に固有の名称と記号を含むSI 組立単位の例ポアズ P 1 P=1 dyn s cm -2 =0.1Pa s SI 組立単位ストークス St 1 St =1cm 2 s -1 =10-4 m 2 s -1 組立量 SI 基本単位による名称記号スチルブ sb 1 sb =1cd cm -2 =10 4 cd m -2 表し方フォト ph 1 ph=1cd sr cm lx 粘度パスカル秒 Pa s m -1 kg s -1 ガル Gal 力のモーメントニュートンメートル N m m 2 kg s -2 1 Gal =1cm s -2 =10-2 ms -2 マクスウェル Mx 表面張力ニュートン毎メートル N/m kg s -2 1 Mx = 1G cm 2 =10-8 Wb 角速度ラジアン毎秒 rad/s m m -1 s -1 =s -1 ガウス G 1 G =1Mx cm -2 =10-4 T 角加速度ラジアン毎秒毎秒 rad/s 2 m m -1 s -2 =s -2 エルステッド (c) Oe 1 Oe (10 3 /4π)A m -1 熱流密度, 放射照度ワット毎平方メートル W/m 2 kg s -3 熱容量, エントロピージュール毎ケルビン J/K m 2 kg s -2 K -1 比熱容量, 比エントロピージュール毎キログラム毎ケルビン J/(kg K) m 2 s -2 K -1 (c)3 元系のCGS 単位系とSIでは直接比較できないため等号比エネルギージュール毎キログラム J/kg m 2 s -2 は対応関係を示すものである熱伝導率ワット毎メートル毎ケルビン W/(m K) m kg s -3 K -1 体積エネルギージュール毎立方メートル J/m 3 m -1 kg s -2 表 10.SIに属さないその他の単位の例電界の強さボルト毎メートル V/m m kg s -3 A -1 名称記号 SI 単位で表される数値電荷密度クーロン毎立方メートル C/m 3 m -3 sa キュリー Ci 1 Ci= Bq 表面電荷クーロン毎平方メートル C/m 2 m -2 sa レントゲン R 1 R = C/kg 電束密度, 電気変位クーロン毎平方メートル C/m 2 m -2 sa 誘電率ファラド毎メートル F/m ラド rad m -3 kg -1 s 4 A 2 1 rad=1cgy=10-2 Gy 透磁率ヘンリー毎メートル H/m m kg s -2 A -2 レム rem 1 rem=1 csv=10-2 Sv モルエネルギージュール毎モル J/mol m 2 kg s -2 mol -1 ガンマ γ 1γ=1 nt=10-9t モルエントロピー, モル熱容量ジュール毎モル毎ケルビン J/(mol K) m 2 kg s -2 K -1 mol -1 フェルミ 1フェルミ =1 fm=10-15m 照射線量 ( X 線及び γ 線 ) クーロン毎キログラム C/kg kg -1 sa メートル系カラット 1メートル系カラット = 200 mg = kg 吸収線量率グレイ毎秒 Gy/s m 2 s -3 トル Torr 1 Torr = ( /760) Pa 放射強度ワット毎ステラジアン W/sr m 4 m -2 kg s -3 =m 2 kg s -3 標準大気圧 atm 1 atm = Pa 放射輝度ワット毎平方メートル毎ステラジアン W/(m 2 sr) m 2 m -2 kg s -3 =kg s -3 1cal=4.1858J( 15 カロリー),4.1868J カロリー cal 酵素活性濃度カタール毎立方メートル kat/m 3 m -3 s -1 mol ( IT カロリー)4.184J( 熱化学カロリー) 6 ( 第 8 版,2006 年改訂 )

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main.dvi FORMATH Vol. 8 (2009): 63 91 63 FAO, The Reporting Status of FAO Statistics on the Forest Resources and Forest Products Oka, Hiroyasu : : Abstract:,,, FAO (2005 ) (2006 ). FRA2005 7, 9. 99%,, FAO. 3/4,.,