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さゆりのたけ
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1 : ｨC , , , , , , ( ) ( ) , , , , je07sa (Ch, Shd) part Ch 9, Shd , ; perfect, resultative marker , : , , : s ｯo, is ｯo07 Tz (Dz, Tz, K) 1 pron Dz 6, Tz 4, K , ; all, everything, everybody; (Dz) ; he took everything to his house; 2 part K ; plural marker; (K); ; people come to see; 3 adv K ; still; (K) ; Salaganixa's husband is still alive; ( ) , , , , , , , , , , , : 1) ,

2 : maja07 (Spr, Tz, Ya, Ch, Shd, Al, Vr, Kk) pron 1 Sp 1, Ya 2, Ch 9, Shd 1, Vr 7, Kk 1 1 7; I (Shd) ; I will come. 2) , : ru07bli Vr, K, lu07b6ｦ0li K (Vr, K) n Vr 3, K ; rouble. 3) , : ｦ0dina07k6ｦ0 (Dz, K) postp 1 Dz 2, K , ; like (Dz) [ ] [ ]; it [shirt] is like grass [green] (1 7) ; it was there like here before; 2 K ; alike 4) ; , , , ; ; , : k6ｦ0lasiｨ w6ｦ0 (Ya, K) atr Ya 1, K ; beautiful. 5) , , : xadiｨ, xa^iｨ Ya, xodiｨ Shd, xatiｨ Al (Dz, Tz, Ya, Shd, Al, K) v Abs Dz 10, Tz 2, Ya 4, Shd 1, K 6, Al , , ; go, come xadiｨ la (Dz, Tz, K) v Perf Dz 2, Tz 1, K ; come, go xo07dim (Tz, Dz) v 1 Praes, 1 Pl Tz ; go; 2 Imper Dz , ; come, move (Dz) ; let her move to their house xo07dit (Dz Tz) v Praes Dz 1, Tz ; go, come (Tz) ; I can hardly walk. 6) , , , : adaliｨ (Ch) part Ch ( ),; as, like (in comparison) (Ch) ; like strangers ( ) (of probable Mongolian origin). 7) , nichimo07za, nichimo07u^a Vr (Ya, Vr) adv Ya 1, Vr , OK, nothing bad ( " " + mou+tzy); (contamination of Russ. 'nichego' "nothing, nothing bad" + Chin. mou + tzy)

3 , , , ( , ) , , , ( ) , , , , : Al ｨC Ar ｨC K ｨC , , ; Kk ｨC , , ; Tz ｨC , , ; Dz ｨC , , ; Sp ｨC Shd ｨC Ch ｨC Ya ｨC Vr ｨC , ( , ) , : adv ｨC atr ｨC conj ｨC interj ｨC mod ｨC n ｨC partｨc postp ｨC prep ｨC pron ｨC v ｨC

4 , , , : Abs ｨC , , , , , ; Perf ｨC , ｨC1 71 7, ( ) ; Praes ｨC , ( , ｨC ), , , chiwo07-chiwo07 (Dz, K, Sp) pron 1. Dz , ; 2. Sp 2, K , , ( ) , Dz, , ｨC Sp K , , , , , , , , , Shd, Al , , , , , , : ( ); ; ; : , , ( , ) ,

