OECD における 大規模研究施設 分散型研究施設の多国間による共同整備に伴う課題 の検討状況について 資料 4 科学技術 学術審議会 国際戦略委員会 ( 第 6 回 ) H26.5.22 OECD Global Science Forum 永野博 2014 年 5 月 22 日第 6 回科学技術 学術審議会国際戦略委員会
OECD 科学技術政策委員会 (CSTP) の作業部会であるグローバル サイエンス フォーラム (GSF) は 特にメガサイエンスや地球規模課題に関する研究について 加盟国間の科学技術協力を推進し 各国の取組の情報交換や政策決定に活用可能な国際的な枠組みの構築に 機密性 ( 取扱制限 ) 向けた提言等を行うことを目的としている 2
Through the Global Science Forum, senior government officials develop findings and action recommendations on high-priority science policy issues. Since 1992, GSF has been a general-purpose committee, dealing with a wide range of subjects: Policy issues where international consultations are needed, e.g., strategic planning of infrastructures Issues at the intersection of science/society/government e.g., scientific advice for policymaking Specific scientific domains where something new, noteworthy is happening, e.g., astroparticle physics
A long tradition of investigating research infrastructure issues, related to all scientific domains and policy making Not just talks! GSF activities lead to very concrete outcomes: Work on neutron sources contributed to decision making in Europe, Japan etc. (ILL, J-PARC) Four international research collaboration developed within the GSF: The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF, HQ=Copenhagen) The International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility (INCF, HQ=Stockholm) The Global Earthquake Foundation (GEM, HQ=Pavia, Italy) Scientific Collections International (SciColl, HQ=Smithsonian, DC)
Strategic Visions/Roadmaps Neutron Sources High-Energy Neutrinos Radio Astronomy Proton Accelerators Nuclear Physics Structural Genomics Condensed Matter Facilities High-Intensity Lasers Astronomy and Astrophysics High-Energy Physics Grid Computing Astroparticle Physics Science & Society Science Education Dialogues with Civil Society Incubating Research Projects Bioinformatics (GBIF) Neuroinformatics (INCF) Earthquake Risk (GEM) GSF Activities Scientific Collections (SciColl) Supporting International Cooperation Scientific advice for policymaking Mathematics & Industry Indicators and Models Research Misconduct International Years of Science Complexity Science & Public Policy Facilitating Clinical Research Trials Cooperation with Developing Countries Research Infrastructures
Roadmapping of Large Research Infrastructures (2008) Establishing Large Research Infrastructures: Issues and Options (2010) Data and Research Infrastructure for the Social Sciences (2013) International Distributed Research Infrastructures (2014) The Impacts of Large Research Infrastructures on Economic Innovation and on Society (CERN Case Study) (2014)
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Outcome of the activity is a 40-page compendium of issues and options, based on past experience. - Practical - Nonpresciptive - Nonexhaustive - Nonjudgemental 9
Establishing Large International Research Infrastructures Issues and Options における検討事項 [ 調査対象例 ] Single experiments : ITER, JET, CERN, Pierre Auger Observatory, ILC, SuperB User facilities for a small number of simultaneous users : ALMA, big optical telescopes, SKA, ELTs User facilities for many simultaneous users : ESRF, ILL, XFEL, FAIR, ESS 10
Increased diversity of RIs types and uses, in all scientific domains Setting up truly global RIs is still a challenge No real mechanism to involve all stakeholders from initial stages Still very much a «club» of large institutions Lack of good legal frameworks for global RIs Sustainable operation of international RIs is a real challenge Current focus on socio-economic impact of RIs may be misleading Data management and access policies not adapted to current needs
ICRI 2014 International Conference on Research Infrastructures Research Infrastructures for Global Challenges パネリスト : EC DG Smits, ESFRI Chair Womersley, 豪州科学顧問 Chubb etc. 12
透明性のある意思決定プロセスの構築 適切な法的枠組みの考案 持続性の担保を目的とした 各国および国際レベルの整合的なファンディングのあり方の考案 データマネジメントおよびアクセスに関する国際基準の構築 The OECD Global Science Forum may be the place for such debates! Q (Smits) : What are still lacking? A (Nagano) : Global legal framework in place of ERIC, and sustainability of RIs. [ERIC : European Research Infrastructure Consortium] 14
参考 European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC, 2009 年 8 月 28 日発効 ) Research infrastructure means facilities, resources and related services that are used by the scientific community to conduct top-level research in their respective fields and covers major scientific equipment or sets of instruments. An ERIC is a legal entity with legal personality and full legal capacity recognised in all EU Member States. An ERIC is a recognises by the country hosting its seat as an international body or organisation for the purposes of the directives on value added tax (VAT).
ERICs SHARE : Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (2011-3-17) CLARIN : Common Language Resources and Technology Infrastructure (2012-2-29) EATRIS : European Advanced Translational Research Infrastructure in Medicine (2013-11-7) ESS : European Social Survey (2013-11-22) BBMRI : Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure (2013-11-22) ECRIN : European Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (2013-11-29) Euro-Argo (2014-5-5)