43 Hau L. Lee Supply Chain Management: SCM leanagile lean/agile Fisher1997 Qi et al.2009 Nakano, 2015 3 demand uncertainty, 2014 supply uncertainty SCM Hau L. Lee SCM Lee, 2002 4 Fisher1997 e.g., Sun et al., 2009
44 27 SCM 2 1 2 2 HP HP F 1 First Filial Generation 2 HPF 1 law of dominancemendel, 1866 heterosis 1 2, 2009
45 F 1 F 1 law of segregation Mendel, 1866 F 1 1 1~2 5% F 1 HP 3.1 3 2 7,400 4,000 400 17% 680 80 4 ETC 5 Action Group on Erosion, Technology and ConcentrationETC Group, 2008 1 Monsanto, 2010Roundup 3-25 2 1 5 3 5 3 4 5ETC 2010 9
46 27 DuPont Syngenta 3 Genetically Modified: GM, 2010 8 10 6 HP 6% Groupe Limagrain 4 US$ millions % 1 Monsanto US $4,964 23 2 DuPont US $3,300 15 3 Syngenta Switzerland $2,018 9 4 Groupe Limagrain France $1,226 6 5 Land OLakes US $917 4 6 KWS AG Germany $702 3 7 Bayer Crop Science Germany $524 2 8 Sakata Japan $396 < 2 9 DLF-Trifolium Denmark $391 < 2 10 Takii Japan $347 < 2 1835 6 180 1905 1 5 6, 2005
47 480 460 440 420 400 380 360 20074 20094 20114 20134 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1935 1950 F 1 60 1961 1962 1963 1964 1969 F 1 F 1, 1989 Dr. 1 6-7, 2013
48 27 F 1 10 A B A B A A A B B A B A B F 1 breeder
49 5 1,500 500 F 1 7 20132012 90% 8 7 82010 2009b
50 27 2 2 International Seed Testing AssociationISTA F 1 3
51 2 1,500 JA 1 2 JA
52 27 1998 9 9
53 10 Lee2002 3 Lee Fisher1997 functional products innovative products functional products innovative products 11 102009a 11 Choi and Krause, 2006
54 27 Lee Lee2002 12 risk-hedging supply chains Lee2002 3 SCM Supply Chain Risk Management: SCRM Tang2006 SCRM Chopra and Sodhi2004mitigationLee2002 12Lee2002
55 Lee2002 SCM Risk Management and Insurance Harrington and Niehaus, 2004 3 2 SCM 3 1 SCM Kleindorfer and Saad 2005 Chopra and Sodhi2004, Kleindorfer and Saad 2005 Lee 2002, Chopra and Sodhi2004 Wakolbinger and Cruz 2011 Lee 2002, Chopra and Sodhi2004, Kleindorfer and Saad 2005 Lee 2002, Kleindorfer and Saad 2005, Wakolbinger and Cruz 2011
56 27 2 Harrington and Niehaus2004 SCM Kleindorfer and Saad2005 1 1 SCM Chopra and Sodhi, 2004 Kleindorfer and Saad, 2005 risk retentionrisk transfer SCM Lee, 2002; Chopra and Sodhi, 2004 13 13
57 SCM SCM Wakolbinger and Cruz2011 risk-sharing contracts 3.2 2.2 International Seed Federation: ISFThe Asia and Pacific Seed Association: APSA variance Harrington and Niehaus2004diversificationinvestment in information SCM Lee, 2002; Chopra and Sodhi, 2004; Kleindorfer and Saad, 2005 Kleindorfer and Saad, 2005 Lee, 2002 Kleindorfer and Saad, 2005 Wakolbinger and Cruz, 2011
58 27 14 2 4 3.2 4.1 14, 2009b
59 SCM SCM SCM 4.4 IT
60 27 Choi, T.Y. and Krause, D.R. 2006The supply base and its complexity: Implications for transaction costs, risks, responsiveness, and innovation, Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 24, pp. 637-652. Chopra, S. and Sodhi, M.S. 2004Managing risk to avoid supply-chain breakdown, Sloan Management Review, Fall, pp. 53-61. ETC Group2008Who owns nature? Corporate power and the final frontier in the commodification of life, Communiqué Issue #100. Fisher, M.L.1997What is the right supply chain for your product?, Harvard Business Review, March/April, pp. 105-116. Harrington, S.E. and Niehaus, G.R.2004Risk management and insurancesecond edition, NY: McGraw-Hill 2005. 2013JATAFF 1 9, 2-7 199854, 21-37 Kleindorfer, P.R. and Saad, G.H.2005Managing disruption risks in supply chains, Production and Operations Management, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 53-68. 2010SRI103, 3-7 Lee, H.L.2002Aligning supply chain strategies with product uncertainties, California Management Review, Vol. 44, No. 3, pp. 105-119. 2012 Mendel, G. J.1866Versuche über Pflanzen-Hybriden, Verhandlungen des Naturforschenden Vereines in Brünn, IV Band, pp. 3-471999. 2014 2014-01 Nakano, M.2015Exploratory analysis on the relationship between strategy and structure/processes in supply chains: Using the strategy-structure-processes-performance paradigm, International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 26, No. 2. 2010 Qi, Y., Boyer, K.K. and Zhao, X.2009Supply chain strategy, product characteristics, and performance impact: Evidence from Chinese manufacturers, Decision Sciences, Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 667-695. Sun, S., Hsu, M. and Hwang, W. 2009The impact of alignment between supply chain strategy and environmental uncertainty on SCM performance, Supply chain Management: An International Journal, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 201-212. 2009a 21 2009b 21 2009
61 Tang, C.S.2006Perspectives in supply chain risk management, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 103, pp. 451-488. Wakolbinger, T. and Cruzb, J.M.2011Supply chain disruption risk management through strategic information acquisition and sharing and risk-sharing contracts,international Journal of Production Research, Vol. 49, No. 13, pp. 4063 4084. 2010,2010/7/19, 24-33 1989 1989/6/19 2005 2005/12/1 2013 2013/7/31 HPhttp://www.takii.co.jp/2015 1 14
62 27 Seed supply chain: Risk management learning from Takii s case Akihiro HAMASAKI Mikihisa NAKANO ABSTRACT In the research area of supply chain managementscm, there is a vast amount of studies on industrial products with high demand uncertainty. This paper, on the contrary, focuses on seed, which is non-industrial product with high supply uncertainty and an agricultural product. On the basis of case study of Takii, which is a leading company of the domestic market, first, seed supply chain is described. Next, its supply chain strategy is positioned as risk-hedging one using well-known Hau L. Lee s framework. In addition, an analytical framework of risk management is set up. Finally, the authors discuss Takii s approaches of risk management based on the framework and lead to useful implications.