5 , ni^ ｯa07 (Vr, K) mod Vr 1, K ; one should not , , (K) [ ] , [ ] , ; one can not make a [grave] mound, they plant different [plants], so they make it flat , , , ( ) , : a (Dz, Tz, K) conj Dz 2, Tz 7, K and, but aga07 (K) interj K , it is so, yes adaliｨ (Ch) part Ch ( ) as, like (in comparison) (Ch) like strangers (Ch) to look at you is as if eat a candy ( ) (probably of Mongolian origin) aja07 (Dz) atr Dz well ( " ") (Udihe aja "well") ba (Sp) part Sp ( ) (Imperfect marker) (Sp) take! ba07ba (Dz) n Dz grandmother ba07busik6ｦ0 (K) n K , grandmother, old woman bajcaa07j (Ya) n Ya ( ) cabbage (Chinese) ( pai-tsai) (Chinese pai-tsai) ba07lysin ｯa (Vr) n Vr ( ) miss (adress to a girl) , (Vr) , do not scold (me), miss be07d6ｦ0n6ｦ0 (Dz) atr Dz poor be07ry (Dz) atr Dz white bichi (Ch) v Abs Ch (?) describe (?) (Ch) here your ways are described b6ｦ0liｨ sk6ｦ0 (K) atr K near bo07ga (Ch) n Ch , god baiｨ s ｯa (Dz) v Praes 1 Dz be afraid 2 Dz it is terrifying , , (Dz) , I was afraid, it is really terrifying to stay alone in the night bale07j (Tz) vabstz feel bad, be unhealthy baliｨ (Tz, K) vabstz 2, K ( ) ache (also of a part of body) , (Tz) , [my] head aches, [my] bones ache baliniｨ s6ｦ0 (K) n K hospital be ill , , (K) , , today one is alive and healthy, not so tomorrow bo07l ｯen6ｦ0 (Dz) atr Dz ill bo07s ｯe (Tz) adv Tz , more (Tz) there are no more old people b6ｦ0 ｯsho07j (Dz) atr 1 Dz big, large 2 Dz particularly well (Dz) [ ] she can not [sew] well botiｨ n6ｦ0ka (Vr) n Vr shoe bra07la (Dz) v Perf Dz take b6ｦ0ra07t6ｦ0 (K) n K brother , (K) , my nephew told what happened with the forest bu (Sh) part Sh ( ) not (negation with adjectives) (Sh) not good ( bu ' ') (Chinese bu 'noun negation marker') 5

6 bu07du (Ch, Shd, Mk, Ar) mod Ch 7, Chd 1, Mk 1, Ar future marker (Ch) they will hinder trading bu07k6ｦ0 (K) n K letter , (K) , their letters are like Chinese ones, but they are pronounced differently bul6ｦ0do07^il6ｦ0 (K) n K bulldozer guma07g6ｦ0 (K) n K , paper, document of any kind buty07ka (Sp, K) n Sp 2, K bottle budiｨ li (K) n K big bottle by (Tz) part Tz ( ) would (subjunctive mood marker) (Tz) you should have asked us earlier byl (Dz) v Perf. Sg Dz was by07la (Dz, Tz, Al, K, Kk) 1 v Perf, Sg Dz 8, Tz 2, K 1, Kk was (Dz) the Udihe was good 2 part Al 2, K ( ?) perfective (plusquamperfective?) marker (1 71 7) I had come b ｯot6ｦ0 (Dz) v Praes, Sg Dz beat, hit wala07j (Vr) (Vr) v Abs Vr ( ) part of idiomatic expression ( ) to play a fool wa07ni (Dz) n Dz ( ) Vanya (personal name) wariｨ (Dz) v Abs Dz , cook wa07sa, wa07sh6ｦ0 (Ch) (Dz, Ya, Ch) pron 1 Dz 1, Ch you (Pl) 2 Ya ( ) you (polite address to one person) (Ya) , [ ] do not mock, do not pick [on me] 3 Ch ( ) your (Pl) (posessive pronoun) (Ch) how good are your laws ber ｯ6ｦ0xu07 (Dz) adv Dz ( ) upstream wis6ｦ0no07j (Ar) adv Ar in spring be07cher6ｦ0m (Dz) adv Dz in the evening we07shi (Ya) n Ya ( , ) stuff (cloths, utensils etc) biｨ dil (K) v Perf, Sing K see biｨ dili (Dz) v Perf, Pl Dz see biｨ di (Dz) vabsdz see biｨ dit (K) v Praes K see bisiｨ (K) v Abs K hang Biｨ di (K) n K ( ) Vitya (personal name) unu07ch6ｦ0ka (Dz) n Dz granddaughter wo07 (Vr) pron Vr ( ) I (all cases) ( ) I can help ( wo '1 7') (Chinese wo 'I') wada07 (Sp, K) n Sp 2, K water wo07tka (Vr, K) n Vr 1, K vodka wo07dy (Ya, Vr) pron Ya 1, Vr I (Ya) I will give you medicine (Vr) I can not speak Russian ( wo-dy ' ') (Chinese wo-dy 'my') wajna07 (Tz) n Tz war wo07lia (Ch) n Ch , will , , (Ch) , , well, it is your will, you will regret later waro07na (Ar) n Ar crow Wos6ｦ0to07k6ｦ0 (Dz) n Dz ( ) Vostok (placename) wo07t6ｦ0, wot (K) interj K so, well wo07t6ｦ0 iwo07 (K) interj K so ure07m ｯa (Dz, Tz) n 1 Dz time (Dz) [ ] [Chinese] were driven away in this time [of the year] 2 adv Tz in that time (Tz) it was war at that time se (Tz) pron Tz all, everybody sig6ｦ0da07 (Dz, Ar) adv Dz everything , (Dz) , she can do everything, she sews all s ｯo, is ｯo07 (Tz) (Dz, Tz, K, Ar) 1 pron Dz 6, Tz 4, K , all, everything, everybody (Dz) he took everything to his house 2 part K 8, Ar plural marker (K) ptoplt come to see 6

