Meteorological Disaster Warning Systems in Thailand Prawit JAMPANYA Director Central Weather Forecast Division Weather Forecast Bureau Thai Meteorological Department (TMD) The First International Workshop on Prevention and Mitigation of Meteorological Disasters in Southeast Asia March 3-5, 2008, Kyoto, Japan
Objective Introduction of EWS Implementation in TMD Flash Flood and Flood Warning Systems - Telemetry networks - Radar Networks Multi-hazard warning towers
Outline Introduction Tsunami Early Warning System (TEWS) - Seismic network - Dart buoy network - Tidal gauge network Flood Warning - Telemetry networks - Radar Networks Multi-hazard warning tower
Introduction Main Activities of TMD - produce efficiently weather forecast and related warnings - Strengthen the public s natural disaster awareness - be the center of national meteorological data - promote international collaboration and partnership - strategies relate to the topic - Improve high resolution data observation to support EWS - operational guidelines - Develop NWP with high resolution to increase accuracy
Tsunami s s catastrophe Death Thai 2,059 Foreigner 2,436 (Total 5,395) Unidentified 900 Missing 1,921 Thai 896 Foreigners Injuries 8,457 Orphans 1,449 Unemployment 19,210 Affected persons 58,550 from 12,017 householders House Destroy and Damage 3,302 and 1,504 Total Financial impact 2.09 billion US
Tsunami Early Warning System
Requirement Establishment of TEWS - Well qualified earthquake monitoring network both local and regional seismic network in real time - Well qualified water level stations including tsunami buoys network to verify tsunami occurrence - Well dissemination system to people at risk
Digital(5) ChiangMai L4C,72A-08 Phrae Guralp 40T,72A-08 Tak L4c,72A-08 Srinakarin Dam Guralp 40T Seismic Stations Before 2004 Songkhla Guralp 40T Analog(14) ChiangRai, MeaHongSon Nan Tak, Loei Nakhonsawan, Nakhonratchasima Ubonratchatani Khoaleam Dam Kanchanaburi Chanthaburi Prachuabkirikhan Phuket Songkhla
Locations of Instruments ( Phase I Phase II) PHASE I SEISMIC STATION 15 STRONG MOTION 6 PHASE II SEISMIC STATION 25 STRONG MOTION 20 GPS STATION 4 BOREHOLE STATION 2 TIDE GAUGE STATION 9
Satellite Router TMD Bangkok Router Remote Stations DATA FLOW
Capability for Earthquake Monitoring It had taken, at least, 20 minutes to identify the location of epicenter and size of magnitude when using the old network. Using the new network (2005-2008), less than 5-10 minutes is expected to complete preliminary determination of an earthquake
Dart Buoy Deployment Dart Buoy Deployment Dart Buoy Deployment
Locations of Buoy Stations x Deploy at 9 N 89 E in Late 2006 x Deploy at 0 Early 2007 N 90 E in
Tsunami Warning Criteria Magnitude 5.0-6.4 6.5-6.9 7.0-7.7 > 7.8 less than 100 km. Low possibility to generate Tsunami Advisory Possibility to generate Tsunami Alert / Watching High possibility to generate Tsunami Alert / Watching Very high possibility to generate Tsunami Warning Depth of Hypocenter more than 100 km. Low possibility to generate Tsunami Advisory Low possibility to generate Tsunami Advisory Possibility to generate Tsunami Alert / Watching High possibility to generate Tsunami Alert / Watching Source : National Disaster Warning Center
Flood Risk Area
Telemetering related Project in 2007-2008 TMD has been approved some other budget in the 2007 fiscal year for implementing the following projects : + 2007 : Replacing voluntary rainfall stations in northern Thailand with telemetering stations (110 stations are designed for flood monitoring and warning covering critical flood risk areas.) + 2008 : Replacing volunteer rainfall stations over Thailand with telemetering stations (820 stations are currently designed to cover the whole country.)
セケチ コメケオ メ リケ サナメツ セテミツ ハ ユテユテムー ヤァヘ.ヌ ヤタメヌエ ユ ェムツコリテ ユ テ.テコメ ケナメ ケ ヘコオ. チキミ ナコ ハリテメノ ョテクメ ケユ ヌムエ メ ミ ユツケ ォメ ヌムエキメ オヘケ ハカメケ ユヘケメ チムツコメ ケハムケ キテメツ ヘァケ ヘツ セテミ ハァ コメケ メエヤチ コメケ メハメテ キリァヒ ュ ヘコオ. テ.テ. テリァヒツ ムケ2 サメエ エ ヌユツァハ テミ ゥヌメァ ハヌメケ サメエヘ ツェメ ァ ネルケツセ ムイケメ エ コ メケサァサル ソラヘァ セヤサルケ ケメコヘ ケ ハカメケ ユヘケメ チムコェリチ ェケコ メケ ヌエモ ハカメケ ユヘケメ チムツチミ ケメヌヒ ヌメケ ヌムエカモ セテミ コメケサ メオヨァ メチ コメケ ヒチ ラヘケメ. เ ヌムエハァ メァメチ ヌムエコメ ケエメケ テ.テ.ヒ ケヘァハ ヘァヒ ヘァ コヤケキ テコリテ ユ ヌムエヘリエ チセト ノメテ メチ テ.テ.コ メケヌムァ ヌメァ ヘコオ. ァエ ヤケハヘ テ.テ.コ メケヒヌ ツ ハテミ ヌ ヌムエ メ ゥ テ ティ ヌムエキメ ツ テ.テ.コ メケ ナ ヘァヒ ュ ヌムエ ナ ヘァケ モ ユツヌ ヌムエ ハムチ セムケク Thai Meteorological Department TMD Telemetry Networks Kok Basin S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S Chi Basin Yom Basin S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S Mun Basin S Nan Basin Thachin Basin Petburi Basin Prachuab Basin S S S S S S S S S S S SSS SSS SS S S S S S S S S S S SS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S Pasak Basin Prachin Basin Rainfall Stations (125) Water level Station (36) Rainfall Water level Stations (161) Tapi Basin S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S Songkhla Basin S S SS SS SSSS S SS S SSS SS S S
ハカメケユキテチメオテ テチヘリオリケヤツチヌヤキツメ ハカメケユキテチメオテ110 ハカメケユ ハカメケユキテチメオテテミツミキユ3 ィモケヌケ54 ハカメケユ ハカメケユキテチメオテテミツミキユ2 ハカメケユキテチメオテテミツミキユ1 ィモケヌケ39 ハカメケユ ィモケヌケ68 ハカメケユ ィモケヌケ110 ハカメケユ Thai Meteorological Department Tele Tele-metering Network metering Network Phase I 68 stations Phase II 39 Station Phase III 54 Stations Phase IV 110 Stations
Telemetry Station
Weather Radar Network
Multi-hazard Warning Tower in Thailand
Warning Towers Phase 1 (completed) : 76 towers installed in southern Thailand, west coast Phase 2 (completed) : 48 towers installed in southern Thailand, east coast Phase 3 : 144 towers will be installed in central, northern, northeastern Thailand. Aim : A complete network of 268 warning towers in 76 provinces of Thailand to transfer alarm signals for natural disaster warnings via a satellite
Thailand EWS and Dissemination National Disaster Warning Center Schools Hotels Ships Boats Proposed Thailand s Integrated Early Warning System for
Conclusion TMD well-established EWS and disseminate all products and bulletins through NDWC High resolution hydro-meteorological networks are available for integration of disaster prevention and mitigation. All available database have been used to issue warning as decision support frame work.
Thai Meteorological Department THANK YOU