観光情報論 第二講 5月7日 (発地情報) オンライン・トラベル・ポータル

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1 第三講 4 月 28 日観光情報論 Tourism Linkage ( 関係性 連携 ) & オンライン トラベル ポータル ( 発地情報 ) 参考文献 塹江隆著 観光と観光産業の現状 ( 改訂版 ) 文化書房博文社 2006 Kaoruko Miyakuni & Gail Vander Stoep, Linking Linkage from Diverse Fields to build a community based tourism framework, Tourism Geographies, Vol.8, No.3. Civic Pride 宣伝会議 Business Books ( 教科書 )

2 Importance and Implementation of Tourism Linkages in Community based Tourism Planning: Case Study in Shuri, Japan Kaoruko Miyakuni, Doctoral Student Dr. Gail Vander Stoep, Associate Professor Department of Community, Agriculture, Recreation and Resource Studies Michigan State University

3 People go to places where there are clusters of attraction. *Commercial tourism development Disney Land Las Vegas *Michigan residents were asked How a museum attraction influenced the choice of destination? 44% variety of experiences which include a museum visit 5% they chose a destination specifically to visit a single museum attraction

4 1. Physical Linkage Tourism Linkage Boardworks, tour routes, greenways 2. Informational Linkage On site Information Kiosks, Interpretation Center, Maps, Brochures, Guidebooks, Web sites Pre trip Maps, Brochures, Guidebooks, Web sites 3. Visual Linkage reflect the main message or the nature of the tourism experiences. (graphic design, color, fonts & logos)

5 Tourism Linkage 4. Transportation Linkage Carriage rides, electric people movers 5. Promotional/Economic Linkage Travel package, partner sites brochure, discounted entrance fee coupons, map identifying other locations. 6. Interpretative Linkage Guided tour, self guided tour brochures, audio devices, Interpreters

6 Cornerstone of the Pacific The Map Surrounds the Islands of Ryukyu Map of Okinawa 沖縄

7 Island of Natural & Cultural Wonder Population: 1.35 million Tourists: Number one tourist destination 5 million (223,000 from Korea & Taiwan) Natural: Subtropical flora and fauna, 800 Coral species (Great Barrier Leaf), Underwater Ruins. Cultural: Maritime Festivals, World Heritage sites, incl. Shuri Castle, & Gusuku (castle walls), War Memorials. Others: Healthy lifestyle, Longevity (F 85 M77) 1995

8 Island of Rich Multi Cultural History 1500 Independent kingdom Ryukyu Kingdom Cornerstone of Asia Trade relationships with China, Korea, Thailand & Japan 1800 Annexed to Japan (Part of 47 prefectures ) 1945 World War II fierce battlefield US occupation 1975 Reversion to Japan.

9 Neighborhood of Shuri Area: 6.31 sq. km Population: 90,000 Environment: lots of trees Characteristics of the Residents: highly educated proud of local heritage inflexible (conformist) neutral perception of tourists

10 Shuri Castle 琉球的首里城

11 Travel Corridor in Shuri 首里的歴史散歩道

12 Sueyoshi Park Shuri Castle Hantagawa Park

13 Physical Linkage Existing: Safety, direction Linking various historical monuments Stone Mat (Highlight) Planting trees along the corridor (OPG Tourism Plan 2002) Recommendation: Community Involvement in identifying discontinued walkways, unclear buffers & tourist service facilities (ex.trash can, bathrooms)

14 Informational Linkage: Integrated information source that informs other tourism linkages Existing Linkages Pre trip information system Mahae Plus (Tourist Info Web site) Wonder Okinawa (Digital Archive) On site information system Information Kiosks in the Shuri Castle Recommendation On site information system Provision of Information Kiosks Identification of the best locations for information kiosks, and tourism service facilities (directional signs, signs for historical monuments, bath rooms, trash cans) in the monorail station, in grocery stores On going addition & correction to the information archive

15 Visual Linkage (Color scheme, texture, logo, etc) Sense of place aesthetic, Existing Linkages Cobblestone walkways. Patterned walkway surface with red tile, the feature of authentic Okinawan architecture. Stone divider made of Ryukyuan stone, Clear buffer between walkways and roads. Incentive for red roof house Recommendation Consistent Kiosk/design (more stone buffers, more patterned surface) visual access safety,

16 Existing: Transportation Linkage The corridor in Shuri is dedicated to Pedestrians Recommendation: Vehicle for elderly and the disabled?