7 133 adv K still (K) Salaganixa's husband is still alive that is all s ｯore07m ｯ, us ｯol ｯe07m ｯa (K) (Dz, K) adv 1 Dz 2, K , regularly, all the time , (K) [1 71 7] , when [we] were ill, [we] healed ourselves with that 2 K (K) you will never be ill 3 K for ever s ｯorano07 (Dz) adv Dz also by07goni (Dz) vabsdz drive away bygon ｯa07la (Dz) v Perf Dz drive away uiｨ 07pil (K) v Perf, Sg K drink gaol ｯa07n (Vr) n Vr ( ) gaolean (Russian ethn.) ide07 (K) pron K , where , (K) , threre, where I have been some time ago g6ｦ0laza07 (Dz) n Dz eyes gawariｨ, gawaliｨ (K), kawaliｨ (Ya) (Dz, Sp, Ya, Vr, K) vabs1 Sp 4,Ya 1, Vr 1, K , say, tell 2 Dz 1, ( ) says (quotation marker) , , (Dz) , , he says to have no free time, there is too much work at home , (Sp) , , you shouldn't, she says, put eggs into a bottle gavaliｨ la (Vr, K) v Perf Vr 1, K say, tell , , (K) , [ ] I tild Vitya that [we] had to buy this type [of guinseng] for six hundred roubles gavariｨ t6ｦ0 (Dz) v Praes Dz say gawar ｯu07, gaor,u07, gr ｯu (Dz, K) 1 v Pres, Sg Dz 2, K say 2 part K ( ) I say (marker of retold speech) g6ｦ0v6ｦ0r ｯa07 (K) mod K , they say probable (K) , Mongolians are said to live here before go07da (Tz, K) n Tz 1, K ( " ") year (in combination 'tri goda' "three years") gadiｨ sa (K) v Abs K , be of any good, be worth galawa07 (Tz, K) n Tz 1, K head ganiｨ (Dz) vabsdz drive away gan ｯa07j (Dz) vabs Dz drive away gan ｯa07l (Dz) v Perf Dz drive away gan ｯa07li (Dz) v Perf, Pl Dz drive away go07rod (Dz) n Dz town, city gospodiｨ n6ｦ0 (Ch) n Ch ( ) mister (polite address) , ? (Ch) , ? you have come with a visit, mister Dalai? g6ｦ0ra07ma (K) n K gram gal ｯa07^yna (Sp) atr Sp dirty gula07j (Vr) vabsvr , to travel, to walk gula07j-gula07j (Ya) v Abs Ya , have a good time da (K) part K yes dawa07j (Ya, K) vabsya 3, K give (Ya) I will give you medicine dawa07li (Dz) v Perf, Pl Dz give away (Dz) me, I was given to a Chinese dawno07 (Dz, K) adv Dz 3, K for a long time, long ago dal ｯo07k6ｦ0, tal ｯo07k6ｦ0 (Dz, Tz, K) atr Dz 2, Tz 1, K far away da07li (Tz) v Perf, Pl Tz ( ) sell (to an official organization) daju07t6ｦ0 (Dz, K) v Praes, Pl Dz 1, K give , (Dz) , I had two sons, they did not give them to me dwa (Dz, Ar) num Dz 5, Ar two d6ｦ0wa07tsati (Vr) num Vr twenty de07wus6ｦ0k6ｦ0 (K) n K girl de07d6ｦ0 (Dz) n Dz , husband, old man de07l6ｦ0j (Dz, Vr, K) vabsdz 4, Vr 3, K 4 7

