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11 Fuel Cell Seminar 2006 1976 Fuel Cell Seminar 2002 2000 2006 Fuel Cell Seminar 11 13 11 17 5 11-1 Fuel Cells in Paradise - 30th Anniversary 1700 11 15 11 17 11-1 Fuel Cell Seminar 2006 Hawaii Convention Center Fuel Cells in Paradise - 30th Anniversary 2006 11 13 11 17 1696 2332 274 ( 247 ) 40 38 7 85 122 177 550 11-1 Fuel Cell Seminar 2006 Fuel Cell Seminar 2006 < http://www.jeffreyasher.com/fuelcell/index.html > - 132 -

Fuel Cell Seminar 2006 11-2 14 ( ) 15 ( ) 16 ( ) 17 ( ) 11-2 Fuel Cell Seminar 2006 Fuel Cell Seminar John O Sullivan 1A 2A I 3A I 1B I 2B II 3B II 1C II 2C III 3C I 1D 2D IV 3D II 1E 2E 3E I 1F 2F 3F II Fuel Cell Seminar 2006 122 11-3 132-133 -

ACTA SpA AeroVironment Air Products and Chemicals Alicat Scientific American Reliance Angstrom Power Antig Technology. Arbin Instruments Arcotronics Fuel Cells SRL Ballard Power Systems BTU International Cabot Corporation Caran Precision Casio Computer Ceramic Industry Cerium Laboratories CD-adapco Chroma Systems Solutions CM Furnaces Columbian Chemicals Company CSA International Dana Corporation Delphi Headquarters Dexmet Corporation Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Corporation DoD Fuel Cell Test and Evaluation Center DPoint Technologies DuPont ECS The Electrochemical Society Emerson Process Management, Brooks Instrument EMTEC Engineered Materials Solutions Entegris ESL Electro-Science EWI FC Expo FCO Corporation Franklin Fuel Cells Freudenberg & Nok Group Fuel Cell Energy Fuel Cell Markets Fuel Cell Store Fuel Cell Technologies Fuel Cell Today FuelCon Systems FuMA Tech GmbH Gashub Technology, Pte GenCell Corporation 11-3 Fuel Cell Seminar 2006 Gore Haiku Tech Hawaii, The State of Haynes International Heliocentris Energy Systems Heraeus Hoku Scientific Hydrogen Executive Leadership Panel Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Canada Hydrogenics Corporation Hydrogenics Test Systems INI Power Systems International Fuel Cell Competition INEOS Technologies Ion Power ISTC International Science and Technology Center Kikusui America Lynntech Massachusetts Hydrogen Coalition Methanol Institute / Methanol Foundation Micromeritics Instrument Corporation Microtherm Millennium Cell Mesoscopic Devices MTI MicroFuel Cells Multi-Contact USA Nabertherm NanoDynamics National Research Council Canada, Institute for Fuel Cell Innovation Nex Tech Materials, NH Development LLC. North of England Inward Investment Agency NPL Associates Ohio Fuel Cell Coalition Palmetto Fuel Cell Analysis & Design Palton Technology. Parker Hannifin Energy Systems PaxiTech PDC Machines PEMEAS Fuel Cell Technologies/E-TEK Division Perma Pure LLC Fuel Cell Seminar 2006 Phoenix Analysis & Design Technologies Plug Power Polyfuel Praxair Specialty Ceramics Precision Flow Technologies Princeton Applied Research and Solartron Analytical Quest Air Technologies ReliOn Ricardo Scribner Associates SEIKOH GIKEN USA Seimi Chemical SGL Carbon Group Siemens Power Generation South Carolina Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Alliance Southern Fuel Cell Coalition Staubli Corporation Stewart Warner South Wind Surface Measurement Systems Taiwan Institute of Economic Research Tanaka Precious Metals Group Teledyne Energy Systems Tescom Emerson Process Management TesSol Therm-Omega-Tech Inc Thomas Products Division ThyssenKrupp VDM USA Toagosei Tobias Renz FAIR-PR University of South Carolina U.S. DOE, National Energy Technology Laboratory U.S. DOE, Office of Clean Coal U.S. DOE, Hydrogen Program U.S. Fuel Cell Council UTC Power Vairex Corporation Varian Versa Power Systems Wasatch Molecular Incorporated Wright Fuel Cell Group Yamatake Sensing Control Zircar Ceramics Zircar Zirconia - 134 -

2010-2025 Scenario Analysis S. Gronich, Department of Energy The Hydrogen Economy Report 2004 DOE 2005 DOE 2006 1 26 Hydrogen Transtion Analysis Workshop 2006 8 9 10 2010-2025 Scenario Analysis for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles and Infrastructure 2007 1 2007 3 DOE 2010 2025 11-2 2015 FCV R&D FCV Learning Demonstration 2015 3 FCV 11-4 3 FCV 11-3 1 2 11-2 DOE 2010 2025-135 -

1 2 3 11-4 3 FCV 2012 FCV / 2018 FCV / 2025 FCV 200 2012 FCV / 2015 FCV / 2018 FCV / 2025 FCV 500 2012 FCV / 2021 FCV / 2025 FCV 1000 FCV FCV 3 FCV 2 2012 2015 FCV 1 11-3 FCV 1 2 3-136 -