17 Interpretive Linkage Existing: Memory of thriving kingdom: King s visits to Sacred places, Recommendations: Discovery of interesting local stories (Recording of oral histories) Provision of interpreter service Education of interpreters and inspection of economy in the island

18 Existing: Promotional& Economic Linkage: Mahae Plus s (web page) map of the tourism corridor Recommendation:Multi site tickets including Shri Castle, Ryusen (cloth museum & craft shop), Prefectural Museum, & meal at a hotel, etc, Map of the corridor

19 Conclusion For the case study of Shuri, Physical linkage is not completed thoroughly. On site information travel linkage is not present. Visual promotional/economic and interpretive linkage must be improved. Analyzing a tourism project in terms of travel linkages enable tourism planners a comprehensive assessment of existing tourism development and framework for new tourism development. Six spheres of tourism linkages presented here are not exclusive. There may be more linkage that has to be considered. In all the spheres of tourism linkages, community involvement is necessary for sustainable tourism

20 The Naha Tug of War * The biggest Rope of the World * 40 tons

21 Vibrant Local Community

22 Sueyoshi Park Ryutan Pond Shuri Castle Hantagawa Park

23 Longevity

24

25 Land of Military Occupation

26

27

28 オンライン トラベルポータルの背景 (1) 航空会社の予約端末機 CRS/GDS 航空券の販売方法は時代と共に大きく変貌している 1960 年代自社の支店で販売 1970 年代旅行業者に委託 ( 代理店制 ) ( 航空機材の大型化による ) 1978 年以降米国の航空自由化政策 航空業界の競争激化予約専用端末機 (CRS: Computer Reservation Systems) セイバー AA: American Airlines アポロ UA: United Airlines ガリレオ ( 欧州系航空会社 )

29 オンライン トラベルポータルの背景 (2) 共同出資によるネットサービス企業群 ネットを旅行商品販売の新しい流通チャンネルと位置づけ 異業種企業と共同出資によるネットサービス会社の出現 1スカイゲート JTBとヤフーの合弁 (HIS Sony Communications Network)<HIS2002 年撤退 > 3 ファミマ ドット コム (JTB 伊藤忠 NTT データ トヨタ ファミリーマート ぴあ 大日本印刷 )

30 オンライン トラベルポータルの背景 (3) 旅行商品販売サイト群 ネットを旅行商品販売の新しい流通チャンネルと位置付 各旅行社のサイト 4JTB Info Crew 5Tourist Village 近畿日本ツーリスト 6 日本旅行 (NTA) 7e トラベル 8ANA SKY Web 9H.I.S 異業種からの参入 9 イサイズじゃらん 10 楽天トラベル ( 旅の窓口 と合併 )

31 オンライン トラベルポータルの背景 (4) 米国のトラベルサイト群 11www.travelocity.com 12www.expedia.com 13www.hotels.com 14www.ual.com

32 演習編 理想のバケーション を題材にホームページを作ろう! Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) World Wide Web (WWW) vacation.html vacation.htm renshu.txt spring.gif Kakeibo.xsl 文書.doc Shashin.jpg ホームページの拡張子 拡張子 ( かくちょうし ) File extension 32

33 演習編 理想のバケーション を題材にホームページを作ろう! <html> 開始タグ 終了タグ ホームページ全体を囲むタグ </html> 33

34 演習編 理想のバケーション を題材にホームページを作ろう! <html> <head> ホームページのタイトルや文字コードなど ページ全体に関する情報を入力する場所 </head> </html> 34

35 <html> <head> </head> 演習編 理想のバケーション を題材にホームページを作ろう! <body> ブラウザーに表示される内容 </body> </html> </html> 35

36 演習編 理想のバケーション を題材にホームページを作ろう! <html> <head> <meta http equiv= Content Type content= text/html;cha363636rset=shift=jis > </head> <body> meta タグは ホームページに関する様々な情報を記述する </body> </html> 36

37 演習編 理想のバケーション を題材にホームページを作ろう! <html> <head> <meta http equiv= Content Type content= text/html;cha373737rset=shift=jis > <title> 宮国英勇 - 理想のバケーション 2009</title> </head> <body> ブラウザーに表示される内容 </body> タイトルタグの役割 検索サイトの検索結果に使われる お気に入りに登録した時の見出しになる </html> 37

38 演習編 理想のバケーション を題材にホームページを作ろう! <html> <head> <meta http equiv= Content Type content= text/html;cha383838rset=shift=jis > <title> 宮国英勇 - 理想のバケーション 2009</title> </head> <body> ブラウザーに表示される内容 <br> </body> 38 </html>

39 演習編 理想のバケーション を題材にホームページを作ろう! 保存する時の注意 USB フラッシュメモリーか my documents に保存 あるいは 自分で自分に E メールをおくる 教科書 できるホームページ HTML 入門の p30 から p37 を参照 File name は vacation.html ( 小文字 ) 新しい Folder を作ってその中に保存する Folder Name は homepage ( 小文字 ) マイコンピュータまたはエクスプローラを使って vacation.html を開く 39

40 演習編 理想のバケーション を題材に ホームページを作ろう! <html> <meta http equiv= Content Type content= text/html;cha404040rset=shift=jis > <title> 宮国英勇のサマーバケーション 2009 <head> <body> <h1> 理想のバケーション </h1> <h2> 1 利用した旅行予約サイト </h2> <h2> 2サイトを選んだ理由 <h2> 3 旅行パッケージの内容 <h2> 4 感想 </h2> </body> </head> </title> 先週の課題の内容を Type あるいはコピーする 行間を空けるときは 文章のあとに <BR> を入れる 40

41 次週までの課題 1 教科書シビックプライドの アムステルダム のケースと配布資料 (Tourism Linkage) を読んでくること (5 月 12 日の確認小テスト )

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