8 do (Dz) nothing to be done (K) they made it flat with bulldozer (Vr) to feed de07lala (K) v Perf K do de07lo (Ch) n Ch matter , (Ch) , Nikita is one matter, you are another matter de07na (Ch) n Ch day de07n6ｦ0gi, ^ ｯa07 ﾂg6ｦ0 (K), ^ ｯa07nia (K) (Vr, K) n Vr 1, K money , (K) , , [ ] this was money, they burnt it, but we did not know that [of a tradition to burn paper money during the funerals] d^e07s ｯa (K) num K ten dile07k6ｦ0tal6ｦ0 (K) n K director do07^ika (Ya) n Ya rain dolo07j (K) vabsk ( " ") off (in the expression "off with his head") do07m6ｦ0, to07ma (Dz, Tz, Ya, K) n Dz 8, Tz 1, Ya 1, K home, house do07m6ｦ0 (Dz) adv Dz at home (Dz) he is at home dorogo (Vr) atr Vr expensive das6ｦ0ta07nish (Tz) v Praes, 2 Sg Tz ( " ") get (in combination 'nichego ne dostanesh' "it is impossible to get anything") do07ch6ｦ0 (Dz) n Dz daughter d6ｦ0rawa07, d6ｦ0lawa07 (Dz, Vr) n Dz 1, Vr wood, fuel (Vr) [1 7] [I] earn, [my] living by chopping wood d6ｦ0rugo07j (Sp) pron Sp another, other d6ｦ0ria07ni (Ch) atr Ch , bad, worthless du07maj (Ya, Vr, Ar) vabsya 1, Vr think ? (Vr) ? how long are you going to think? Du ﾂka07j (Dz) n Dz ( ) Dunkai (a Nanai clan) dula07ka (Vr) n Vr fool (Vr) to do nothing, to play a fool , (Vr) , we have to tell you not to play a fool ibi6ｦ0ma07t ｯ (K) interj K injure term iwo07 (Dz, Sp, Ya, Ch, K, Ar) pron pers Dz 58, Sp 1 1 Ya 8, K 5, Ar , , ( ) he, she, it (Nominative case) (Dz) [ ] she sewed it ? (Ya) ? what has he bought? 2 Ya 1, K , ( ) him (Oblique cases) (Ya) , he thinks that I will give him money 3 Ch 1, K they (Ch) they will impede to trade 4 pron poss K , his, her, its 5 part K possessive marker (K) grzndmother's grave was made flat 6 mod Dz 1, K ( ) marker of 3 person marker (postpositive) (K) it was long ago 7 K that is demonstrative copula je07li-je07li (Tz) adv Tz , hardly (Tz) I can hardly walk erla07n (Ya) n Ya ( ) drink ( er-liang) (Chinese er-liang) je07sa, jest ｯ (Ch, Shd) mod Ch 9, Shd , perfective marker je07si (K, Vr, Ar) 1 v Praes K 8, Ar be 2 K , , (?) perfect, resultive, habitual marker (?) (Vr) I do read a little is ｯo07 (Dz, Spr, Tz, K, Ar) adv 1 Dz 2, Tz 1, K , besides (Dz) besides he cooks 2 K still (K) Slaganiha's husband is still alive 3 Sp , again, once more (Spr) you should not go shopping again 8

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