Copyright 2009 by Japan Oil Chemists' Society Why Does the Cat Eat a Fish? : The Hypothesis is Based on Lipid Nutrition Hidehiko HIBINO Functional Foods Division, NOF CORPORATION, 18-14 Ebisu, 1-Chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 150-0013, JAPAN Abstract: Arachidonic acid, retinol and taurine are known to the cat : felis catus of the genuine flesh-eating animal as nutrient necessity. The required nature of the arachidonic acid depends on deficit of A6-desaturase. Therefore arachidonic acid cannot metabolize even if cat take in linoleic acid. Because the required nature of the retinol (vitamin A) deletes dioxygenase in the bowels, cat cannot resolve /3-carotene into retinol. Because cat do not have an enzyme composing taurine, it is necessary to take in the taurine which there is only to animal protein. It mean that EPA and DHA cannot metabolize even if the deficit of A6-desaturase takes in the linolenic acid of the n-3 fatty acid. It is necessary to take in the mammalian meat which contains them because it cannot metabolize even if the cat of the genuine flesh-eating animal takes in linoleic acid and the linolenic acid of the plant to get arachidonic acid, EPA and DHA. The fish contains arachidonic acid, retinol, and taurine other than EPA and DHA. The photoreceptor of the retina of the cat which a thing looks like in darkness, DHA, retinol and taurine are that is to say necessary for construction and the maintenance of the photoreceptor. The writer suggests a hypothesis that "the cat eats a fish when it cannot take in meat" from the above-mentioned reason. Key words: cat, felis catus, arachidonic acid, retinol, taurine, EPA, DHA, g-desaturase, nutrient necessity, fish, photoreceptor, E-mail : h-hibino@nichiyu-syoji.co.jp
Table 1 Stereospecific fatty acid distribution of mammalian depot fat. Arnis Kuksis: Fatty Acids and Glycerides, (ed) D.J.Hanahan: "Handbook of Lipid Research 1" P208,Plenum Press, New York and London
Fig. 2 Metabolic pathway unsaturation about linoleic acid and a-linolenic acid Fig. 3 Metabolic pathway to arachidonic acid and EPA/DHA from pro-acid. Because g-desaturase is suppressed with the cat, linoleic acid cannot metabolize to arachidonic acid, from a-linolenic acid to EPA and from EPA to DHA (R.A.Gibson, M. Makrides, Acta
Fig. 4 Gas chromatogram of the cod liver phospholipid fatty acid methyl (John M.Lowenstein, Methodds in Enzymology X IV Lipids, p349, Academic Press 1 d 5 I tili) Chromatogram of methyl esters of cod liver phospholipid fatty acids on a BDS coated open-tubular column, 150 feet X 0.01 inch i.d. Temperature, 170 ; helium carrier gas at 40 psig : flame ionization detector. Attenuations as marked.
Fig. 5 Plasma DHA on the animal with pigmentary retinopathy. Miniature Poodle (dog) and abyssinian cat of contracted animal compares it in a normal animal, and DHA is a low. There is not a difference in Irish setter having pigmentary retinopathy of the onset mechanism unlike the animal of ex-two people.
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