1
Dr. Grandjean 2
15 45 3
4
CH 3 Hg + Hg 0 fi Hg ++ fich 3 + MeHg MeHg 5
Methylmercury-2 6
:, A. Yasutake 7
- A. Yasutake 8
:,. A. Yasutake 9
A. Yasutake 10
(%) : : : : : MeHg 0.05 250 : 2 : 1 : 0.1 : 0.05 : 0.05 MeHg(%) 98% 98% 95% 30% 1% 30% 11
12
1986-87 87 1989-90 90 4.5 6.8 ppm ppm 13
( 15-59 ) 1200 1000 800 Mean level Female: 1.6 ppm (n = 2265) Male: 2.5 ppm (n = 3668) Female Male 600 400 200 EPA(75%) JECFA(25%) (0.7%) 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 (ppm) Yasutake et al. (2004) 14
15 15
5ppm 5ppm Toxicol Environ Chem (in press) Brain Res 2002; 949: 51-59. 59. 16
(5ppm Hg) 8 ( ) ( ) 30 (5ppm Hg) 17
18
19
20
21
3 Environ Res 2002; 90: 185-189 189 Environ Sci Tech 2004; 38: 3860-3863. 3863. Environ Health Prev Med 2004; 9: 67-69. 69. 22
(constant) 10 23
(53 ) (16 ) 24
P<0.01 25
(ng/g) 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 (ng/g) y = 1.6139x r = 0.92 26
Mean=1.6 27
RBC 13.0 ng/g RBC 8.2ng/g 28
P<0.01 29
RBC 13.0 ng/g 3 0.2 ng/g RBC 6.9 ng/g 30
7 3 31
32
A= (a/b)bh/ln 2(1 exp ( ln 2 /BHt)) a= ;b: ; A: (t); H 0 = ; BH= 70 ( ); t=. 33
34
35
36
37
38
Grandjean: Human milk as a source of methylmercury exposure in infants. Env.. Health Perspect 102 (1994) 39
40
41
42
Environ Health Prev Med 2004; 9: 67-69. 69. Environ Sci Tech 2004; 38: 3860-3863. 3863. 43
(LN, 18:2-n6) (LnN, 18:3-n3) (DHA, 22:6-n3) (AA, 20:4- n6)aa DHA 44
/ 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 Saturated & Mono-unsaturated C20:3n-6 * C20:4n-6 * C18:2n-6 * C18:3n-3 * C20:5n-3 22:6-3 * n-3 n-6 45
40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 ** y = 0.135x + 6.66 r = 0.35 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 46
(ug/ml) 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 ** y = 0.135x + 6.66 r = 0.35 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 (ng/g) 47
, DHA, EPA Hg Hg 48
() 1-40 ( ) 0.09 ppm 0.04 ppm 49
50
1. Amin-Zaki L, Elhassani S, Majeed MA, Clarkson TW, Doherty RA, Greenwood M. Intra-uterine methylmercury poisoning in Iraq. Pediatrics. 1974 Nov;54(5):587-95. 2. Grandjean P, Jorgensen PJ, Weihe P. Human Milk as a Source of Methylmercury Exposure in Infants. Environ Health Perspect.. 1994 Jan;102(1):74-7. 7. 3. Sakamoto M, Kakita A, Wakabayashi K, et al. Evaluation of changes in methylmercury accumulation in the developing rat brain and its effects: e a study with consecutive and moderate dose exposure throughout gestation and lactation periods. Brain Res 2002; 949: 51-59. 59. 4. Sakamoto M, Kubota M, Matsumoto S, et al. Declining risk of methylmercury exposure to infants during lactation. Environ Res 2002; 90: 185-189. 189. 5. Sakamoto M, Kubota M. Plasma fatty acid profiles in 38 pairs of maternal and umbilical cord blood samples. Environ Health Prev Med 2004; 9: 67-69. 69. 6. Sakamoto M, Kubota M, Liu XJ, Murata K, Nakai K, Satoh H. Maternal and fetal mercury and n-3 n 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids as a rik and benefit of fish consumption to fetus. Environ Sci Tech 2004; 38: 3860-3863. 3863. 7. Pan H.S, Sakamoto M, Oliveira R.B. et al. Changes in methylmercury ry accumulation in the brain of rat offspring throughout gestation and during suckling. Toxicol Environ Chem 2004; 86: 163-170. 170. 51
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