LBR Swami & Furnham, 2007 Buss, 1989; Singh, 1993 Waist-to-hip ratio: WHR Braun & Bryan, 2006; Dixson, Grimshaw, Linklater, & Dixson, 2011; Henss, 1995, 2000; Marlowe, Apicella, & Reed, 2005; Marlowe & Wetsman, 2001; Singh, 1993, 1995a, b; Sugiyama, 2004 BMI Puhl & Boland, 2001; Smith, Cornelissen, & Tovée, 2007; Swami, Caprario, Tovée, & Furnham, 2006; Tovée & Cornelissen, 2001; Tovée, Reinhardt, Emery, & Cornelissen, 1998Guéguen, 2007a, 2007b; Swami & Tovée, 2013 Singh, 1995a; Dixson, Halliwell, East, Wignarajah, & Anderson, 2003Dixson et al., 2003; Frederick & Haselton, 2007 = 2 1 Donohoe, von Hippel, & Brooks, 2009 leg-to-body ratio: LBR Benslimane, 2012 WHR BMI Bertamini & Bennett, 2009; Bogin & Varela-Silva, 2010; Davey Smith, Greenwood, Gunnell, Sweetnam, Yarnell, & Elwood, 2001; Fielding, Schooling, Adab, Cheng, Lao, Jiang, & Lam, 2008; Kim, Stewart, Shin, Kim, Yang, & Yoon, 2008; Sorokowski, 2010; Wadsworth, Hardy, Paul, Marshall, & Cole, 2002 Wadsworth et al. 2002 4 Davey Smith et al. 2001 Bogin & Varela-Silva, 2010
LBR Frederick, Hadji- Michael, Furnham, & Swami, 2010; Sorokowski & Pawlowski, 2008; Swami, Einon, et al., 2006 Swami, Einon, et al. 2006LBR LBR 1.0 1.4 1.4 5 LBR LBR Swami, Einon, et al. 2006 LBR LBR LBR LBR LBR LBR Swami, Einon, et al., 2006 Sorokowski & Pawlowski 2008 LBR LBR -15% +15% 7 LBR Swami, Einon, et al. 2006 5% LBR +5% LBR U Sorokowski & Pawlowski 2008 Swami, Einon, et al. 2006 Swami, Einon, et al. 2006 LBR1.3 Sorokowski & Pawlowski 2008 LBR Sorokowski et al. (2011) Sorokowski & Pawlowski 2008 27 Sorokowski & Pawlowski 2008 Sorokowski & Pawlowski 2008 5% LBR LBR U Frederick et al. 2010 CG LBR LBR U LBR Sorokowski et al. (2011) LBR Swami, Einon, et al. 2006 CG Frederick et al. 2010 Swami, Einon, et al. 2006 Sorokowski & Pawlowski 2008 LBR LBR LBR LBR Sorokowski & Pawlowski 2008 LBR LBR LBR 0.516 0.513 LBR 0.460 0.454 Research Institute of Human Engineering for Quality Life, 2011 LBR -15% +15% LBR LBR
Hosei University 均 LBR の -10% から +10% までとする また Sorokowski & Pawlowski (2008) では 5% ずつ異なる刺激が用い られたが LBR の細かい変化に対してどのような魅力判断がなされるのかを検討するために 本研究では 2% ずつ異なる刺激を用いる Sorokowski & Pawlowski 2008 の結果から +5% の LBR が男女刺激に関わらず最も魅力的であると判断さ れると考えられる しかし Fielding et al. 2008 Davey Smith et al. 2001 Wadsworth et al. 2002 の知見 から LBR が高いほど魅力的であると判断される可能性も同時に考えられる 本研究では シルエットを刺 激として用いた場合に 平均仮説 超平均仮説 どちらが当てはまるのかを検討することを目的とする また 超平均仮説においても ある LBR が最も魅力的でそこから逸脱するほど魅力が下がるのか または長ければ 長いほど魅力的であるのかを検討する 2.0. 方 法 2.1. 参加者 法政大学の学生 40 名 男性 17 名 女性 23 名 に対して実験を行った 年齢は 18 から 23 歳 平均 19.18 歳 SD = 1.06 であった 2.2. 