DOE National Renewable Energy Laboratory NREL FCV 11-4 11-5 11-4 NREL Consumer Strategy Good Census Tract 3000 1 20 2 mile 2 mile 5 6 mile 40 40 11-5 - 137 -

Harmonization and Sharing of Data from International Fuel Cell Bus Demonstrations L. Eudy, National Renewable Energy Laboratory FCB 2003 4 11-6 3 Phase I Phase II FC 11-7 11-6 11-7 - 138 -

Gilling FC Ballard Power Systems 11-8 11-9 3.52 mile/ 3.98 mile/ 11-8 11-9 - 139 -

Hydrogen Learning Demonstration Project: Fuel Cell Efficiency and Initial Durability K. Wipke, National Renewable Energy Laboratory FCV FCV 11-5 63 FCV 9 FAT Fleet Analysis Toolkit 11-10 FC 53 58% DOE 60 10% 950 750 DOE 1,000 99.99% 11-5 11-10 FAT Fleet Analysis Toolkit - 140 -

Automotive Fuel cell Performance in the Real World: Early Field Testing Results from UTC Power's S700 Fuel Cell Power Plant B.Fleming, UTC Power UTC Fuel Cells S700 11-11 Tucson FCV 11-12 11-6 11-11 UTC Fuel Cells S700 2005 2005 2005 2006 30 45 1.5 1511 m 28 50 mph 10% 1600 3290 m 70 mph 15% -10 10 23 11-12 Tucson FCV 11-6 - 141 -

The Development of an Ultra-Low Cost Electrolyte Membrane for PEMFC M. Takami, Toyota Motor Corp 2 11-7 (i) (ii) (i) 1.2 meq/cm 3 IV Nafion 112 (ii) 0.46meq/cm 3 Nafion112 30% (ii) 1000m 2 / 10 /m 2 11-7 11-8 - 142 -

Automotive PEM Fuel Cells Durability via Advanced Catalysts R. Makharia, General Motors 0.2 g Pt/kW 0.4 mg/cm 2 0.1 mg/cm 2 1/4 40 mv mass activity 4 MEA 1000 5500 30000 / MEA 5 10% 11-13 11-14 - 143 -

PEM Fuel Cell Electrocatalyst Durability Measurements R. Borup, Los Alamos National Lab LANL 11-15 11-16 11-15 11-16 - 144 -

Pt-Co 11-17 3 11-18 - - - 11-17 Pt-Co 11-18 - 145 -

NanoStructured Thin Film Ternary Catalyst Activities for Oxygen Reduction M. Debe, 3M Company 3M DOE NanoStructured Thin Film Catalyst NSTFC NSTFC 11-19 100 3 50cm 2 11-20 - Pt-Co-Mn NSTF 2 2.5 Pt-Co/C - - PtM 1 Mn - PtM 1 Fe Pt/TM 11-19 11-20 3 NSTFC - 146 -

Pt/TM Pt-Co-Mn NSTFC IV 11-21 Pt/TM IV IV 11-22 11-21 Pt-Co-Mn NSTFC IV Pt/TM 0.1 mg-pt/cm 2 ) 11-22 IV - 147 -

Low Precious Metal Alloy Catalysts and Durable Carbon Supports P. Atanassova, Cabot Corporation Cabot 3 11-23 2 5 Hydrogenics 0.6 g-pt/kw 0.7 V 11-24 11-23 3 11-24 - 148 -

Cabot 11-25 11-26 11-25 11-26 - 149 -

Highly Durable MEA for PEMFC under High Temperature & Low Humidity Conditions E. Endoh, Asahi Glass Co. Ltd. H 2 O 2 120 11-27 OCV OH OH 11-28 11-27 H 2 O 2 11-28 MEA - 150 -

PEMFC 120 1200 1 11-29 120 50% RH 4,000 4000 MEA CO 2 11-30 11-29 AGC 11-30 4000 MEA - 151 -

Sartorius HT-PEMFC Membrane Electrode Assembly A. Reiche, Sartorius AG Sartorius 1870 PBI 11-31 2007 MEA Sartorius MEA 11-32 11-31 Sartorius 11-32 Sartorius MEA - 152 -

Sartorius MEA 11-33 PEMFC 2 kw 11-34 11-35 11-33 MEA 11-34 PEMFC 2 kw 60 11-35 PEMFC - 153 -

Platinum-Free Electrocatalysts for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells X. Ren, Acta Spa Acta 11-36 HYPERMEC FC DAFC 11-37 DEFC 100 mw/cm 2 11-36 11-37 FC DAFC - 154 -

Real SOFC A Joint European Effort to Improve SOFC Durability R. Steinberger-Wilckens, Forschungszentrum Jülich 58 Real SOFC 6 FP6 SOFC SOFC Sulzer 26 11-38 Real SOFC SOFC 10,000 1,000 0.5 11-39 11-38 Real SOFC 11-39 Real SOFC 58 4200-155 -

