27 VR Effects of the position of viewpoint on self body in VR environment 1160298 2015 2 25
VR (HMD), HMD (VR). VR,.. HMD,., VR,.,.,,,,., VR,. HMD VR i
Abstract Effects of the position of viewpoint on self body in VR environment Ryu KAGAYAMA Recently inexpensive head-mounted display (HMD) have been developed and many people are able to enjoy a virtual reality (VR). By using VR technology, it is possible to experience event which never happen in the real world. For example, it is possible to isolate the observers own viewpoint from their own body using a camera and a HMD. However, when working with a different viewpoint from their own body wearing a HMD, it is unclear how this difference influences to the human performance and their bodies. In this study, the effects of the difference between the self-body and the viewpoint in VR environment on the users performance and their self-body were investigated using block copy task (repositioning the block in the right side to be the same as the block presented in the left side). The results showed that in the condition that the viewpoint passively changed, the significant effects were found in the task completion time and the severity of motion sickness, and in the condition with a horizontal physical shift of the viewpoint, the significant effects of the number of head turns and the severity of motion sickness were found. Thus, the mismatch of the self-body and the viewpoint in VR environment influences the users performance and their self-body. key words HMD VR BlockCopy MotionSickness ii
1 1 1.1...................................... 1 1.2...................................... 1 1.3 Telexistence( )..................... 2 2 3 2.1................................... 3 2.2...................................... 4 2.2.1............................. 6 2.3................................... 8 2.4.................................... 9 2.5................................... 9 2.6 SSQ............................... 9 2.7.................................... 11 2.7.1.......................... 11 2.8................................ 12 2.9...................................... 15 2.9.1.......................... 15 2.9.2......................... 16 2.9.3.......................... 18 2.9.4.......................... 20................................ 20................................ 21 2.9.5 SSQ............................ 23 iii
................................ 23 SSQTotalScore............................ 24 Nausea( ).......................... 25 Oculomotor( )........................ 27 Disorientation( )........................ 28 2.10...................................... 30 3 32 33 34 iv
2.1 LEGO................................ 4 2.2 LEGO........................... 4 2.3 (MPR202).............................. 5 2.4 PlayStationEye................................ 5 2.5 Oculus Rift DK2............................... 5 2.6 LifeCam HD-3000.............................. 5 2.7............................ 6 2.8...................... 6 2.9 HMD............................ 7 2.10 1................................... 8 2.11 2................................... 8 2.12.............................. 11 2.13 1.............................. 12 2.14 2.............................. 12 2.15 3.............................. 13 2.16 4.............................. 13 2.17 5.............................. 13 2.18 6.............................. 13 2.19 7.............................. 14 2.20 8.............................. 14 2.21 9.............................. 14 2.22 10............................. 14 2.23.............................. 16 v
2.24............................. 17 2.25.............................. 19 2.26.......................... 20 2.27............................ 22 2.28 TotalScore................................... 25 2.29 Nausea..................................... 26 2.30 Oculomotor.................................. 28 2.31 Disorientation................................. 29 vi
2.1 SSQ [4].............................. 10 2.2 ( )..................... 15 2.3...................... 17 2.4....................... 18 2.5....................... 21 2.6 SSQTotalScore......................... 24 2.7 Nausea............................. 26 2.8 Oculomotor........................... 27 2.9 Disorientaion.......................... 29 vii
