2001 2003 2005 2006 2007 2008
60 etc.
http://nosmoke.hp.infoseek.co.jp/yuugaibussitu.htm
http://nosmoke.hp.infoseek.co.jp/yuugaibussitu.htm
23.5% 2.8% 2.8% 3.4% 30.3% 9.9% 11.5% 15.8%
AAN 65 65 n=985 n=495 n=490 n=490 %
2.66 4.25 1.00 1.15 1.32 1.52 2.01 1.00 1.00 1.56 -/ -119 120-130- 140-160- 180- - / -/ NIPPON DATA 80
4.89 3.90 3.11 2.46 4.25 1.00 1.25 1.57 1.97 1.00 1.00 1.56 -/ 180 180-200- 220-240- - / -/ 260-280- 300- NIPPON DATA 80
4.30 3.26 2.99 3.06 2.97 2.07 1.00 1.20 1.44 1.00-119 120-130- 140-160- 180- - / -/ NIPPON DATA 80
UK Small Aneurysm Trial The Edinburgh Artery Study The Cardiovascular Health Study
COPD CT
COPD
Influenza-like disease Healthy Total Mild Moderate Severe Total smoker Number (%) non-smoker Number (%) 36 ( 60%) 47 (41.6%) 24 ( 40%) 66 (58.4%) 60 (100%) 113 (100 %) 1.44 2.42 6 (16.7%) 18 (38.3%) 14 (38.9%) 8 (17.0%) 16 (44.4%) 21 (44.7%) 36 (100 %) 47 (100 %) Kark JD, Lebiush M. Am J of Public Health 71 : 530-532. 1981
Nuorti JP et al. Cigarette Smoking and Invasive Pneumococcal Disease. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:681-689. 5.5 228 301 2.3 3.7 Lidia Arcavi et al. Cigarette Smoking and Infection. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164:2206-16.
23.5% 2.8% 2.8% 3.4% 30.3% 9.9% 11.5% 15.8%
cm cm cm 100 100 130mmHg and/or mmhg 110mg /dl TG 150mg /dl and/or HDL-C 40mg /dl
GLUT-4 AT- TNF glucose GLUT-4
Iwashima Y, Katsuya T et.al. Hypertension. 2005 Jun;45(6):1094-100
Hypertension. 2005 Jun;45(6):1094-100
Foy Capri G, Bell RA et.al. Diabetes Care 28:2501-2507, 2005 OGTT Findings form the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS) Normal Glucose Tolerance N=593 Impaired Glucose Tolerance N=295
TNF TNF FFA Liu RH, Mizuta M, Matsukura S : J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Jul;310(1):52-8
HP
COPD
2007 :
10 10 Doll R, et al. BMJ 2004;328:1529-33 Survival from age 35 for continuing cigarette smokers and lifelong non-smokers among UK male doctors born 1900-1930, with percentages alive at each decade of age Copyright 2004 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. Age(years)
70 70 R. Doll et al BMJ 1994;309:901-911 Mortality in relation to smoking:40 years' observations on male British doctors
70 70 68 58 52
2.0 1.5 1.0 1.92 1.64 1.55 1.36 1.10 0.5 0 Sundstrom J,et al. Clinical value of the metabolic syndrome for long term prediction of total and cardiovascular mortality: prospective, population based cohort study. BMJ. 332:878-82,2006.
etc.
Weitzman M et al: Pediatrics. 1990 Apr;85(4):505-11 Maternal smoking and childhood asthma. n=4331 1 10 2.6 Infante-Rivard C et al: Am J Epidemiol. 1999 Sep 1;150(5):528-31 Maternal smoking and childhood asthma. n=294 1 20 3.84
n=149 < 10 / 10 / < n 80 69 61 88 17 132 115 34 1 2.83 1 0.89 1 0.51 1 4.43 Morkjaroenpong V et al:j Allergy Clin Immunol 110(1):147-153,2002.
COPD HDAC HDAC Kazuhiro Ito et al: N Engl J Med 2005;353(5):528.
2030 2030 800 WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2008
FCTC Framework Convention on Tobacco Control WHO168. 2004 2005 2 27 27. 2008 COP3 COP : conference of the parties FCCC Framework Convention on Climate Change. CO2 CO2 1994 3 21 21. 2009 COP15
N.Y. N.Y. etc. 27,000 27,000 136,000 1 5 2003 2003 25
FDA FDA WHO WHO
a 0-
500 900
ETS Environmental Tobacco Smoke SHS Second Hand Tobacco Smoke IARC EPA EPA IARC A
Pell JP et al. Smoke-free legislation and hospitalizations for acute coronary syndrome. N Engl J Med 2008;359:482-91
1 2900 146 5 8000 2200 7 3246 11 2 2797 9000 7 3246 4 1449
JT 50% JT 50% JT 50.02% 2.46% 1.85% 1.51% 1.35% 2007 9 30 JT 1300 1200 NY 1080 830 770 640 300
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JT 10 10 JT JT JT JT JT 15 15 3
JT JT JT
Why Review Articles on the Health Effects of Passive Smoking Reach Different Conclusions Deborah E. Barnes et al. JAMA. 279:1566-1570. 1998 29 74 % %
EU
EU
EU
58 40 / 40 TDS 10 CO 34ppm
58
42 30 / 20 TDS 6 CO 9ppm HP JT
42 JT
25 20 / 10 TDS 9 7 CO 24 18
25
* Merry Christmas!