Results of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Development at Forschungszentrum Jülich R. Steinberger-Wilckens, Forschungszentrum Jülich Forschungszentrum Jülich SOFC APU SOFC 11-40 APU SOFC BMW 100 cm 2 0.6 W/cm 2 11-41 11-40 Forschungszentrum Jülich SOFC 11-41 APU SOFC - 156 -

kw 20 kw 11-42 11-43 11-42 20 kw SOFC 11-43 Forschungszentrum Jülich SOFC - 157 -

Status of The Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System Development at Wartsila Corporation E. Fontel, Wärtsilä Corporation Wärtsilä SOFC 11-44 2004 kw 20 50 kw 2007 2008 2010 50 250 kw 11-45 11-44 SOFC 11-45 SOFC - 158 -

20kW WFC20 -prototype 2007 1 46 LHV 80 LHV 11-46 SOFC 11-47 250kW 1500 2500 /kw 11-46 20kW WFC20 -prototype 11-47 SOFC - 159 -

Portable Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Systems for Military Applications A. Crumm, Adaptive Materials, Inc. Adaptive Materials 2001 1 kw SOFC 2006 10 SOFC 2,300 1,000 3.9 160 11-48 11-49 250 Wh/kg 4 660 Wh/kg 11.5 100 15 9.3 30 11-48 SOFC 11-49 SOFC - 160 -

20 50W 11-9 200W 50W e50 25 2006 4 2008 1 25W e25 2007 100 10 800 11-9 e50 50W e25 25W 50 W 100 W 2.25kg -20 50 5 95 3 ft 55 15 0.96kg 1.6L 20% 3 925 Wh/kg 10 1450 Wh/kg - 161 -

Application of Continuous Manufacturing Methods to Reduce Bipolar Plate Costs D. Connors, GenCell Corporation GenCell Corporation 1997 MCFC DMFC 18 cm 2 MCFC 4,300 cm 2 1 / MCFC 1 MW/ 11-50 40kW MCFC 11-51 4,000 MCFC 11-50 11-51 MCFC 40kW - 162 -

PEMFC 11-52 PEMFC 3,000 Alloy ASU 2500 11-53 11-52 PEMFC 11-53 3000-163 -

Liquid Tin Anode SOFC for Direct Fuel Conversion Including Carbon and JP-8 T. Tao, CellTech Power, LLC CellTech Power 1997 SOFC LTA-SOFC 11-54 JP-8 11-55 11-54 LTA-SOFC 11-55 LTA-SOFC - 164 -

1,000 11-10 JP-8 59 80 mw/cm 2 1,350 ppm JP-8 200 500 10kg 12 L 500W Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency DARPA JP-8 11-56 11-10 LTA-SOFC 11-56 LTA-SOFC JP-8 59 JP-8 JP Jet Propellant - 165 -

Integrated SOFC Systems based on Microtubularcells -Reaching the kw-stage H. Wancura, ALPPS Fuel Cell Systems GmbH ALPPS Fuel Cell Systems 2002 1 50 kw SOFC 3,000 1,000 17.5% 50 50 1,000 7.8% 11-57 300 mw/cm 2 800 mw/cm 2 11-58 11-57 SOFC 400 K/ 11-58 SOFC - 166 -

8,100 4kW 11-59 5 2010 R&D 11-60 11-59 8,100 4kW 11-60 - 167 -

Stationary Fuel Cell Power Plants Status D. Brdar, Fuel Cell Energy, Inc. FuelCell Energy DFC 45 11-61 45 47% 70 80% 240 kw 2400 kw 11-62 11-61 11-62 - 168 -

4300 4600 /kw 3 24,000 2007 DFC 3000 2006 3200 3500 /kw 11-63 DFC DFC/T 56 58% 11-64 11-63 DFC 11-64 DFC/T - 169 -

Market Introduction of Reformed Hydrogen Fuel Cells (RHFC) Based on High Temperature Celtec-P 1000 MEAs G. Calundan, PEMEAS GmbH PEMEAS PEMFC PBI Poly-benzimidazole PBI 11-65 PEMEAS MEA Celtec-P CO 11-66 11-65 PBI CO CO 11-66 Celtec-P CO - 170 -

Celtec-P1000 11-67 Celtec-P1000 160 180 CO 1 1 A/cm 2 100mV 260 /6500 0.3mV/ 11-68 CeltecP2000 IV 0.8A/cm 2 100mV 180 2%CO 180 0.2A/cm 2 12 12 2000 11-69 Plug Power 5kW ClearEdge Power 6kW ltracell 5 10W 11-67 Celtec-P1000 11-68 Celtec-P1000 11-69 Celtec-P2000-171 -

Clean Power for Your Home Technical Challenges and Solutions for a Market-Ready Product K. Foger, Ceramic Fuel Cells Ltd Ceramic Fuel Cells SOFC / CHP 5 11-70 11-71 / 1 0.5kW 45% SOFC CHP 11-70 CHP 11-71 / CHP - 172 -

CFCL 11-72 50% - - 50% 55% 800mV 80% CFCL 1 NetGen TM 4 1 11-72 - 173 -