1 1.1 (HMD), HMD (VR). VR, VR [2].,, VR. 1.2 VR,. 1, HMD.,,. HMD,. VR,. 1
1.3 Telexistence( ) 1.3 Telexistence( ), VR,.,,., [2][5]. 2
2 2.1, HMD., [1].,,,, SSQ. 3, VR,. 3
2.2 2.2, LEGO Block 16, LEGO 2. HMD Oculus Rift DK2(Oculus VR ) ( 2.5). Web PlayStationEye 2 ( 2.4), Web MPR-202 ( 2.3). Web PlayStationEye Windows PC CL-Eye Platform Driver. Web LifeCam HD-3000.,. OS: Microsoft Windows 8.1 CPU: Intel Core i5 3.20Ghz : 8GB 2.1 LEGO 2.2 LEGO 4
2.2 2.3 (MPR202) 2.4 PlayStationEye 2.5 Oculus Rift DK2 2.6 LifeCam HD-3000 5
2.2 2.2.1, Web PlayStationEye2 2.7. 2.7 ( 2.8). 2.8 6
2.2 HMD Oculus Rift DK2,. HMD ( 2.9). 2.9 HMD 7
2.3 2.3 45cm, 15cm, 45cm, 15cm.. 27 cm, ( 2.8). 8. HMD. 2.10 1 2.11 2 8
2.4 2.4 10 ( 7, 3 ).,. 2.5 3. 1,, 2 15cm,, 3,. 2.6 SSQ Kennedy,. 16 Simulator Sickness Questionnaire(SSQ) [4] [3]. 16 0 3 4. SSQ, TotalSocre SubScore Nausea( ), Oculomotor( ), Disorientation( ).. N Nausea, O Oculomotor, D Disorientaion. 2.1. 9
2.6 SSQ 2.1 SSQ [4] Nausea Oculomotor Disorientation TotalScore 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10
2.7 2.7, SSQ( 2.1).,,.,., HMD, SSQ, 5. 1, 1 3 1. 6, 3 6 18.,,. 2.7.1,, HMD, 90 deg.,,. OHP,. 2.12 11
2.8 2.8,, 4 2. 4, 5 5,,,. 2, 2. 4 2. 10. 2.13 1 2.14 2 12
2.8 ブロックモデル 図 2.15 ブロックパターン 3 図 2.16 ブロックパターン 4 図 2.17 ブロックパターン 5 図 2.18 ブロックパターン 6 13
2.8 ブロックモデル 図 2.19 ブロックパターン 7 図 2.20 図 2.21 ブロックパターン 9 図 2.22 ブロックパターン 10 14 ブロックパターン 8
2.9 2.9 2.9.1 2.2, 2.23. 1. (F (2, 18) = 9.5757, p = 0.0015). Holm,,. VR,. 2.2 ( ) 1 81.5 84 88.4 2 102.8 115.2 111.5 3 104.8 103.5 163.3 4 72.3 65.8 78.8 5 141.5 126.8 191.7 6 71.2 72.5 73.5 7 67.3 70.8 94.7 8 63.2 66 89.2 9 80.8 79.2 89.8 10 59.2 55.3 76.5 15
2.9 2.23 2.9.2, 2.3, 2.24. 1. (F (2, 18) = 5.3842, p =0.0147). Holm,. VR,. 16
2.9 2.3 1 3.83 4.83 4 2 3 2.5 2.5 3 3 3.83 4 4 3.17 3.5 3.5 5 2.5 3.5 3.83 6 3.17 3.67 2.17 7 3 3.5 3.83 8 3.67 5.67 4.33 9 3.83 5.17 4.17 10 4 4.33 3.33 2.24 17
2.9 2.9.3 2.4, 2.25. 1., (F (2, 11) = 0.7181, p = 0.5011). 2.4 1 4 3.83 3.8 2 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 3.83 3.83 3.83 5 4 3.83 3.83 6 4 4 3.33 7 3.33 3.33 3.17 8 3.83 4 4 9 4 3.67 3.83 10 3.67 3.33 4 18
2.9 2.25 19
2.9 2.9.4 1 OHP 1 (3 ), 4 ( 2.26).,,,.,.,. 2.26 20
2.9 2.5, 2.27. 1, Holm., (F (2, 18) = 4.2487, p =0.0308),. 2.5 1-2.6-2.68-2.54 2 1.32 1.4 2.77 3-0.22 0.67 0.03 4-1.4-1.72-1.1 5-0.98-1.33-0.95 6-1.33-1.18-0.62 7-2.89-3.89-3.32 8-0.37-0.58 0.25 9-2.55-1.68-2.01 10-3.25-2.73-1.8 21
2.9 2.27 22
2.9 2.9.5 SSQ SSQ TotalScore SubScore Nausea( ), Oculomotor( ), Disorientation( ). Kenned et al.(1993),. TotalScore 16 3.74. Nausea N, 9.54 NauseaScore. Oculomotor O, 7.58 OculomotorScore. Disorientaion, D, 13.92 DisorientaionScore. 23
2.9 SSQTotalScore SSQTotalScore 2.6, TotalScore 2.28. SSQTotalScore, 1., (F (2, 18) = 3.1676, p = 0.0663). 2.6 SSQTotalScore 1 6.23 8.73 6.73 2 5.61 9.35 5.61 3 6.73 7.48 7.48 4 2.49 4.99 2.49 5 29.17 32.91 40.39 6 0.62 0.62 0.62 7 30.54 35.53 34.28 8 17.95 20.2 20.94 9 2.49 2.49 2.49 10 0 0 0 24
2.9 2.28 TotalScore Nausea( ) SSQSubScore Nausea 2.7, Nausea 2.29. SSQSubSocre Nausea, 1. (F (2, 18) = 5.4010, p =0.0145). Holm, 25
2.9 2.7 Nausea 1 4.77 7.95 9.54 2 4.77 12.72 4.77 3 1.91 3.82 1.91 4 6.36 11.13 6.36 5 19.08 28.62 20.99 6 0 0 0 7 11.13 19.08 14.31 8 11.45 9.54 11.45 9 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 2.29 Nausea 26
2.9 Oculomotor( ) SSQSubScore Oculomotor 2.8, Oculomotor 2.30. SSQSubSocre Oculomotor, 1. (F (2, 18) = 4.1179, p =0.0337). Holm,. 2.8 Oculomotor 1 7.58 8.84 9.1 2 3.32 7.58 6.32 3 12.13 12.13 13.64 4 0 1.26 0 5 28.8 35.35 37.9 6 1.26 1.26 1.26 7 56.85 66.96 63.17 8 22.74 22.29 27.29 9 5.05 5.05 5.05 10 0 0 0 27
2.9 2.30 Oculomotor Disorientation( ) SSQSubScore Disorientation 2.9, Disorientaion 2.31. SSQSubScore Disorientation, 1.,. (F (2, 18) =1.2233, p = 0.3176 ). 28
2.9 2.9 Disorientaion 1 11.6 13.92 11.14 2 6.96 11.6 6.96 3 0 0 0 4 0 2.32 0 5 50.11 44.5 75.17 6 0 0 0 7 44.08 44.08 48.72 8 19.49 27.84 27.84 9 9.28 9.28 9.28 10 0 0 0 2.31 Disorientation 29
2.10 2.10,,.,.,.,,., 15 cm.,,.,,,.,., HMD 90 deg.,. SSQ TotalScore SubScore. 1 VR 90, 1 5. SubScore Nause( ), Nausea,. 30
2.10,,. SubScore Oculomotor( ),., 15cm,,. TotalScore SubScore Disorientaion( ),,. SubScore Disorientation( ),, Disorientation. 31
3 HMD, HMD (VR). VR,. 1, HMD., VR., VR,. VR,..,.,., SSQ,. 32
,..,.. 33
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