SFC ディスカッションペーパー SFC-DP 2009-005 ARM 社の競争力分析 佐藤淳史 慶應義塾大学大学院政策 メディア研究科修士課程修了 sato726@gmail.com 2009 年 7 月
1 1 2005 2 2 32 RISC 3 SuperHSH ARM ARM 2 ARM RISC 75% 4 5 ARM ARM SH IP 6 IP 7 3 SH ARM SH ARM 8 ARM 4 2006
Simon, 1996 systems 2 4 2001 1990 Baldwin, 2000; Carliss and 2001 MPU Moschella 1997 2005 Christensen 1997 2 ARM SH ARM Michael A. Cusumano Platform Leadership Gawer and Cusumano, 2002 ARM 4 Four Scope Leversof the firm Product Relationship technology with external complementors Internal organization 4
5 5.1 ARM 9 1 1. 2. 3. 4. 1 4 Four Processes of Technical Application ARM 3 10 ARM 5.2 2 PC
PC PC MPU OS HDD ARM 2 PC 2 CPU OS CPU CPU PC CPU CPU MPU 5.3 ARM 11 Annual Report 6 6.1 ARM ARM IP 2007 259.2 230 596
IP ARM IP 2006 6.2 RISC 4 12 MIPS 13 ARMSH ARM Wikipedia 14 1 4 RISC MIPS SPARC SH PDA ARM ARM PDA ARM SHMIPSSPARC
3 ARM MIPS MIPS 6.3 ARM 4 MIPSSPARCSHARM 4 RISC 15
1 1995 SH7702 1996 SH7042 2000 SH7615 2001 SH7750R 2001 SH7751R 2000 SH7729R 2001 SH7750R 2001 SH7751R 1998 ARM9TDMI 2 2007 7 4 7 23 3 2007 7 17 8 10 4 2008 4 24 16:3018:30 4 24 5 1 4 RISC Y 4 15 MIPS SPARC ARM SH RISC MIPS SPARC ARM SH disruptive technologychristensen1997 ARM SH ARM MIPSSPARC 2 RISC ARM Acorn
MIPSSPARCPowerPC CPU Acorn 1987 RISC MIPS Acorn CPU CPU CPU CPU ARM Acorn RISC Sun MIPS ARM Acorn 1990 IP 1991 4 ARM6 ARM60 12MHz 16 MIPS 100MHz 1/8 ARM MIPS SPARC RISC ARM 1992 RISC 32 ARM60 20MHz SH QV-10 1996 SH 32 /64 MIPS 2 Gartner Group, Inc. Dataquest ASICApplication Specific IC IC SH ARM 1990 6.4 4 SH ARM ARM 2003 ARM Cortex SH
17 1. SH 2. ARM 5 SH 6 ARM
SH ARM PDA ARM PC PC DS ARM 6.5 ARM 4 ARM SH ARM MIPS SPARC ARM 18 W MHz W 4 1920 ( (MHz)/ (W)) 1 ARM Cortex 2002 2 1992 SH7034 1994 SH7604 1994 HD6417095 1995 SH7702 1996 SH7042 2000 SH7615 2001 SH7750R 2001 SH7751R 1995 SH7702 1995 Sh7708 1996 SH7042 1997 SH7410 1997 SH7612 1997 SH7708R 1997 SH7709 1998 SH7709R 1998 SH7750 1999 SH7751 2000 SH7615 2000 SH7622 2000
SH7729R 2001 SH7750R 2001 SH7751R 2004 SH7206 2004 SH7780 1998 ARM9TDMI 3 2007 7 4 7 23 4 2007 7 17 8 10 5 2008 4 24 16:3018:30 4 24 5 1 7 RISC Y 7 21 7 ARM 1993 ARM TI TI DSP OMAP SH MIPSSPARC ARM SH MIPSSPARC ARM 4 ARM SH 7 ARM ARM SH 22 6.6 CPI 1 ARM Cortex 2002 2 CPI ARM MIPS ARM 1987 ARM21989 ARM2a1991 ARM601994 ARM7001996 ARM7500(FE)
SH 1996 SH70421998 SH77501999 SH77512001 SH7750R/SH7751R2002 SH7294 1995 SH7702 1996 SH7042 1998 SH7750 MIPS 2000 SH7615 2001 SH7750R 2001 SH7751R 1999 SH7751 MIPS 2000 SH7729R 2001 SH7750R MIPS 2001 SH7751R MIPS 2002 SH7294 MIPS 1998 ARM9TDMI 3 2007 7 4 7 23 4 2007 7 17 8 10 5 2008 4 24 16:3018:30 4 24 5 1 8 ARMSHCPI 8 CPI Clock cycles Per Instruction Clock Per Instruction SHARM CPI 1 1 23 8 1995 SH ARM ARM 1 SH ARM SH ARM ARM SH ARM 6.7 ARM ARM SH ARM ARM SH 2 ARM SH ARM ARM 24 ARM 1987 2006 ARM TI 1993 DSP OMAP TI 25 2005 ARM TI
