Bull. Nagoya Univ. Museum No. 21, 183 237, 2005 Tropical Timber KIKATA Yoji Laboratory ob Bio-material physics, Graduate School of Bioagricultur Science, Nagoya University Professor Emeritus Abstract The timber resource of natural tropical forest varies gradually sustainable resource of planted wood species like as Pine, Eucalypt, and Acacia. The lesser-used wood species have to be classified by wood quality and properties for industrial end use. Some trials are shown with actual samples. Also the particular quality of tropical timber like as Battress, Brittle-heart, Growth stresses, Silica and so on are illustrated by examples. The amount of Biomass productivity, Carbon sink and Utilization of carbon sink of tropical forest are estimated by field-work at Indonesia. And the names of one tropical wood and non timber uses of tropical forest are explained. 183
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Agathis Araucaria Dipterocarpaceae Meliaceae Araucaria Nothfagus Fagus Eucalyptus 75 60 45 30 15 0 15 30 45 60 165 150 120 105 90 75 60 45 30 15 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 165 150 185
Dipterocarpaceae Swietenia macrophylla 186
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β α β 188
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Solidité Sensibilité Solidité Sensibilité 193
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Entauchophragma utile Triplochition scleroxylon Lophira alata 195
Pinns radiate 196
Acacia mangium Gmelina arborea Paraserianthes falcataria Eucalyptus deglupta 197
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Ochroma Guaiacum officinale 8(cm) Dalbergia Diospyros Pterocarpus Swartzia fistuloides Artocarpus Peltogyne Ochroma Campnosperma 199
Fagara Oxystigma oxyphyllum Sterculia oblonga MELIACEAE 200
Dipterocarpaceae Leguminosae Stercu-liaceae Avicennia Sonneratia Rhizophora Bruguiera Avicennia marina Bruguiera conjugate Rhizophora mueronata 201
Distribution of 1% NaOH extract for log L1 * 1% NaOH 12.3 12.1 13.4 15.2 14.8 15.6 Extract 12.5 12.4 12.9 14.8 (%) 12.1 12.6 14.1 Average 12.4 12.2 13.0 15.2 14.5 15.6 Note: *The area where the ratio of MOE to r 15 is decrease. Other arrows are used for the same purpose (as for MOE). Distribution of 1% NaOH extract for log L1 202
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Piptadenlastrum africanum Terminalia ivorennsis Combretodendoron macrocarpum Terminalia superbe Eucalyptus curiodera Fugus silvatica Tectona grandis Sterculia rhinopetaia Turraeanthus africana Pinus 204
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Eucalyptus deglupta Canarium Shorea Anthoshorea 206
Ambrosia Lyctus Hevea brasiliensis Paraserianthes falcataria Acacia mangium A. auriculiformis 207
Dipterocarpaceae Sindra 208
Shorea alwon Anisoptera cochichinensis Acacia mangium Eucalyptus deglupta 209
Octomeles sumatrana Alstonia Dactylocladus stenostachys Dyera Agathis Copaifera Shorea Richetioides Dipterocarpus Dryobalanops Agatis Gluta Tieghemella Alstonia Dactylocladas stenostachys 210
Podocarpus Pinus merkusii Agathis Tectona grandis Leucanea lencocephala 211
Shorea 212
Diptrocarpus 213
Pinus khasya Pinus merkusii Pinus caribaea Eucalyputus grandis Paraserianthes falcataria Acasia auricaliformis A. mangium Gmelina arborea Tectona grandis Swietenia macrophylla Entandrophragma cylindricum Terminalia superba Terminalia ivorensis 214
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Pinus caribaea Pinus kesia Pinus merkusii Pinus patula Pinus eliotii Acacia auriculiformis Acacia mangium Acacia nilotica Acacia mearnsii Gemelina arborea Albizia falcataria Eucalyptus grandis Eucalyptus deglupta Dalbegia sisso Swietenia macrophylla Tectona grandis 217
Pinus merkusii Pinus patula Gemelina arborea Albizia falcataria Eucalyptus grandis Dalbegia sisso Acacia meansii Swietenia macrophylla Tectona grandis 218
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φ φ 223
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Pseudotsuga menziesii 227
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Triplochiton scleroxylon Prunus jamasakura P. sargentii P. verecunda P. ssiori Betula Swietenia Khaya Entandrophragma Entandrophragma Meliaceae Entandrophragma util 229
Dipterocarpus Picea abies Abies alba Pinus sylvestris Cinchona succirubra C. ledgeriana Hevea brasiliensis Pinus merkusii P. kesiya P. caribea 230
Melanorrhoea Pinus-DipterocarpusDipterocarpus- Castanopsis Dipterocarpus 231
Copaifera Ceriops Dryobalanops aromatica α α Aquilaria agallocha Acacia senegal Acacia Acacia Achras zapota Dyera costulata Cinchona ledgeriana Erythroxylum coca Styrux paralletoneurum S. benzoin Melaleuca leucadendron Aspidosperma quebrachoblancoschinopsis Myristica fragrans Syzygium aromaticum Bertholletum excelsum Shorea maerophylla 232
Anacardium occidentate Gnetem gnemon Dorio zibethinus, D. Mangifera indica Mangifera Persea americana P. Artocarpus altilis A. heterophyllus Cocos nuciferaelaeis gnineenisis Metroxylon sagu Arenga pinnata Coffea robsta 233
Nipa fruticans Phoenix dactylifera Calamus 234
Lodoicea seychellarum Shell lac, Lac. Oyster mushroom Quercus ilex Cocos nucifera Copernica cerifera Camellia sinensis Erythnoxylum coca Melaleuca leucadendron Shorea robusta Dibterocarpus tuberculatus Nauclea orientalis Musa sapientum, M. Corypha utan 235
Tectona grandisparaserianthes falcataria 01) 02) D. Noack & E. Schwab (1973) The Significance of physical and technological wood properties for end use of tropical woods. DSE/FAO, properties, Uses and Marketing of Tropical Timber Vol.2. 03) 04) F. Cailliez & P. Gueneau (1972) Analyse en Composantes Principales des Proprietes Technologique de Bois Malgaches. Cahiers Scientifique No.2 C.T.F.T. 05) 06) B. Parant et al (1990) Principales caracteristigues Physiques et Mecaniques. Presentation graphique des caracteres technologiques de principaux Bois Tropicaux. C.T.F.T. 07) 08) 09) Monograph of the New Species of Bark Beetles and Ambrosia Beetles. Countries, lntercepted at Japanese Ports Shizuo Ohno Collection. 236
10) 11) 12) 13) 14) 237