刺 激 LBR を身長に対する股下高の比と定義した LBR が 0.460 の男性シルエットと LBR が 0.454 の女性シルエ ット それぞれ 20 代の平均 LBR Research Institute of Human Engineering for Quality Life, 2011 を Poser7.0 と Adobe Photoshop Elements を用いて作成し これをベースシルエットとした 次にそのベースシルエットを男 女ごとに 胸の下部から上を① 胸の下部から腰を② 腰から股を③ 股から踝を④ 踝から下部を⑤として 5 つに分割した Fig. 1 そして 男女それぞれの 20 代平均 LBR の②の長さを基準の LBR 100% とし こ れを -10% 90% から +10% 110% まで 2% 刻みで伸縮させた この編集によって生じる②と③ ③と④の 接合部の空白又は重複は ④の伸縮によって調整した ① ③ ⑤は視覚的な不自然さを回避するために伸縮 はせず固定した この手続きに従って 男女各 11 シルエットを作成し これを刺激とした Appendix Fig. 1. 刺激の分割領域 胸の下部から上を① 胸の下部から腰を② 腰から股を③ 股から踝を④ 踝から下部を⑤とした 15
SuperLab4.0 7 7 2 15 LBR 2 rs.20 2 Table 1 64.4% 1 =.94 2 =.51.921 -.040.585.903 -.070.641.876.010.198.819.015.540.796.046.293.732.052.742.713.277.477.686.127.486.067.859.538.286.748.671.165.716.636.333.605.850.227 -.491.821.203 -.396.768 6.047 2.970
2 Table 2 61.7% 1 =.92 2 =.77.890 -.014.658.867 -.115.262.865 -.091.192.857 -.071.570.807 -.079.402.781 -.060.674.713.052.382.693.084.740.573 -.272.792.451.242.511.438.002.487 -.134.810.765 -.060.753.756.075.613.614 6.433 2.204 Table 3 LBR Fig. 2 LBR 3 LBR LBR
LBR LBR % LBRTable 4 LBR LBR -.03.56 ** 1 -.06 -.12 * -.10 * 1.11 *.23 **.33 **.03 1 -.07 -.10 *.03.06.16 ** 2 LBR 11 90% 110% 2 LBR Table 5 LBR LBR 108% 110% LBR90% 92% LBR96% LBR94% LBR100% 102%
LBR98% 104% LBR108% 110% 102% LBR108% LBR100% LBR η 2 =.022 LBR η 2 =.315 3 LBR 11 1 11 1 = LBR90% 11 = LBR110% 4 LBR 1 LBR 2 LBR Table 6 Adj R 2 =.31 LBR LBR Fig. 3 LBR 0.1 3
SE (Adj R 2 =.31) 95% 4.09 *** 3.98 4.19 0.05-0.06-0.22 0.10 0.08 LBR 0.20 *** 0.16 0.23 0.02 LBR -0.05-0.10 0.00 0.03 (Adj R 2 =.01) 3.07 *** 2.92 3.22 0.08-0.16-0.39 0.07 0.12 LBR -0.06 ** -0.11-0.02 0.02 LBR 0.04-0.03 0.12 0.04 (Adj R 2 =.06) 3.75 *** 3.61 3.89 0.07 0.26 * 0.05 0.47 0.11 LBR 0.10 *** 0.05 0.14 0.02 LBR -0.03-0.10 0.04 0.03 (Adj R 2 =.02) 5.57 5.47 5.67 0.05-0.12-0.28 0.04 0.08 LBR 0.00-0.03 0.03 0.02 LBR -0.06 * -0.11-0.01 0.03 *: p <.05, **: p <.01, ***: p <.001 LBR LBR
1 2 LBR Table 7 LBR 95% SE 4.073 *** 3.869 4.278 0.098-0.081-0.420 0.258 0.166 LBR 0.199 *** 0.155 0.242 0.021 LBR -0.053-0.122 0.017 0.034 0.192 ** 0.096 0.383 0.068 0.081 0.004 1.805 0.129 LBR 0.007 * 0.003 0.017 0.003 LBR 0.002 0.000 0.388 0.005 *: p <.05, **: p <.01, ***: p <.001 LBR Swami, Einon, et al. (2006) Sorokowski & Pawlowski (2008) 5% LBR LBR 90% -10% LBR 110% +10% LBR LBR LBR Swami, Einon, et al. (2006) LBR LBR Fielding et al., 2008 LBR LBR LBR LBR LBR LBR
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