ARM ARM 1993 Texas InstrumentsTI ARM ARM ARM 2005 TI IP 6.8 ARM NEC TI ARM ARM 26 1 2006 2 9 ARM
ARM ARM TI LG 1990 NEC 1995 1990 1992 PDA DSP TI ARM 27 6.9 ARM ASSP ARM IP ASIC ASSPApplication Specific Standard Product ARM 2 ARM ARM 1 ASSP IP ARM ARM 7 7.1 SH ARM Disruptive technology Disruptive Innovation ARM Disruptive Innovation Cristensen, 1997
TI ARM 7.2 ARM 10 10 2 ARM 7.3 ARM ARM
Abernathy, William J., The Productivity Dilemma: Roadblock to Innovation in the Automobile Industry, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978. Adam M. Brandenburger and Barry J. Nalebuff, Co-opetition, Doubleday, 1996. Annabelle Gawer and Michael A. Cusumano, Platform Leadership, Harvard Business School Press, 2002. Ansoff, H. I., Corporate Strategy, McGraw-Hill, 1965. Baldwin, Carliss Y., and Kim B. Clark, Design Rules: The Power of Modularity, The MIT Press, 2000. Chesbrough, Henry, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from Technology, Harvard Business School Press, 2003. Cristensen, Claytom M., The Innovator s Dilemma, Harvard Business School Press, 1997. Cristensen, Claytom M., and Michael E. Raynor, The Innovator s Solution, Harvard Business School Press, 2003. Giovanni Dosi, Innovation, Organization and Economic Dynamics, Edward Elgar, 2000. Herbert A. Simon, The Sciences of the Artificial 3rd Edition, The MIT Press, 1996. Michel E. Porter, Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors, The Free Press, 1980. Moschella, David C., Waves of Power, AMACOM, 1997. Schumpeter, Joseph A., The Theory of Economic Development, Harvard University Press, 1951. 2002 ARM 20 From Acorns to Mighty Oaks2005 B.J.A.M. 2001 HPC 2 Vol.35 2001 No.2 1995 1999 KEIO SFC JOURNALVol.6 No.1 2007 IP ARM 5 5 Global Business Research Center 2006 NTT 2007NTT 2007 1989 1992 2002 2005 NTT 2006 2008 2008 2000 Vol.12No.2
2007 2006 PC IBM 2007 1 Innovation Schumpeter, 1951 2 3 CISC 4 2005 ARM Product http://www.arm.com/miscpdfs/3823.pdf Backgrounder 2001 76.8% 2005 5 de facto standard 6 Intellectual Property ARM 7 2006 6.7% 2008 4.8%NTT2007 8 9 2006 1,100 13 2006 4 21 10 Co-opetition Brandenburger and Nalebuff, 1996 11 ARM Limited 1990 11 1,728 2007 259.2 2007 1994 9 12 1 1 13 Millions of Instructions Per Second 1 14 2008 15 16 10 6 17 MIPS 20 2.3.5. MIPS 18 PHS 64.1% 2 31.7% 2 NTT 20072006 19 ARM IP ARM ARM 20 SH ARM 21 22 SH 23 1CPI 1 Super Scalar VLIWVery Long Instruction Word Single SIMD Instruction Multi Data VLIW CISC SIMD 1 24 25 20083.3.2.1. CDMA ASSP 26 ARM 24 ARM ARM 27 TI ARM 2008 4 24 16:3018:30